CH 36

A client has been diagnosed with HIV and has been placed on antiretroviral therapy. What does the nurse inform the client will be required for determining the progression of the disease as well as guiding drug therapy?

Viral load and T4-cell counts will be performed every 2 to 3 months.

A client with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, an autosomal recessive disorder, asks the nurse, "Will my children have this disease?" Which response by the nurse is appropriate?

"All of your children will be carriers of the recessive gene but may not develop the disease."

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who is immunosuppressed. Which statement by the client indicates the need for additional teaching?

"I can eat whatever I want as long as it's low in fat."

A client is beginning highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The client demonstrates an understanding of the need for follow up when scheduling a return visit for viral load testing at which time?

6 weeks

A client with AIDS has become forgetful with a limited attention span, decreased ability to concentrate, and delusional thinking. What condition is represented by these symptoms?

AIDS dementia complex (ADC)

When assisting the patient to interpret a negative HIV test result, the nurse informs the patient that the results mean which of the following?

Antibodies to HIV are not present in his blood.

A nurse is preparing an in-service presentation about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) for a group of new graduate nurses. As part of the presentation, the nurse is planning to describe the events that occur once HIV enters the host cell. What would the nurse describe as the first step?

Attachment

A home care nurse is visiting a client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) at home. During the visit, the nurse observes the caregiver providing care. What action by the caregiver would alert the nurse to the need for additional teaching?

Caregiver cleans the client's anal area without wearing gloves

A client suspected of having human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has blood drawn for a screening test. What is the first test generally run to see if a client is, indeed, HIV positive?

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

The nurse teaches the client that reducing the viral load will have what effect?

Longer survival

HIV is harbored within which type of cell?

Lymphocyte

A client with HIV will be started on a medication regimen of three medications. What drug will the nurse instruct the client about?

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors

A client has received the results of a HIV antibody test, which is positive. What is the best explanation for the nurse to give to the client?

The client has been infected and has produced antibodies.

A nurse is reviewing the causes of genetic diseases with parents of an infant born with severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). Which would be inaccurate information pertaining to SCID?

The inheritance of SCID can be autosomal dominant.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is diagnosed through

biopsy.

Based on the nurse's base knowledge of primary immunodeficiencies, how would the nurse complete this statement? Primary immunodeficiencies

develop early in life after protection from maternal antibodies decreases.

A female client comes to the clinic and tells the nurse, "I think I have another vaginal infection and I also have some wartlike lesions on my vagina. This is happening quite often." What should the nurse consult with the physician regarding?

testing the client for the presence of HIV

A nurse is monitoring the client's progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What debilitating gastrointestinal condition found in up to 90% of all AIDS clients should the nurse be aware of?

Chronic diarrhea

A client that is HIV+ has been diagnosed with Pneumocystis pneumonia caused by P. jiroveci. What medication does the nurse expect that the client will take for the treatment of this infection?

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

A client who has AIDS reports having diarrhea after every meal, and wants to know what can be done to stop this symptom. What should the nurse advise?

Avoid fibrous foods, lactose, fat, and caffeine.

When administering intravenous gamma globulin infusion, the nurse recognizes that which report by the client may indicate an adverse effect of the infusion?

Flank pain

A healthcare worker has been exposed to the blood of an HIV-positive client and is awaiting the results of an HIV test. In the meantime, what precautions must the healthcare worker take to prevent the spread of infection?

Follow the same sexual precautions as someone who has been diagnosed with AIDS.

A client is given a nursing diagnosis of social isolation related to withdrawal of support systems and stigma associated with AIDS. Which outcomes would indicate that the nurse's plan of care was effective? Select all that apply.

Client demonstrates beginning participation in events and activities. Client identifies appropriate sources of assistance and support. Client verbalizes feelings related to the changes imposed by the disease.

A nurse educator is preparing to discuss immunodeficiency disorders with a group of fellow nurses. What would the nurse identify as the most common secondary immunodeficiency disorder?

AIDS

Which of the following is the first barrier method that can be controlled by the woman?

Female condom

A majority of clients with CVID develop which type of anemia?

Pernicious

Nursing students are reviewing the pathophysiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). They demonstrate understanding of the information when they state which of the following as containing the genetic viral material?

Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

A nurse is implementing appropriate infection control precautions for a client who is positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The nurse knows which body fluid is not a means of transmission?

Urine

The nurse is talking with a group of teens about transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). What body fluids does the nurse inform them will transmit the virus? Select all that apply.

blood breast milk vaginal secretions semen

Ataxia refers to

uncoordinated muscle movement.