Ch 37 & 38

At what intervals should you assess the APGAR score of a​ newborn? A. 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth B. Every 5 minutes for an unstable newborn and every 15 minutes for a stable infant C. 5 minutes and 10 minutes after birth D. 1 minute after birth and every 5 minutes thereafter

A. 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth

How much is the typical amount of menstrual flow over the duration of the menstrual​ period? A. 60 to 80 mL B. 150 mL C. 250 mL D. 10 to 15 mL

A. 60 to 80 mL

Which statement regarding limb presentation is true during​ childbirth? A. A cesarean section birth will likely be required B. There is little danger unless the umbilical cord is also protruding C. The baby is premature D. The EMT can try one time to deliver the baby

A. A cesarean section birth will likely be required

Which description characterizes an ectopic​ pregnancy? A. A fertilized ovum is implanted outside the uterine cavity and begins to develop into an embryo. B. A pregnancy that continues past the expected due date C. The fetus presents in the birth canal​ feet-down, rather than head down. D. A​ "hidden" pregnancy; a pregnancy that is not discovered until the mother goes into labor.

A. A fertilized ovum is implanted outside the uterine cavity and begins to develop into an embryo.

Despite the increase in maternal blood​ volume, the pregnant patient is​ typically: A. Anemic B. Bradycardic C. Prone to early signs of shock D. Hypertensive

A. Anemic

The EMT should recognize a​ full-term pregnancy has occurred in which​ patient? A. A​ 21-year-old woman who is 39 weeks pregnant and feeling dizzy B. A​ 33-year-old woman who is pregnant with twins and in the eighth month of pregnancy C. A​ 25-year-old woman who is 220 days into pregnancy and complaining of back pain D. A​ 40-year-old woman beginning her third trimester but whose water just broke

A. A​ 21-year-old woman who is 39 weeks pregnant and feeling dizzy

When do most women experience a decrease in the nausea and vomiting associated with hyperemesis​ gravidarum? A. Between 14 and 20 weeks B. At term C. During the first trimester D. About 2 weeks postpartum

A. Between 14 and 20 weeks

You arrive at the side of a pregnant patient in her third trimester who has had vaginal bleeding for several hours. Observation reveals several​ blood-soaked towels on the bed. She is alert and oriented with a patent airway and adequate breathing. Her pulse is 88 beats per minute and her blood pressure is​ 104/66 mmHg. In caring for this patient you​ would: A. Collect all towels with blood and transport them with the patient B. Clean the outside of the vagina with sterile water and peroxide C. Prepare her for the possibility that she may have miscarried the baby D. Provide rapid transport in a supine position

A. Collect all towels with blood and transport them with the patient

A female patient is 34 weeks​ pregnant, and you are delivering the baby. As soon as the baby is completely​ delivered, you should​ immediately: A. Dry the baby with a warm towel B. Check the​ baby's breath sounds C. Clamp and cut the cord D. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen to the baby

A. Dry the baby with a warm towel

Which single assessment finding is most consistent with a stable​ newborn? A. Heart rate of 140 beats per minute B. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute C. Respirations of 28 breaths per minute D. Facial grimace when irritated

A. Heart rate of 140 beats per minute

Why is the uterus essential to a healthy pregnancy and​ childbirth? A. It powerfully contracts to force the fetus from the​ mother's body following gestation B. It protects abdominal organs during fetal growth C. It manufactures specific blood cells needed for fetal immunity D. It permits the excretion of waste from the baby to the mother

A. It powerfully contracts to force the fetus from the​ mother's body following gestation

You arrive to find a woman in labor who has delivered the legs and body of a breech​ infant, but the head has NOT delivered. Despite ongoing​ contractions, the head does NOT deliver. What is the proper action for you to​ take? A. Place the first two fingers of one hand in the​ mother's vagina to form a​ "V" around the​ infant's mouth and nose and push the vaginal wall away from the​ infant's face. B. Cover the​ infant's body with​ wet, sterile dressings and transport. C. Instruct the mother in McRobert positioning. D. Encourage the mother to keep​ pushing, even between contractions.

A. Place the first two fingers of one hand in the​ mother's vagina to form a​ "V" around the​ infant's mouth and nose and push the vaginal wall away from the​ infant's face.

Five minutes after delivering a​ baby, the mother feels the sudden urge to push and a gush of blood comes from the vagina. Given that the mother is not delivering​ twins, which stage of labor should the EMT​ recognize? A. Placental B. Second C. Expulsion D. Fourth

A. Placental

While en route for a call involving a pregnant​ patient, an Emergency Medical Responder​ (EMR) on scene contacts you and reports that the patient is actively seizing. The EMR reports that she is seven months pregnant and per​ family, has not been feeling well for the past three days. Which instruction is critical for you to relay to the​ EMR? A. Provide oxygen at 15 liters per minute B. Place a tongue blade in the​ patient's mouth C. Determine if the patient has a seizure history D. Restrain the patient on her back or left side

A. Provide oxygen at 15 liters per minute

Which choice BEST describes the recommended plan for reassessing an obstetric patient for postpartum​ bleeding? A. Reassess throughout​ transport, regardless of the estimated amount of blood loss. B. Reassess if the initial amount of blood loss was greater than 250 mL. C. Reassessment is not necessary unless transport time is greater than 30 minutes. D. Reassessment is only necessary if the initial blood loss was greater than 500 mL.

A. Reassess throughout​ transport, regardless of the estimated amount of blood loss.

You have been dispatched to a residence for a female patient who is dizzy and​ "passing out." An Emergency Medical Responder meets you at the door and reports that the patient is lying in bed and is nine months pregnant. Her pulse rate is 112 beats per minute and her blood pressure is​ 84/50 mmHg. Respirations are 24 breaths per minute and she has a room air pulse oximetry reading of​ 97%. What should you do as soon as you reach the​ patient's side? A. Roll her onto her left side B. Determine any complications of the pregnancy C. Recheck the blood pressure D. Start positive pressure ventilation

A. Roll her onto her left side

You are assisting in a delivery of a​ 41-week, 3-day gestation infant being born to a mother with gestational diabetes. The head delivers​ normally, but then seems to retract partway back into the birth canal. Which condition should you​ suspect? A. Shoulder dystocia B. Precipitous delivery C. Postmaturity syndrome D. Nuchal cord

A. Shoulder dystocia

After positive pressure​ ventilation, a​ newborn's heart rate increases from 80 to 120 beats per minute. The EMT​ should: A. Stop positive pressure ventilation and provide​ blow-by oxygen B. Contact medical direction for instructions C. Continue positive pressure ventilation with less oxygen use D. Insert an oral airway and resume positive pressure ventilation

A. Stop positive pressure ventilation and provide​ blow-by oxygen

According to the neonatal resuscitation​ pyramid, which level of care will most newborns​ require? A. Tactile stimulation and drying B. Nursing C. ​Blow-by oxygen D. Suctioning of the nose and mouth

A. Tactile stimulation and drying

An EMT is presenting a continuing education class on the care of the pregnant female. When discussing the amniotic​ sac, he is correct to emphasize which​ point? A. The amniotic sac protects and insulates the baby during gestation B. The amniotic sac contains a fluid called​ Wharton's jelly that protects the baby while in the uterus C. The amniotic sac must rupture during the second trimester of pregnancy for the third trimester to progress D. The amniotic sac contains fluid and surrounds and protects the uterus

A. The amniotic sac protects and insulates the baby during gestation

Which statement regarding the role and function of the cervix during pregnancy is​ true? A. The cervix becomes plugged with mucus to prevent contamination of the uterus during gestation B. The​ "bloody show" comes from the cervix and confirms pregnancy in the first trimester C. The EMT can palpate the cervix to measure the contractions that the mother is having during the third trimester D. The cervix constricts near the time of delivery to prevent a premature birth

A. The cervix becomes plugged with mucus to prevent contamination of the uterus during gestation

In the process of delivering an​ infant, you notice that the umbilical cord is wrapped around the​ infant's neck. Which action is the appropriate FIRST step in managing this​ situation? A. Try to slip the cord over the​ baby's shoulders or head. B. Place the mother in​ knee-chest position with pillows to help elevate the hips. Push the​ baby's head several inches back into the birth​ canal, and cover the cord with wet sterile dressings. C. Clamp the cord in two places and cut between the clamps. D. Deliver as​ normal, but clamp and cut the cord as soon as the delivery is complete.

A. Try to slip the cord over the​ baby's shoulders or head.

Hyperemesis gravidarum may lead to A. weight loss. B. hypernatremia. C. metabolic alkalosis. D. vaginal hemorrhage.

A. weight loss.

You are transporting a female patient who is seven months pregnant. She has been diagnosed with preeclampsia and is currently hypertensive. Which statement made by the patient indicates she may be transitioning from preeclampsia to​ eclampsia? A. ​"I feel like I am going to have a​ seizure." B. ​"I have gained 10 pounds just this​ month." C. ​"I think that I may have to​ vomit." D. ​"My legs and feet are more​ swollen."

A. ​"I feel like I am going to have a​ seizure."

You are transporting a young female who just had a miscarriage at home. During the transport the woman weeps continually. Which statement is most appropriate given the​ situation? A. ​"Is there anything that I can do to help you right​ now?" B. ​"If you want another​ child, wait a few months and then get pregnant​ again." C. ​"I think in the long run you will be okay and things will work​ out." D. ​"It is best to stay​ strong; your other child needs your​ support."

A. ​"Is there anything that I can do to help you right​ now?"

Which statement made by a pregnant patient in labor should be of most concern to the​ EMT? A. ​"My water broke two days​ ago." B. ​"The contractions seem to last about 20​ seconds." C. ​"I have terrible pains in my lower​ back." D. ​"I just passed a lot of blood and​ mucus."

A. ​"My water broke two days​ ago."

You are caring for a newborn that has central​ cyanosis, weak muscle​ tone, a weak​ cry, a heart rate of 120 per​ minute, and a slight facial grimace. What would be the calculated APGAR​ score, and the indicated​ intervention? A. ​5; dry,​ stimulate, and provide​ blow-by oxygen B. ​4; begin BVM ventilations and chest compressions C. ​7; warm,​ dry, and stimulate D. ​5; begin BVM ventilations

A. ​5; dry,​ stimulate, and provide​ blow-by oxygen

What would the minimum expected preductal SpO2 reading be at one minute after​ birth? A. 0.94 B. 0.6 C. 0.8 D. 0.85

B. 0.6

A pregnant​ 22-year-old female patient is unsure of her due date. The fundus is felt at the xiphoid process. What is the estimated gestational​ age? A. 26 weeks B. 38 weeks C. 32 weeks D. 20 weeks

B. 38 weeks

Which step is included in proper emergency medical care of a patient in active labor in which a normal delivery is​ anticipated? A. Have the mother lay flat on her back and place her hands behind her knees to pull them back toward her shoulders as far as possible. B. As the head​ emerges, place your palm lightly over the head to prevent explosive delivery. C. Position the mother on her left side with her right hip and knee flexed. D. As the shoulders begin to​ emerge, guide the baby gently upward to deliver the lower shoulder first.

B. As the head​ emerges, place your palm lightly over the head to prevent explosive delivery.

It has been 30 minutes and the placenta has yet to deliver. The EMT​ should: A. Apply gentle traction to the protruding umbilical cord B. Continue to monitor the mother and baby C. Place the mother in a​ knee-chest position D. Move the mother into a​ side-lying position

B. Continue to monitor the mother and baby

Upon arrival at the home of a woman in​ labor, a midwife on scene tells you the patient is 7 cm dilated and is complaining of painful contractions. Which stage of labor should the EMT​ identify? A. Expulsion B. First stage C. Third stage D. Uterine

B. First stage

You are assessing a female patient who informs you that she has been pregnant four times before but delivered only once. What would be a correct way to document that information on the prehospital care​ report? A. Gravida​ III; para I B. Gravida​ IV; para I C. Para​ III; gravida I D. Para​ IV; gravida I

B. Gravida​ IV; para I

After the EMT observes that secretions are interfering with the​ baby's breathing, which action indicates that the EMT is properly suctioning the​ newborn? A. He suctions the nose​ first, followed by the mouth B. He squeezes the bulb syringe prior to placing it in the​ baby's nose C. He uses the portable suction unit on the​ "high" setting D. He inserts the bulb syringe deep into the oropharynx to get thick secretions

B. He squeezes the bulb syringe prior to placing it in the​ baby's nose

You observe meconium staining upon the delivery of a newly born baby. Which of these is an indication for​ suctioning? A. Good cry B. Heart rate of 90 C. Vigorous activity D. Adequate respirations

B. Heart rate of 90

A female patient has acute onset of​ right-sided abdominal​ pain, describes it as​ sharp, and rates it as​ 9/10. The primary survey reveals no life​ threats, but her skin is cool and diaphoretic. She states that she has been going to the bathroom more and is worried because her father has diabetes. Her last period was nine weeks​ ago, and she has a history of irregular periods. Her heart rate is 122​ beats/min, respirations are 20​ breaths/min, blood pressure is​ 138/68 mmHg, and SpO2 is​ 97%. In this​ scenario, which bit of information is of most concern to the​ EMT? A. Family history of diabetes B. Last period nine weeks ago C. Periods irregular in nature D. Increased urination

B. Last period nine weeks ago

Which action demonstrates that the EMT is correctly performing uterine​ massage? A. She places her hands on the upper abdomen and pushes the uterus toward the pelvis B. One hand cups the top of the​ uterus, with one of the hands positioned just above the symphysis pubis C. Both hands are positioned at the symphysis pubis and she pushes with an upward motion D. She uses the lower palms of both hands to firmly press downward on the uterus

B. One hand cups the top of the​ uterus, with one of the hands positioned just above the symphysis pubis

A female patient who is eight and a half months pregnant states that she does not feel well and is weak with clammy skin. She denies chest​ pain, shortness of​ breath, and dizziness. She states that she did vomit earlier in the morning and still feels somewhat nauseated. She is alert and oriented and has a patent airway. She is breathing 18 times per minute and has a heart rate of 88 beats per minute. Her blood pressure is​ 116/70 mmHg and her SpO2 reading is​ 95% on room air. The most appropriate care for this patient should​ include: A. Rapid transport to a hospital with specialized obstetric services B. Oxygen at 15 lpm via a nonrebreather face mask C. ​Refusal-of-transport form signed with suggested​ follow-up with her obstetrician D. Quiet and calm transport in the supine position

B. Oxygen at 15 lpm via a nonrebreather face mask

Prior to​ delivery, the EMT prepares to create a sterile field around the​ patient's vaginal opening. This is best accomplished​ by: A. Using a sheet from the​ patient's bed to cover her abdomen and groin B. Placing a sheet from the OB kit under the​ patient's hips and another over her abdomen and legs C. Using towels from the​ patient's residence to wrap each leg and cover her abdomen D. Placing sheets from the OB kit over both the​ patient's legs and her abdomen

B. Placing a sheet from the OB kit under the​ patient's hips and another over her abdomen and legs

During which abnormal birth presentation is it permissible for the EMT to place a gloved hand into the vaginal​ canal? A. Limb presentation B. Prolapsed umbilical cord C. Placenta previa D. Multiple birth delivery

B. Prolapsed umbilical cord

A​ 33-year-old pregnant female patient is in her 24th week of gestation. She experienced a seizure prior to your arrival. How should the patient be positioned for transport​ (select BEST​ answer)? A. ​Semi-Fowler B. Right hip elevated C. Trendelenburg D. Supine

B. Right hip elevated

Which action should be taken immediately if you see that an infant has a nuchal​ cord? A. Cut the cord in two places and cut between the clamps. B. Slip the cord over the​ infant's shoulder or head right away. C. Continue to monitor the cord to ensure the​ infant's limbs do not become entangled in it. D. Place a single umbilical clamp on the cord and cut on the side proximal to the infant.

B. Slip the cord over the​ infant's shoulder or head right away.

Which event reliably occurs during the second stage of​ labor? A. The bag of waters breaks B. The infant is delivered. C. Loss of the mucus plug D. Delivery of the placenta

B. The infant is delivered.

The EMT would use the sterile scissors found in the OB kit to​ cut: A. The​ patient's clothing B. The umbilical cord C. Towels to create a sterile field D. The amniotic sac if it is not yet ruptured

B. The umbilical cord

You have been called to a crisis shelter for a patient possibly having a baby. On​ scene, you find an older female patient who is developmentally challenged and cannot communicate normally. Staff states that the patient just came to the shelter and they know nothing about​ her, other than that she is pregnant. Assessment reveals​ crowning, and you proceed to deliver what appears to be a healthy baby boy. When assessing the mother after​ delivery, which finding should increase your suspicion that the woman may be carrying​ twins? A. The mother continues to bleed vaginally B. The​ mother's abdomen remains large after delivery of the first baby C. The​ woman's abdomen becomes soft and boggy following delivery D. A large placenta is delivered within seconds of the first baby

B. The​ mother's abdomen remains large after delivery of the first baby

At 40 weeks​ gestation, the fundus A. moves above the xiphoid process. B. drops below the xiphoid process. C. holds steady at the xiphoid process. D. moves suddenly to the umbilicus.

B. drops below the xiphoid process.

Postpartum hemorrhage is most commonly associated with A. delivery of a small baby. B. failure of the uterus to regain muscle tone. C. internal trauma. D. external trauma.

B. failure of the uterus to regain muscle tone.

You are attempting to stimulate a newborn. Drying and tactile stimulation has been unsuccessful. You should next administer A. ventilations. B. oxygen. C. suctioning. D. chest compressions.

B. oxygen.

The EMT shows that he can accurately differentiate placenta previa from abruptio placentae when he​ states: A. ​"The blood lost with placenta previa is dark​ red; the color of blood associated with abruptio placentae is bright​ red." B. ​"Bleeding associated with abruptio placentae is typically associated with abdominal​ pain; bleeding associated with placenta previa is​ painless." C. ​"Abruptio placentae rarely results in the death of the​ baby; the mortality rate of placenta previa is​ high." D. ​"Abruptio placentae typically occurs in the first and second​ trimesters; placenta previa occurs in the third​ trimester."

B. ​"Bleeding associated with abruptio placentae is typically associated with abdominal​ pain; bleeding associated with placenta previa is​ painless."

You have been called for a​ 16-year-old female with vaginal bleeding. On​ scene, you determine the patient to be pregnant and bleeding for 3 hours. Which statement would indicate proper care of the​ patient? A. ​"I know that it is​ uncomfortable, but try to keep your legs apart so the blood can flow out of your​ body." B. ​"I am going to put this sanitary pad between your legs to collect the​ blood." C. ​"I am going to place this piece of sterile gauze into your vagina to try to stop the​ bleeding." D. ​"I am going to insert my gloved hand into your vagina and apply pressure to try to stop the bleeding from the​ inside."

B. ​"I am going to put this sanitary pad between your legs to collect the​ blood."

The EMT shows an understanding of newborn resuscitation when she states​ (select BEST​ answer): A. ​"Most newborns require aggressive resuscitation immediately after​ birth." B. ​"Interventions in a newborn should be performed for 60 seconds followed by​ reassessment." C. ​"The EMT must use​ high-concentration oxygen sparingly because it can be toxic to a​ baby." D. ​"CPR should be provided only when the baby is​ unresponsive, apneic, and​ pulseless."

B. ​"Interventions in a newborn should be performed for 60 seconds followed by​ reassessment."

The EMT would recognize which neonate as​ premature? A. A baby weighing 6 pounds 2 ounces born at 38 weeks B. A baby weighing 8 pounds 6 ounces born at 41 weeks C. A baby weighing 7 pounds 4 ounces born at 36 weeks D. A baby weighing 8 pounds 6 ounces born at 39 weeks

C. A baby weighing 7 pounds 4 ounces born at 36 weeks

A female patient tells you that she is 38 weeks pregnant. Where would you expect to palpate the top of the uterus during your​ exam? A. At the level of the 12th rib B. At the level of the iliac crest C. At the level of the xiphoid process D. At the level of the umbilicus

C. At the level of the xiphoid process

Assessment of a pregnant patient in labor reveals what appears to be the​ baby's buttocks presenting at the vaginal opening. The EMT would​ immediately: A. Place both hands on the abdomen and attempt to turn the baby into a​ head-down position B. Put the patient in​ semi-Fowler's position on the stretcher and immediately transport C. Attempt to delay delivery of the fetus until arrival at a hospital with OB services D. Lay the patient on her left side and administer​ high-concentration oxygen

C. Attempt to delay delivery of the fetus until arrival at a hospital with OB services

When do the signs and symptoms of hyperemesis gravidarum usually​ begin? A. Between 10 and 12 weeks of pregnancy B. Between 7 and 9 weeks of pregnancy C. Between 4 and 6 weeks of pregnancy D. Between 1 and 3 weeks of pregnancy

C. Between 4 and 6 weeks of pregnancy

You have been called to a residence for a​ 21-year-old female in labor. On​ arrival, you immediately see that the head of the baby is out of the vagina. While delivering the​ head, the mother tells you that she is having twins. The EMT should​ immediately: A. Provide​ blow-by oxygen to the baby B. Place the patient on her left side C. Call for another EMS crew D. Place the patient on the stretcher for transport

C. Call for another EMS crew

You are in the process of performing a field delivery and have just delivered the​ baby's head. What should you do​ next? A. Suction the​ baby's mouth, and then the nose B. Turn the baby clockwise and continue delivery C. Check the neck for the umbilical cord D. Suction the​ baby's nose, and then the mouth

C. Check the neck for the umbilical cord

Which of these is accurate regarding hypovolemic shock of a pregnant​ patient? A. Blood will be shunted away from the mother to the fetus. B. A smaller amount of blood loss than normal will result in shock. C. Early signs and symptoms of shock may be masked. D. Initial indications of shock are obvious.

C. Early signs and symptoms of shock may be masked.

A​ 32-year-old female complains of the sudden onset of sharp pain to the left side of her abdomen. She denies any medical history and when​ asked, admits to being sexually active. Her last menstrual period was two months ago. As an​ EMT, you should immediately​ suspect: A. Mittelschmerz B. Abruptio placentae C. Ectopic pregnancy D. Pelvic inflammatory disease

C. Ectopic pregnancy

Your patient is a​ 26-year-old GI P0​ (gravida I, para​ 0) with contractions 3 minutes​ apart, lasting 60 to 90 seconds each. She asks you if she can get up to use the bathroom before transport. Which action should you​ take? A. Assist the patient in getting up and let her know you will be right outside the bathroom if she needs anything. B. Explain that it is not possible to allow her to go to the restroom and place her on the stretcher for transport. C. Explain to the mother that the sensation might indicate she is close to delivery and that you need to check to see if the​ baby's head is in the birth canal. D. Explain that it is a normal sensation that will go away as birth gets closer.

C. Explain to the mother that the sensation might indicate she is close to delivery and that you need to check to see if the​ baby's head is in the birth canal.

During a continuing education session on​ OB/GYN topics, the EMT would recognize which statement about the umbilical cord as​ true? A. It produces hormones for the baby B. It connects the placenta and the uterus C. It contains one vein and two arteries D. It detoxifies blood before its delivery to the baby

C. It contains one vein and two arteries

When cutting the umbilical​ cord, how should the baby be​ positioned? A. Upright and on the​ mother's chest​ (if possible) B. Prone and in a​ head-down position C. Level with the​ mother's uterus D. Six inches below the vaginal opening

C. Level with the​ mother's uterus

You have been dispatched for a young female in labor. On​ arrival, you find an arm protruding from the vagina. What should you do​ next? A. Insert a gloved hand into the vagina to locate the​ baby's head B. Attempt to replace the arm into the vaginal canal C. Place the mother in a​ knee-chest position D. Have the mother push when she feels a contraction

C. Place the mother in a​ knee-chest position

A​ 31-year-old female is in labor. After ensuring her​ airway, breathing, and​ circulation, you assess her perineum and observe the umbilical cord protruding from the vagina.​ However, the baby is not visible. Your next action would be​ to: A. Gently pull the cord to assist in delivery B. Place a​ saline-soaked dressing over the cord C. Place the patient in a​ knee-chest position D. Carefully place the cord back inside the vagina

C. Place the patient in a​ knee-chest position

You are completing the delivery of a near term baby boy when you notice that the fluid expelled with the baby is greenish brown. At this point you​ should: A. Suction the nose and mouth B. Immediately begin positive pressure ventilation C. Quickly suction the nose and mouth only if the​ newborn's condition is depressed D. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen

C. Quickly suction the nose and mouth only if the​ newborn's condition is depressed

You are by the side of a​ 19-year-old female who is 36 weeks pregnant. When assessing this​ patient, which finding best indicates that she is in preterm​ labor? A. Feeling nauseated with each contraction B. Complaint of lower back pain C. Rupture of the amniotic sac D. Contractions 12 minutes apart

C. Rupture of the amniotic sac

While delivering a baby in the​ field, the EMT notices that the baby is covered with a​ green-brown liquid. The EMT should immediately recognize​ that: A. The baby is premature and covered with vernix B. There is an infection in the amniotic membrane and fluid C. The baby was distressed and may be hypoxic D. The amniotic sac has yet to rupture

C. The baby was distressed and may be hypoxic

Which statement BEST describes the third stage of​ labor? A. The​ infant's head appears at the opening of the birth canal. B. The infant is completely delivered. C. The placenta is expelled from the uterus. D. The amniotic sac ruptures

C. The placenta is expelled from the uterus.

A pregnant​ 26-year-old female patient is experiencing vaginal bleeding. You should treat the bleeding by A. palpating the area for injury. B. lightly packing the vagina with gauze. C. placing a sanitary pad over the vagina. D. elevating the​ patient's hips.

C. placing a sanitary pad over the vagina.

The EMT shows that he understands care of the​ post-delivery mother when he​ states: A. ​"Post-delivery hemorrhage can best be controlled by inserting a bulky dressing into the​ vagina." B. ​"If blood is observed coming from the vagina after the baby has been​ delivered, the mother should be placed in the shock​ position." C. ​"Allowing the baby to nurse immediately after delivery can help to control uterine​ bleeding." D. ​"We should be concerned if there is any bleeding from the vagina following​ delivery."

C. ​"Allowing the baby to nurse immediately after delivery can help to control uterine​ bleeding."

A woman informs you that she is eight months pregnant and fatigues easily. She is apprehensive because when she lies​ down, she gets dizzy and feels as though she is going to vomit. What is the​ EMT's best​ response? A. ​"You should really call your doctor. During the eighth month of​ pregnancy, energy levels usually​ increase." B. ​"As long as the baby is still​ moving, you are okay. Just try to get through one more​ month." C. ​"Check with your​ obstetrician, but you may want to rest and sleep on your left​ side." D. ​"We really need to get to the hospital right away to make sure that your baby is okay. This does not sound​ good."

C. ​"Check with your​ obstetrician, but you may want to rest and sleep on your left​ side."

When​ asked, a young female with abdominal pain replies that she is not sure if she is pregnant. Given this​ response, which question would provide the best information to determine if the patient may be​ pregnant? A. ​"Have you been vomiting in the​ morning?" B. ​"Do you feel pressure in your belly​ area?" C. ​"When was your last normal menstrual​ period?" D. ​"Does it feel like the last time you were​ pregnant?"

C. ​"When was your last normal menstrual​ period?"

Approximately how much of the​ mother's blood volume does the pregnant uterus​ hold? A. ​One-eighth B. ​One-half C. ​One-sixth D. ​One-quarter

C. ​One-sixth

The preductal SpO2 reading will continue to increase within the first A. 7 minutes. B. 2 minutes. C. 5 minutes. D. 10 minutes.

D. 10 minutes.

After a normal​ delivery, up to what amount of blood loss is​ normal? A. ​1,000 mL B. 250 mL C. 700 mL D. 500 mL

D. 500 mL

The expected preductal SpO2 3 minutes after birth is A. 75 percent to 80 percent. B. 60 percent to 65 percent. C. 65 percent to 70 percent. D. 70 percent to 75 percent.

D. 70 percent to 75 percent.

You have been called for a​ 35-year-old female who is experiencing vaginal spotting. The patient states that she has noted the discharge of blood from her vagina and is concerned because she is 36 weeks pregnant. She has also experienced some abdominal​ pain, which she describes as​ "sharp." Your assessment reveals bleeding as noted and tenderness on palpation just right to the midline of her abdomen. Her pulse is 122​ beats/min, respirations are 22​ breaths/min, blood pressure is​ 118/82 mmHg, SpO2 is​ 96%, and oral temperature is 97.3°F. Based on this​ presentation, you​ would: A. Provide​ low-concentration oxygen and nonemergently transport the patient B. Place the patient in a supine position and immediately transport her C. Massage the​ abdomen, provide​ high-concentration oxygen, and nonemergently transport the patient D. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen and immediately transport

D. Administer​ high-concentration oxygen and immediately transport the patient

You have just delivered an infant who had light meconium staining. He has vigorous activity and a strong cry. What is the CORRECT approach to managing this​ situation? A. Call for an ALS unit to care for the infant. B. First dry and stimulate the​ infant, then use a bulb syringe to aggressively suction the mouth and nose. C. Before drying and stimulating the​ infant, use a bulb syringe to aggressively suction the mouth and nose. D. Avoid suctioning this infant.

D. Avoid suctioning this infant.

Which statement regarding the normal physiological changes of pregnancy to the​ mother's reproductive system is​ accurate? A. The fertilized ovum implants in the cervical os. B. The placenta forms over the os cervix to prevent infection of the fetus. C. By the end of​ pregnancy, the uterus weighs about six pounds. D. By the end of​ pregnancy, about​ one-sixth of the​ mother's blood flow goes to the uterus.

D. By the end of​ pregnancy, about​ one-sixth of the​ mother's blood flow goes to the uterus.

Which of these may indicate the need to prepare for multiple​ deliveries? A. The​ infant's size is large in proportion to the​ mother's abdomen. B. Uterine contractions are slow after the first delivery. C. The​ mother's abdomen is small after the first delivery. D. Contractions continue to be strong after the first delivery.

D. Contractions continue to be strong after the first delivery.

Your patient is a​ 32-year-old woman who has a​ 3-day history of​ diffuse, dull abdominal pain that suddenly became sharp and located in the lower right quadrant. She states the pain radiates to her right shoulder. She is​ alert, but complains of​ light-headedness and has​ pale, cool skin with slight diaphoresis. She denies vaginal bleeding. With which condition is your​ patient's presentation MOST​ consistent? A. Spontaneous abortion B. Placenta previa C. Preeclampsia D. Ectopic pregnancy

D. Ectopic pregnancy

What is the greatest risk of precipitous​ delivery? A. The infant may be small and​ immature, requiring specialized care. B. Prolonged labor can render the mother unable to push effectively. C. The shoulders can become wedged behind the​ mother's pubic bone. D. Increased risk of fetal and maternal trauma.

D. Increased risk of fetal and maternal trauma.

As soon as the baby is delivered from the vaginal​ canal, it is critical that the EMT​ immediately: A. Obtain a pulse oximetry reading from the​ newborn's right hand B. Perform the Apgar assessment C. Clamp and cut the umbilical cord D. Initiate drying and warming of the newborn

D. Initiate drying and warming of the newborn

When should the EMT use the Apgar scoring system on a​ newborn? A. Just prior to delivery and then five minutes after delivery B. Before and after the baby is dried and warmed C. Ten minutes after birth and then at 20​ minutes, if needed D. One and five minutes after the baby has been delivered

D. One and five minutes after the baby has been delivered

After​ delivery, you note blood still escaping from the​ mother's vagina. The sanitary pads that you placed earlier between her legs continue to become soaked. Your next action would be​ to: A. Transport with lights and sirens B. Insert sterile gauze into the vaginal canal C. Place the mother on her left side D. Perform a uterine massage

D. Perform a uterine massage

You have arrived at the side of a​ 35-year-old female who is 37 weeks pregnant and in labor. Your exam reveals crowning with contractions 60 seconds apart. Your immediate action would be​ to: A. Place the patient on the cot in the left lateral recumbent​ position, and then proceed with emergency transport B. Have the patient hold her legs​ together, and then move her to the ambulance for delivery of the baby C. Obtain vital​ signs, and then move the patient to the ambulance for a nonemergency transport D. Place the patient on her​ back, and then open and prepare the OB kit

D. Place the patient on her​ back, and then open and prepare the OB kit

Which organ allows for​ nutrient, waste, and oxygen exchange between the mother and the developing​ fetus? A. Endometrium B. Amniotic sac C. Fundus D. Placenta

D. Placenta

Which sign or symptom is associated with​ eclampsia? A. Painless vaginal bleeding B. Hyperglycemia C. Supine hypotensive syndrome D. Seizures

D. Seizures

A female patient is described as primigravida.​ Consequently, the EMT would recognize​ that: A. She has been pregnant before but miscarried B. She has never been pregnant C. She has only one child D. She is pregnant for the first time

D. She is pregnant for the first time

When faced with the possibility of delivering​ twins, the EMT must remember​ that: A. Twins are typically born after 40​ weeks' gestation, making them larger B. There will be only one umbilical cord that needs to be cut C. Both babies are typically in the vaginal canal at the same time D. The second infant may be born breech

D. The second infant may be born breech

How long can postpartum hemorrhage occur after​ delivery? A. Up to 1 week B. Up to 3 weeks C. Up to 4 weeks D. Up to 2 weeks

D. Up to 2 weeks

Thin, flexible tubes that extend from the uterus toward the ovaries are​ called: A. ovarian ligaments. B. ureters. C. ovarian tubes. D. fallopian tubes.

D. fallopian tubes.

The female sex glands are​ called: A. fallopian tubes. B. uteri. C. cervices. D. ovaries.

D. ovaries.

You assisted with the delivery of a preterm baby. The newborn is apneic and you see fluid in the airway. You should first A. initiate oxygen therapy. B. provide ventilations. C. start chest compressions. D. provide suction.

D. provide suction.

The EMT shows that he understands the seriousness of a prolapsed umbilical cord when he​ states: A. ​"A baby can bleed to death inside the uterus if the cord is compressed for more than 10​ minutes." B. ​"The priority when treating a patient with a prolapsed umbilical cord is keeping the cord​ moist." C. ​"If the cord is observed protruding from the​ vagina, it should be clamped and cut​ immediately." D. ​"A prolapsed cord that is pinched can stop the flow of oxygen to the baby and must be addressed​ immediately."

D. ​"A prolapsed cord that is pinched can stop the flow of oxygen to the baby and must be addressed​ immediately."

You are caring for an emotionally distraught female who just suffered a miscarriage. During​ transport, which statement would be the most appropriate one for the EMT to make to the​ patient? A. ​"Maybe at some time in the​ future, you can get pregnant again and things will turn out​ okay." B. ​"It is better to have this happen at 5 weeks instead of 25​ weeks." C. ​"Let's just think of the two beautiful children whom you have at​ home." D. ​"I really do not know what to say but let me know how I can help​ you."

D. ​"I really do not know what to say but let me know how I can help​ you."

Which statement regarding the​ placenta, made by your EMT partner while reviewing the​ OB/GYN protocols, is most​ accurate? A. ​"The EMT must deliver the placenta by applying gentle pressure to the abdomen after the baby has been​ born." B. ​"The placenta is full of bacteria and should not be transported in the ambulance near the​ baby." C. ​"It is essential that the mother not be moved until the placenta has been​ delivered." D. ​"The placenta typically delivers itself within 20 minutes of the birth of the​ baby."

D. ​"The placenta typically delivers itself within 20 minutes of the birth of the​ baby."

How many newborns will require a level of care that falls below the top tier of the neonatal resuscitation​ pyramid? A. Approximately half B. ​80% C. One in twenty D. ​20%

D. ​20%

By the time a fetus reaches full​ term, the tidal volume of the female has increased​ by: A. The tidal volume remains the same but the rate increases by​ 30% B. ​25% C. ​15% D. ​40%

D. ​40%

What are the stages of labor in the order in which they​ occur? A. ​Uterine, expulsion,​ placental, and recovery B. ​Uterine, delivery, and recovery C. ​Dilation, delivery,​ placental, and afterbirth D. ​Dilation, expulsion, and placental delivery

D. ​Dilation, expulsion, and placental delivery