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an antifeminist backlash led by Phyllis Schlafly stirred sufficient opposition to stop it.
escalating divorce rates.
Perhaps Richard Nixon's most valuable asset as he began his presidency in 1969 was his
expertise in foreign affairs.
The top-secret Pentagon Papers, leaked and published in 1971
exposed the deception that had led the United States into the Vietnam War.
While most of the social movements born in the 1960s declined or disappeared, one that continued and gained even greater momentum in the 1970s was the
feminist movement.
In 1976, President Gerald Ford won the Republican nomination by defeating a strong challenge from
former California governor Ronald Reagan.
The Supreme Court's Miranda and Escobedo decisions came under sharp attack from many conservatives because they
guaranteed the rights of criminal suspects against mistreatment by the police.
Richard Nixon tried to resist giving his taped conversations to the special prosecutor and the Congress by claiming that
he had executive privilege (confidentiality).
The SALT II Treaty between the Soviet Union and the United States died in the Senate when the Soviets
invaded Afghanistan.
The Helsinki accords, signed by Gerald Ford and leaders of thirty-four other nations,
legitimated Soviet-dictated boundaries in Eastern Europe, while spawning human rights efforts there.
The first major trouble to afflict President Carter's foreign policy was the
ominous reheating of the Cold War with the Soviet Union.
The most controversial action of Gerald Ford's presidency was
pardoning Nixon for any known or unknown crimes he had committed while president.
The list of Nixon illegal administration activities uncovered in the Watergate scandal included all of the following except
paying Supreme Court justices to write favorable opinions.
The effect of the Supreme Court ruling in Milliken v. Bradley, which held that integration did not have to take place across school district lines, was to
reinforce the division between poorer, minority inner city schools and nearly all-white suburbs.
In response to Congress's attempt to stop him from continuing the bombing of Cambodia, President Nixon
repeatedly vetoed Congress's bills to halt the attacks.
The 1973 War Powers Act
required presidential reporting and congressional approval of extended troop commitments.
The Supreme Court, under Chief Justice Earl Warren, outraged religious conservatives in 1962-1963 when it
ruled that prayer and Bible reading in public schools violated the First Amendment.
Richard Nixon's southern strategy included the policy of
soft-pedaling civil rights and opposing school busing to achieve racial balance.
When it came to welfare programs, Richard Nixon
supported significant expansion in many areas.
The difference between Lyndon Johnson's affirmative action programs and those of Richard Nixon was
that Johnson intended to help individuals, but Nixon conferred privileges on groups.
All of the following were created during Richard Nixon's presidency except
the Medicare program.
When the North Vietnamese launched a full-scale invasion of South Vietnam in 1975,
the South Vietnamese government quickly collapsed.
In 1973, the American public was shocked to learn that
the U.S. Air Force had been secretly bombing Cambodia since 1969.
The poor economic performance of the 1970s brought an abrupt end to
the liberal dream that affluent American could spend its way to social justice.
Despite his political skills and foreign policy knowledge, Richard Nixon harbored deep and bitter resentments against
the liberal establishment that had fought him throughout his career.
The people of the United States had provided just about everything for South Vietnam except
the will to win the war.
Richard Nixon's policy of détente
ushered in an era of relaxed tensions between the United States and the two leading communist powers, China and the Soviet Union.
In response to the energy crisis in 1973-1974
A,B,E
Results of the Cambodian incursion ordered by President Nixon in 1970 included
A,C,D
American Indian activists brought attention to their cause in the 1970s by seizing
Alcatraz Island and Wounded Knee, South Dakota.
Signs that the Cold War was thawing a bit in the early 1970s included
B,C,E
Congressman Gerald Ford had become vice president of the United States when
Spiro Agnew resigned on corruption charges and Nixon appointed Ford under the Twenty-Fifth Amendment.
One reason for the end of the postwar economic boom in the 1970s was
a drastic decline in worker productivity.
Lyndon Johnson's insistence on fighting the Vietnam War and funding the Great Society without a tax increase to pay for them led to
a drastic inflation of prices in the 1970s.
President Nixon's policy of Vietnamization of the war in Vietnam called for
a gradual handover of the ground war to the South Vietnamese.
In Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court upheld a married couple's right to use contraceptives based on
a right to privacy.
The "boat people" were
a second wave of Vietnamese people who sought to escape oppressive communist regimes for freedom.
The proposed Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), passed by Congress in 1972 and eventually ratified by 35 states, stated the following
"Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state on the basis of sex."
On which of the following issues did most second wave feminists agree?
Abortion rights
As a result of U.S. support for Israel in 1973, when it was attacked by Egypt and Syria
Arab nations placed an embargo on oil to America.
During hearings in 1974, the House Judiciary Committee adopted impeachment articles charging President Nixon with
B,C,D
The Nixon administration still reflected a staunch anticommunist policy when it engaged in covert operations to overthrow the elected leftist government of
Chile.
The shaky agreement that brought an end to American fighting in Vietnam in January 1973 represented
a thinly disguised American retreat.
The first wave of feminism grew out of the ____ movement, and the second wave of feminism grew out of the ____ movement.
abolitionist; civil rights
The Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) failed to be ratified by the needed 38 states largely because
an antifeminist backlash led by Phyllis Schlafly stirred sufficient opposition to stop it.
While president, Jimmy Carter
A,B,C,D
Under Chief Justice Earl Warren, the Supreme Court handed down rulings to
A,B,D
The Nixon Doctrine proclaimed that
America's Asian allies would have to fight their wars without large numbers of American troops.
President Jimmy Carter's most spectacular foreign-policy achievement was the
Camp David agreement between Israel and Egypt.
Title IX was passed by Congress in 1972 to
prohibit sex discrimination in any federally funded education program or activity.
The oil shocks of the 1970s brought home to Americans the stunning fact that
their economy was increasingly dependent on foreign trade and the global economy.
The Environmental Protection Agency and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration aroused bitter opposition among many business people because
they directly involved the federal government in many aspects of business decision making.
In 1971, a group of Vietnam War veterans in the U.S.
tossed their medals in front of the Capital building to protest against the war.
President Nixon's chief foreign policy adviser, throughout his administration, was
Henry Kissinger.
The most humiliating failure during the Iran hostage crisis came when
President Carter's attempted mission to rescue the hostages ended in disaster.
The ____ Amendment ____ the voting age to ____.
Twenty-Sixth; lowered; eighteen
President Carter believed that the fundamental problem of the American economy in the late 1970s was
U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
Richard Nixon's Vietnam policy included all of the following except
Vietnamization.
Richard Nixon's legislation guaranteeing that Social Security raises would be indexed to guarantee against inflation
actually contributed to increased inflation in the 1970s.
America's strong support for Israel in the 1973 Arab-Israeli War led to
an OPEC oil boycott of the United States and a subsequent energy crisis and recession.
George McGovern, the Democratic nominee for the presidency in 1972, alienated the traditional working-class backbone of the Democratic party
by appealing to racial minorities, feminists, and youth.
President Carter's malaise speech was notable for
chiding Americans for falling into a moral and spiritual crisis in their quest to acquire material goods.
President Nixon's 1970 invasion of Cambodia led to
dramatic new waves of bitter domestic protest against the war.
James Earl (Jimmy) Carter enjoyed considerable popularity when he won the presidency because
his emphasis on honesty contrasted with the corruptions of Watergate.
The guiding principle of President Carter's foreign policy was
human rights.
To control creeping inflation in the early 1970s, President Richard Nixon
imposed a ninety-day wage and price freeze.
The most explosive domestic controversy of the 1970s centered around issues of
race.
The Supreme Court, in the Bakke case, held that
racial quotas were unconstitutional but race could be taken into account as one factor in college admissions.
Jimmy Carter quickly found himself in political trouble because he
relied too heavily on a small circle of Georgia advisers.
Richard Nixon's Philadelphia Plan
required construction trade unions to establish timetables and goals for hiring black apprentices.
As part of the cease-fire agreement in Vietnam in 1973
the United States withdrew all its troops from Vietnam.
The American armed forces in Vietnam were composed largely of
the least privileged young Americans.
The Supreme Court case of Roe v. Wade declared state laws prohibiting abortion were unconstitutional because they
violated a woman's constitutional right to privacy in her own person.
Although the median income of American families stagnated from 1970s to 1990, the reason it didn't decline was
wives' wages maintained the family income.
