Ch 4 mastering bio

What are the final product of photosynthesis

02, sugar, ADP, NADP+

Predict how many molecules of carbon dioxide are produced from the mitochondrial burning of one molecule of glucose

6

Which of the following equations represents photosynthesis

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Choose the pencil that has the lowest potential energy.

A pencil laying on the ground

Which energy rich molecules produced by cellular respiration directly Powers cell work

ATP

Which of the following is a common energy currency in living cells that powers most living organisms

ATP

The food you eat is process during cellular respiration to produce stored chemical energy in the form of

ATP CO2 water

What two molecules are produced by the light reactions and usedTo power the Calvin cycle

ATP and NADPH

Organize the following steps of the light reaction in order

Absorb sunlight, split water to release electron, produce oxygen as a by-product, capture energy in ATP and NADPH

She's the best explanation as to why both consumers and producers perform cellular respiration

Although they may obtain their sugars in different ways both consumers and producers rely on cellular respiration to make ATP

What connects to photosystems in the light reactions

And electron transport chain

Which of the following can carry out photosynthesis

Bacteria plants seaweed

How does ATP release energy that can be used in living cells

By breaking a bond within an ATP molecule

What is the chemical equation for glucose

C6H12O6

What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration?

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy

Which process produces glycerdehyde 3-phosphate

Calvin cycle

What provide the carbon atoms that are incorporated into sugar molecules in the Calvin cycle

Carbon dioxide

Plastids our storage organelles a chloroplast is a type of plastid what does a chloroplast store

Chlorophyll

What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight.

Which of the following organelles does photosynthesis take place

Chloroplast

What is a photosystem?

Clusters of pigments and proteins that capture light energy

We use energy in many ways. Describe one thing we cannot do to energy.

Destroy it

For what purpose does a plant use the sugars produced during photosynthesis

For making cellulose for storage for cellular respiration

How do we know green light is absorbed by chlorophyll

Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplast

What provides electrons for the light reactions

H2O

Unlike the Citric Acid cycle and electron transport, glycolysis occurs _____.

In thecytoplasm

What is the role of light in photosynthesis

It energizes electrons

Which of the following statements about heat is false

It is a highly organized form of energy.

Identify the role of oxygen in photosynthesis

It is a waste product in the light reactions.

Identify the role of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis

It is split to become incorporated into sugars.

Identify the role of water in photosynthesis

It is the initial electron releaser when split

What happens to the ATP molecule after it has been used to do work

It loses a phosphate group and is converted to ADP.

Respiration is called aerobic because

It requires oxygen

In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA Formation the cirtic acid cycle and the electron transport chain

Mitochondrion

What transports electrons from the light reactions to the Calvin cycle

NADPH

What is the role of chloroplast in animals

None, as animals do not have chloroplast

Alcohol is a waste product produced by yeast in the presence of sugar in the absence of

O2

Which of the following is a waste product of photosynthesis

O2

Which processes can be carried out by consumers

Only cellular respiration

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?

Oxygen accepts high-energy electrons after they are stripped from glucose.

Water behind a dam has a certain amount of stored energy that can be released as the waterfalls over the top of the dam it may be enough energy to turn a meal well or an electricity generating turned on cheese the term that best describes the type of energy stored in the water at the top of the dam

Potential

Predict what would happen as the entropy of a system approach 100%

Randomness would be maximized

Which stage of photosynthesis if any can function in the dark

Stage 2 (the Calvin cycle)

Name a fluid filler interior of the chloroplast

Stroma

What kind of molecules can be used as a metabolic Fuel to produce ATP

Sugars amino acid and fatty acids

What Do some leaves change color in the fall

The chlorophyll molecule breaks down and other pigments now become visible

Cellular respiration accomplish is to major processes it breaks Glucose down into smaller molecules and it harvest the chemical energy released and stores it in ATP molecules by the end of ____ The breakdown of glucose is complete most ATP molecules are produced during _____

The citric acid cycle... Electron transport

What molecules lengthy white reaction to the Calvin cycle

The electron shuttles ( ATP and NADPH)

Yeast is used to produce beer and wine but can also make bread rise all these processes involved the production of alcohol explain why you can eat bread and not get drunk

The heat of cooking bakes out the alcohol

What is heat energy?

The kinetic energy of moving Atoms and molecules

Why does yogurt taste sharp?

The taste is from the lactic acid it contains, and acids taste sharp.

Explain how molecules other than glucose can be used as energy sources

They are modified first and then enter the same metabolic pathway as glucose

Where did the molecules used as the inputs of the Calvin cycle come from

They come from the light reactions

If you could track all of the carbon atoms that are present in a sugar molecule that undergo cellular respiration where would those carbon Atoms end up

They would be converted to carbon dioxide

Which statement describes the cirtic acid cycle

This process produces some ATP And carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion

Which statement describes glycolysis

This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.

Which statement describes the electron transport chain

This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration

NADH and FADH2 are important in cellular respiration because they deliver high energy electrons to the electron transport system. Electron transport produces ____ ATP molecules per NADH molecules and_____ ATP Molecules per FADH2 molecules

Three... two

The light reactions take place in the ____ And the Calvin cycle takes place in the

Thylakoids; stroma

What is the role of producers in most ecosystems

To capture light energy from the sun and converted into chemical energy

Identify the principal role of photosynthesis

To convert solar energy into the chemical energy of sugars

Identify the principal role of cellular respiration

To convert the chemical energy of sugars into the chemical energy that fuels life's processes

And electron transport high energy electrons fall to oxygen through a series of reactions the energy released is used to

Transport protons into the inter-membrane space of the mitochondria where they become concentrated they then fly back out into the inner compartment of the mitochondria on the way back protons turn ATP synthase turbines and produce ATP

Which are the most important outfits of Glycolysis

Two pyruvic acid and two NADH molecules

Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis

Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen

Can energy be harvested by the cells from glucose without oxygen

Yes, but much less than with oxygen.

Which processes can be carried out by producers

both photosynthesis and cellular respiration

The chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur in which cellular organelle

chloroplasts

Which part(s) of cellular respiration require(s) oxygen gas?

citric acid cycle and electron transport chain

Which parts of cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria

citric acid cycle and electron transport chain

During which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP produced

electron transport chain

Which stage of cellular respiration requires oxygen that you breathe

electron transport chain

Which of the following molecules is broken down in cellular respiration providing fuel for the cell

glucose

Glycolysis is the multi-step breakdown of _____. Several different _____ play a role in this process.

glucose ... enzymes

Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.

glycolysis

Identify the stage or stages of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside the mitochondria

glycolysis

Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell

glycolysis

Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration

glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain

In cellular respiration most energy is released and transferred to ATP when

high-energy electrons "fall" to lower energy levels

Where does cellular respiration occur?

mitochondria

Which of the following is highest in chemical energy

one molecule of glucose

Cellular respiration requires fuel (glucose) and oxygen gas the main process that produces these inputs is

photosynthesis

What is the main purpose of cellular respiration

produce ATP

What is the role of mitochondria in plants

produce ATP

Kinetic energy is energy in motion potential energy is ____ energy

stored

The purpose of the Calvin cycle is to produce ________.

sugar

Select the ultimate source of energy for nearly every organism on this planet.

sun

What is the definition of energy

the capacity to do work

The bulk of a plant is made from ________.

the sugars made in photosynthesis, which were made from carbon dioxide

During the Calvin cycle plants use energy from ATP and NADPH to drive

the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide

How does CO2 enter a plant

through the stomata

Energy is conserved. This means that in any system, _____.

total energy input equals total energy output

What is the main by-product of cellular respiration?

water

Where do the electrons that are excited by the energy in sunlight first come from

water