CH 49 PREP U

What information would the nurse include when teaching potential parents about prevention of congenital deformities? Select all that apply.

"Limit exposure to alcohol." "Do not take any medication without first talking to your health care provider."

A physician is providing care for several clients on a hospital-based medical ward. Which client is most likely to experience chronic fatigue?

51-year-old woman admitted for exacerbation of her multiple sclerosis.

Which best describes metatarsus adductus?

An adducted forefoot that gives the foot a kidney-shaped appearance

An increase in the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) results in which physiologic activity?

Changes in the rate of bone remodeling

In a client diagnosed with osteomalacia, what would be recommended to aid with improvement of the condition?

Increasing dietary consumption of vitamin D

Which of the following should the nurse teach about secondary osteoporosis?

It is secondary to many conditions.

The pediatric nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a child with toeing-out (slew foot). Which statement should the nurse include in the teaching?

It will most likely self-correct as the child becomes proficient in walking.

Which statement correctly describes osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease?

Osteogenesis imperfecta is caused by deficiencies in the synthesis of type I collagen.

The nurse caring for a child with a deficiency of vitamin D knows that the deficiency places the child at risk for:

Rickets

How will the nurse teach the client to utilize metabolic equivalents when starting an exercise routine?

The client should understand that activities with higher metabolic equivalents have higher workloads.

A child has been diagnosed with myopathic neuromuscular scoliosis. What other concurrent diagnosis may the child have?

cerebral palsy

The older adult client tells the nurse that she believes she is getting shorter. The nurse explains to the client that height loss is caused by which occurance with aging?

compression of vertebral column

A daughter is concerned because her elderly parent has been diagnosed with osteomalacia. The daughter asks the nurse why this happened. The best response would be that:

intestinal absorption slows as natural aging occurs.

The nurse is assessing a female client's risk for osteoporosis. Which factor places this client at greatest risk?

menopause

A major complication of prolonged bed rest is an increased risk of kidney stones. The nurse knows that this is most likely related to:

saturation of urine with calcium salts.

An infant is born with a clubfoot. The nurse should anticipate which treatment measures will be instituted?

serial manipulation and casting

If a child with genu valgum does not self-correct after he or she begins weight-bearing, what condition could result?

subluxation

Which statement is true about treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip?

treatment needs to be individualized

A postmenopausal client questions the nurse about the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Which statement describes the pathology of osteoporosis?

The process of bone renewal after menopause is slowed in relation to the occurrence of bone breakdown.

After a week in which a client worked four 12-hour shifts and went home to two children with the flu, the client is feeling fatigued. How should this client's fatigue be categorized?

physiologic

Which information is important for the nurse to teach the female client about the development of osteoporosis?

"Estrogen deficiency contributes to the development of osteoporosis."

It is suspected that a client has osteomalacia. What should the nurse teach the client about potential causes of this condition?

"Insufficient calcium absorption and phosphate deficiency are the causes."

The nurse is giving a talk to a woman's group on osteoporosis. What should the nurse tell this group concerning the development of osteoporosis?

"Osteoporosis involves a loss of bone mass."

The nurse has just finished teaching a client newly diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis about the disease. The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client states:

"Rheumatoid arthritis includes joint involvement that is usually symmetric and polyarticular."

What is the definition of a congenital deformity?

Abnormalities present at birth

Which clients should the nurse assess to determine if they have premature osteoporosis?

Anyone with an eating disorder.

A child presents to the emergency room with suspected trauma to the growth plate in the ankle during a soccer game. Which step is the best intervention?

Assess the child for pain and prepare for diagnostic studies.

A client with confirmed low bone density asks the nurse if there is anything she can to decrease the risk of trauma. The best response would be:

Brisk walking three times per week on a flat surface

Which cardiovascular response will the nurse assess in order to determine that a client has activity intolerance?

Dyspnea during activity

A nursing instructor is teaching about osteoporosis and correctly lists which of these to be risk factors? Select all that apply.

Gender Nutrition Activity Genetics Age

Disuse of a muscle and muscle atrophy contribute to the weakening and wasting of muscle tissue. What else do they contribute to?

Joint contractures

A 42-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with severe back pain, intermittent tinnitus, constant headache, and vertigo. He states that the back pain has been a problem for a number of years, but the other symptoms are quite new. Upon further examination, it is noted that he has unexplained hearing loss, and his femur and tibia have begun to bow. What condition does this client most likely have?

Paget disease

If a child with genu valgum does not self-correct after he or she begins weight-bearing, what condition could result?

Uneven shoulders or iliac crest

A 2-year-old has bowing of the legs (genu varum). When should the health care professional should be concerned?

When there is a large separation between the knees greater than 15 degrees

An older adult client is admitted for the treatment of pneumonia. The nurse notes the home medications include nasal calcitonin, vitamin D, and calcium chloride. Which disease process is this client likely treating with these medications?

osteoporosis

A child with Osgood-Schlatter disease most often presents with which assessment finding?

pain in front of knee