ch 6 content
Which of the following is true of cluster sampling? -The prospective sampling units are selected for a sample using systematic random sampling. -Each cluster is assumed to be representative of the homogeneity of a target population. -Area sampling is a popular form of cluster sampling. -In practice, cluster sampling is difficult to implement. -Cluster sampling requires a substantially large budget.
-Area sampling is a popular form of cluster sampling.
Which of the following statements is true of the sample size for nonprobability samples? -The sample size formula must be adjusted for error tolerance before it can be used for nonprobability samples. -Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples is usually a subjective, intuitive judgment made by the researcher. -Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples requires the researcher to make statistical inferences about the true population parameters. -The sample size formula must be adjusted for confidence level before it can be used for nonprobability samples. -The sample size formula must be adjusted for population variance before it can be used for nonprobability samples.
-Determining the sample size for nonprobability samples is usually a subjective, intuitive judgment made by the researcher.
Which of the following statements is true of the factors that play an important role in determining sample sizes with probability designs? -The higher the variability in the data being estimated, the larger the sample size needed. -The higher the level of confidence desired, the smaller the sample size needed. -The variability in the data being estimated is unrelated to the sample size. -The smaller the desired error, the smaller the sample size. -The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size.
-The more precise the required sample results, the larger the sample size.
In optimal allocation sampling, the necessary sample size of each stratum is determined based -on the relative size of the stratum as well as the variability within the stratum. -solely on the stratum's size relative to a defined target population. -on the number of homogeneous strata identified in a defined target population. -solely on the stratum's relative importance to a study. -on the number of heterogeneous strata identified in a defined target population.
-on the relative size of the stratum as well as the variability within the stratum.
The difference between simple random sampling and systematic random sampling is that systematic random sampling -requires a special code to be assigned to the sampling units prior to drawing a sample. -requires that a defined target population be ordered in some way. -is based on intuitive judgment or researcher knowledge. -is a sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and equal chance of being selected. -is a nonprobability sampling procedure.
-requires that a defined target population be ordered in some way.
Sampling units refer to -a list of all population elements from which a sample is drawn. -the target population elements available for selection during a sampling process. -an identifiable group of elements of interest to a researcher and pertinent to the information problem. -a complete set of elements identified for investigation. -the number of units accidentally left out of a sampling frame.
-the target population elements available for selection during a sampling process.
A benefit associated with detecting sampling error is that it can be determined before a sample is drawn and data collection is completed. (t/f)
false
Area sampling is an example of a nonprobability sampling method. (t/f)
false
Compared to sampling, it is less time-consuming and less expensive to conduct a census. (t/f)
false
In any sampling plan, the first task of a researcher is to choose a method of data collection. (t/f)
false
In the context of the factors that play an important role in determining sample sizes with probability designs, the higher the level of confidence desired, the smaller the sample size needed. (t/f)
false
Multisource sampling is used when a single source generates a large or low incidence sample. (t/f)
false
Sampling errors usually are related to the accuracy of data, whereas nonsampling errors relate to the representativeness of a sample to a defined target population. (t/f)
false
Since quota sampling is a nonprobability sampling method, the representativeness of the sample can be measured. (t/f)
false
Snowball sampling prohibits the introduction of bias in a study. (t/f)
false
The skip interval in systematic random sampling is computed by multiplying the number of potential sampling units on a list by the desired sample size. (t/f)
false
In the context of the factors that play an important role in determining sample sizes with probability designs, ________ is the acceptable amount of error in a sample estimate. reliability the incidence rate precision variance validity
precision
Sarah, a researcher, does not have the resources or time to use a probability sampling method. However, she wants to make sure that all ethnicities are fairly represented in her sample. In this scenario, Sarah is most likely to use ________. optimal allocation sampling quota sampling stratified sampling simple random sampling cluster sampling
quota sampling
In which stage of the sampling plan will random-digit dialing probably be considered? -Identifying the sampling frame needed -Selecting the data collection method -Defining the target population -Selecting the appropriate sampling method -Creating an operating plan for selecting sampling units
selecting the appropriate sampling method
________ sampling is a probability sampling procedure in which every sampling unit has a known and equal chance of being selected. Judgment Quota Cluster Simple random Convenience
simple random
A population is an identifiable group of elements of interest to a researcher and pertinent to the information problem. (t/f)
true
Customer lists from credit card companies are a common source of sampling frames. (t/f)
true
In cluster sampling, each cluster is assumed to be representative of the heterogeneity of a target population. (t/f)
true
In the context of nonprobability sampling methods, judgment sampling is also known as purposive sampling. (t/f)
true
In the context of the systematic sampling method, hidden patterns represent populations that researchers may be interested in studying, but often are hard to reach. (t/f)
true
Nonsampling errors reduce the overall quality of the data regardless of the data collection method. (t/f)
true
Referral sampling involves identifying a set of respondents who can help a researcher identify additional people to include in a study. (t/f)
true
The central limit theorem (CLT) describes the theoretical characteristics of a sample. (t/f)
true
The primary difficulty encountered with stratified sampling is determining the basis for stratifying. (t/f)
true
When executed properly, systematic random sampling creates a sample of objects or prospective respondents that is very similar in quality to a sample drawn using simple random sampling. (t/f)
true