ch 6 psychology

Henry Gustav Molaison, is famously known as H. M., was unable to form new declarative memories. He suffered from what psychologist called what?

anterograde amnesia

the tendency of certain elements to enter long term memory with little or no effect to encode and organize them is what defines blank?

automatic encoding

which type of memory best explains the "what?" phenomenon?

echoic sensory memory

you are surprised by the fact that you cannot remember if Abraham Lincoln's head faces the left or the right on a penny. This is all the more surprising given the fact that you work with money at your job on nearly a daily basis. What would best explain such an inability to recall this information?

encoding failure

according to Sperling, what is the capacity of iconic memory?

everything that can be seen at one time.

the ability to remember where you were and what you were doing when the United States was attacked on September 11th, 2001, is an example of what?

flashbulb memory

in Hermann Ebbinghaus's classic study on memory and the forgetting curve, how long after learning the lists does most forgetting happen?

1 hour

the semantic network model of memory suggests that the blank nodes you must pass through to access information, the longer it will take you to recall information.

more

blank memory includes what people can do or demonstrate, whereas blank memory is about what people know and can report.

non-declarative; declarative

the steps to memory can best be described as what?

putting it in, keeping it in, getting it out.

Mary has just met an attractive man named Austin at a party. She wants to make sure she remembers his name. What should she do?

Mary should make it more meaningful. For example, she might remind herself that Austin has the same name as the capital of Texas.

early studies of the capacity of short-term memory suggested that most people can remember approximately how many bits of information?

7

Phineas walks out of his office and into the conference room. However, after he leaves his office, he forgets what he was coming into the conference room for. According to the encoding specificity hypothesis, what should Phineas do to regain his lost memory?

Phineas should return to his office to help him remember what he had forgotten

your mother tells you to dress for success at your interview because it's all about "first impression." In other words, she's telling you that people often remember what they see first. This belief is in line with what element of memory?

The primary effect

research by Elizabeth Loftus shows that eyewitness recognition is very prone to what psychologists called what?

a false positive

for information to travel from sensory memory to short-term memory, it must first be blank and then encoded primarily into blank form.

selectively attended to; auditory

when creating a presentation, many public speaking instructors will tell you to develop a strong opening or attention getter to your presentation as well as a good summary and finish. What aspect of memory best explains the suggestions?

serial position phenomenon

your English instructor has given you an assignment to write down your most favorite memory from when you were 12 months old. What might you tell him?

students will probably not be able to recall events from such an early age

what is an example of a test using recognition?

true-false

you're introduced to someone at a party. While talking with the person, you realize that you have already forgotten the person's name. What amount of time does it typically take before such information is lost from short-term memory?

typically between 12 and 30 seconds