Ch 8 A Closer Look: Vitamin Deficiency Disease and Vitamin D

A number of risk factors contribute to inadequate levels of vitamin D and increase the likelihood of developing a deficiency disease. Choose the image that depicts the individual at greatest risk for vitamin D deficiency. a. Finn is a 15-year-old Caucasian boy with a fair complexion who spends a lot of time outdoors playing on his high school soccer team. b. Ryan is a 15-year-old Caucasian boy with a medium complexion who spends a lot of time outdoors playing pick-up basketball. c. Zeshawn is a 15-year-old African American boy who spends a lot of time outdoors competing on his high school track team.

c. Zeshawn is a 15-year-old African American boy who spends a lot of time outdoors competing on his high school track team.

Decreased activation of vitamin D will result in ____________ absorption of calcium in the small intestine and _____________ risk of inadequate bone mineralization.

decreased, increased

According to the animation, the active, or usable, form of vitamin D, is synthesized in the ____________

kidneys

Peggy is a 68-year-old woman who has worked long hours indoors her entire life. A recent checkup indicated that she was severely deficient in vitamin D due to inadequate intake and a lack of sun exposure. Following these findings, the doctor diagnosed Peggy with a _________ deficiency of vitamin D, resulting in ____________, or poor bone mineralization. Her doctor explained that because of this vitamin deficiency, Peggy was not able to maintain appropriate levels of calcium, which had resulted in hyperparathyroidism. In this example, hyperparathyroidism a vitamin D deficiency disease.

primary; osteomalacia; is not

Vitamins have many functions throughout the body. For example, vitamin A is important for _____________, vitamin C is important for ______________, and vitamin D is important for _______________.

vision; collagen synthesis; calcium regulation

A __________ is an organic compound that must be obtained from the diet and is needed to sustain life.

vitamin

A ________________ is a lack or shortage of a particular vitamin, and prolonged insufficiency can eventually lead to a ______________ , characterized by harmful symptoms.

vitamin deficiency; vitamin deficiency disease

Given what you know about the characteristics of a deficiency disease, which of the following would be considered a deficiency disease resulting from inadequate levels of vitamin D? Check all that apply. - Rickets - Cardiovascular disease - Type 2 diabetes - Fatty liver - Osteomalacia

- Rickets - Osteomalacia

In order for this synthesis to occur, a series of steps are necessary and any disruption in this process can result in a deficiency of vitamin D. With this in mind, choose the situations or conditions that could contribute to a vitamin D deficiency. Check all that apply. - Wearing protective clothing and sunscreen when outdoors - Having kidney disease - Living in a region with a lot of sunlight - Having a lighter skin pigmentation

- Wearing protective clothing and sunscreen when outdoors - Having kidney disease

Choose from the words in the box to complete the following paragraphs regarding the importance of vitamins and the consequences of inadequate dietary intake. (Note: Each word can be used only once.)

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