Ch 9 Intro to busn 1003

The belief behind employee ownership is the idea that it will:

cause employees to act more like partners than clock watchers

According to equity theory, if employees perceive that an inequity exists, they may:

change their work habits

Which of the following is NOT a form of variable pay?

commissions

As a believer in the Theory Y style of management, Stacey Lovett believes in all of the following EXCEPT:

constant and close supervision

Based on the expectancy theory, managers who want to motivate their employees should:

do all of the above

According to equity theory, if employees perceive that an inequity exists, they may:

do any of the above

The equity theory is concerned with:

how fairly a worker is treated compared to coworkers

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are:

potential job dissatisfiers

Which of the following is NOT a need identified in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

psychological needs

Which of the following is NOT an example of a job satisfier?

salary and fringe benefits

When Maslow wrote, "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if he is to be at peace with himself. What a man can be, he must be," he was more than likely referring to man's:

self-actualization needs

In Herzberg's model, which of the following would be an example of a hygiene factor?

supervision

The father of scientific management was:

Frederick Taylor

_____ proposed a theory of motivation based on universal human needs.

Abraham Maslow

Theories X and Y management styles are the result of studies by:

Douglas McGregor

_____ is something that prompts an individual to release his or her energy in a certain direction.

Motivation

_____ are based on overall company profitability. Using an established formula, management distributes some portion of company profits to all employees.

Profit-sharing plans

_____ theory states that people do things because they know that certain consequences will follow.

Reinforcement

The _____ style of management is based on a pessimistic view of human nature and assumes that the average person dislikes work, will try to avoid work, prefers to be directed, avoids responsibility, and wants security above all else.

Theory X

Which of the following statements about Theory Z style of management is true?

Theory Z contains many elements from Japanese management.

_____ means that a portion of an employee's pay is directly linked to an individual or organizational performance measure.

Variable pay

Jan Carlzon, former president of Scandinavian Airlines (SAS), has said that one of the greatest fears executives have is that employees will "give away the store" to satisfy complaining customers. From this statement, it would appear that Carlzon was opposed to:

empowerment

In a survey of middle-level managers in service industries, a majority stated that employees have an inherent distrust of managers and will respond to instructions only if they perceive their treatment to be fair. This statement indicates the managers would be most successful using the _____ to motivate their employees.

equity theory

Given the trend toward employee empowerment in the workplace, more and more employees are finding the _____ theory useful.

goal-setting

Spring Airlines is a small budget airline that is based in China. Due to the unfamiliarity of this mode of transportation in China, Spring's employees are often attacked by unhappy customers who demand compensation for flight delays. According to Herzberg, these attacks by passengers would be an example of a _____ factor.

hygiene

One criticism of Herzberg's motivator and hygiene theory is that it:

ignores the impact of situational variables

In 2006, The Home Depot laid off 300 workers in its home office. Even though the workers have left, the same amount of work needs to be done. This sort of company downsizing often leads to:

job enlargement

Anton Sudavarian works as a receptionist for a medical clinic from 8 a.m. until 12 noon five days a week. At noon, he is replaced by Louise Cho who works at the same job from noon until 5 p.m. What kind of a work scheduling option is being used by Sudavarian and Cho?

job sharing

The original Hawthorne studies were set up to study:

lighting

According to Frederick Taylor's scientific management theory, the most important motivator in the workplace is:

money

According to _____, workers respond to attention from superiors, and they like their opinions to be valued.

the Hawthorne effect

Safeway Stores has installed dashboard computers in their trucks to monitor the delivery truck drivers as they work their routes. Safeway is checking on drivers to make sure they are working. This mistrust of employees derives from trust in the veracity of:

the Theory X style of management

Frederick Taylor's scientific management emphasized:

work efficiency

A company that is experimenting with flextime, telecommuting, and job sharing is interested in:

work-scheduling options needed to retain quality employees

Julia Li is a low-level manager for a manufacturer of collectible plates and figurines. She is assigned new jobs every few months so she can learn all aspects of her company's operations. Management is utilizing the concept of job _____ in training Li.

rotation

At Children's Hospital in Denver, good attendance is encouraged by recognizing staff members who have not missed work in the previous three months. At three-month intervals, at staff meetings, the names of those who have not missed work that quarter are announced. These employees are given ribbons of excellence, perfect attendance pins, prizes, tote bags, alarm clocks, gift certificates or movie tickets. As an added incentive, the person with the longest record of perfect attendance is allowed to choose first from the list of "gifts." This is an example of how _____ are used in association with the ______ theory.

rewards; reinforcement

Which of the following statements about forms of variable pay are true?

Gain-sharing is a motivational plan based on group productivity.

_____ is the redesign of a job to provide workers with more authority, responsibility, challenge, and the opportunity for more personal achievement is called:

Job enrichment

According to the goal-setting theory,:

all of the above are true

Bart Pietz works as a paramedic. Because he has just worked a plane crash and has been 20 hours without rest, he is extremely sleepy. Pietz needs to satisfy his _____ need.

physiological