Ch. 9 Quiz

If you are vaccinated against a pathogen and then produce your own antibodies against the pathogen due to the vaccine, is that an example of active or passive immunity?

Active

Any substance that produces an inappropriate response of the immune system is referred to as a(an)

Allergen

All of the following represent physical and or chemical barriers that form the body's first line of defense against pathogens EXCEPT which one?

Antibodies

Histamine

Causes inflammation of injured tissue

Antigen

Cell surface marker that can be recognized by immune system.

Antibody

Defensive protein produced by plasma cells

All of the following are ways in which a mild fever participates as part of the body's second line of defense and aids the body EXCEPT

Enhancing the secretion of antibodies by plasma cells.

True or false? The best way to reduce bacterial pathogens in the bloodstream is to reduce a fever as quickly as possible

False

nonspecific defenses

Fever, macrophages, inflammation

The release of chemicals from injured cells triggers histamine release from

Mast cells

Barriers

Skin, mucous, tears, saliva

T cells

Specific immunity cell that can directly kill infected cells.

B cells

Specific immunity cells that can convert into plasma cells.

HIV primarily causes a reduction in

T cells

Specific defenses

T cells, B cells, antibodies

An individual with an uncertain vaccine history has been brought to the emergency room after receiving severe lacerations in an accident with farm machinery. In addition to administering a tetanus toxoid vaccine, he is given a shot of tetanus immune globulin (TIG), a form of passive immunization. Why are both necessary?

The tetanus immune globulin provides immediate, short-term protection, and the tetanus vaccine provides long-term protection.

Which one of the following best explains why people get so many colds in their lifetime?

The viruses that cause colds evolve rapidly, which results in a change in their antigenic structure.

Keratin

Tough protein found in outer surface of skin.

Is it possible to be infected with the exact same virus twice?

Yes

Which one of the following is characteristic of T lymphocytes but NOT B lymphocytes?

direct attack of antigen-bearing cells

Passive immunity differs from active immunity in that passive immunity:

involves the administration of preformed antibodies

Which one of the following would result in passive immunity?

movement of antibodies across the placenta from mother to child