Ch 9 Study guide
with the elbow and wrist extended, painting a circle on a canvas requires ___________________ of the shoulder.
circumduction
the metacarpophalangeal joints at the base of the fingers are _________________ joints
condylar
suppose you cup your hands to hold some water. to limit the amount of leaking through your hands, this action would most likely require _______________ ___ ____ _____________
adduction of the fingers
the study of joint structure, function, and dysfunction is called ______________
arthrology
the smooth, connective tissue lining that covers the opposing bony surfaces of a synovial joint is called ____________________ ______________
articular cartilage
a ___________ is a sac of fluid associated with a synovial joint
bursa
which of the following is the most stable joint?
coxal joint
the ___________ __________________ ___________ is not found in the elbow
distal radioulnar joint
which of the following is NOT a major joint category?
elastic
radial (lateral) and ulnar (medial) collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movements of the ____________ joint
elbow
when you walk up the stairs, your hip and knee joints ____________ to lift your body weight
extend
some joints become synostoses by replacing __________ with __________
fibers; bone
the union of the proximal and middle phalanges form _________ joints
hinge
one example of a multiaxial joint is the _____________________ joint
humeroscapular
while standing, looking up at the stars requires ____________________ ___ _____ ________
hyperextension of the neck
showing your palm to someone who is in front of you, as if to tell them "stop," requires ________________________ ____ _____ _________
hyperextension of the wrist
the rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides EXCEPT ______________, which partly explains the nature of most shoulder dislocations
inferiorly
the fibrocartilage pad between the medial condyle of the tibia is called the ____________ ________________
medial meniscus
the proximal radioulnar joint is a ___________ joint
pivot
if you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing ____________ _____________ at the ankle
plantar flexion
the _______________ _____________________ ________________ is NOT part of the tibiofemoral joint
posterior tibiofibular ligament
when doing a pushup, your shoulders ______________ as your body is pushed upwards
protract
coronal, sagittal, lambdoid are examples of ____________ ______________
serrate sutures
the _______________ bursa is not an accessory structure of the glenohumeral joints
subpatellar
the joint between the L2 and L3 vertebrae is a __________________
symphysis
the epiphysis and a diaphysis of a long bone in a child are bound by a ___________________
synchondrosis
the joint between the first costal cartilage and the sternum, is a _________________, whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by ____________ joints
synchrondrosis; synovial
the joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a ________________
syndesmosis
the least movable joints are ______________ joints
synostosis
the most movable joints are ______________ joints
synovial
the temporomandibular joint is a ______________ joint
synovial
the joint between the left and right parietal bones is called the ______________ _______
temporal bone
which of the following structures prevents knee hyperextension?
the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
which of the following is a first-class lever?
the atlanto-occipital joint
which of the following is not an anatomical component of a synovial joint?
the interosseous membrane
which of the following is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?
the knee
which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the range of motion of a joint
the length of the bone
raising an arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi, is an example of ________________ of the shoulder
abduction
the _____________________ _____________ deepens the socket of hip joint and helps stabilize the joint
acetabular labrum
the ligament that attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the fibula is called the ___________ _____________ ______________ _______________
fibular (lateral) collateral ligament (LCL)
when you hold out your hands with the palms up, _____________ your wrists will tip your palms toward you.
flexing
raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you, requires _____________ of the shoulder.
flexion
a monoaxial joint, like the elbow, is cabaple of which one of the following movements?
flexion + extension
unlike other joints, a _______________ does not join two bones to one another
gomphosis
to tip the soles of the feet medially, so they face each other, requires _____________. tipping them out laterally so they face away from each other is ______________
inversion; eversion
the jaw joint is the articulation of the ____________ and the ________________ _________
mandible; temporal bone
which of the following structures are NOT found in the shoulder?
the radioulnar ligament
which of the following is true regarding joints that are first-class levers?
their mechanical advantage may be either greater or less than 1.0
what do sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmoses have in common?
they are all fibrous joints
the talocrural joint is formed by the union of the __________, the ____________, and the __________
tibia; fibula; talus