Ch 9 Study guide

with the elbow and wrist extended, painting a circle on a canvas requires ___________________ of the shoulder.

circumduction

the metacarpophalangeal joints at the base of the fingers are _________________ joints

condylar

suppose you cup your hands to hold some water. to limit the amount of leaking through your hands, this action would most likely require _______________ ___ ____ _____________

adduction of the fingers

the study of joint structure, function, and dysfunction is called ______________

arthrology

the smooth, connective tissue lining that covers the opposing bony surfaces of a synovial joint is called ____________________ ______________

articular cartilage

a ___________ is a sac of fluid associated with a synovial joint

bursa

which of the following is the most stable joint?

coxal joint

the ___________ __________________ ___________ is not found in the elbow

distal radioulnar joint

which of the following is NOT a major joint category?

elastic

radial (lateral) and ulnar (medial) collateral ligaments restrict side-to-side movements of the ____________ joint

elbow

when you walk up the stairs, your hip and knee joints ____________ to lift your body weight

extend

some joints become synostoses by replacing __________ with __________

fibers; bone

the union of the proximal and middle phalanges form _________ joints

hinge

one example of a multiaxial joint is the _____________________ joint

humeroscapular

while standing, looking up at the stars requires ____________________ ___ _____ ________

hyperextension of the neck

showing your palm to someone who is in front of you, as if to tell them "stop," requires ________________________ ____ _____ _________

hyperextension of the wrist

the rotator cuff tendons enclose the shoulder joint on all sides EXCEPT ______________, which partly explains the nature of most shoulder dislocations

inferiorly

the fibrocartilage pad between the medial condyle of the tibia is called the ____________ ________________

medial meniscus

the proximal radioulnar joint is a ___________ joint

pivot

if you stand on tiptoes to reach something high, you are performing ____________ _____________ at the ankle

plantar flexion

the _______________ _____________________ ________________ is NOT part of the tibiofemoral joint

posterior tibiofibular ligament

when doing a pushup, your shoulders ______________ as your body is pushed upwards

protract

coronal, sagittal, lambdoid are examples of ____________ ______________

serrate sutures

the _______________ bursa is not an accessory structure of the glenohumeral joints

subpatellar

the joint between the L2 and L3 vertebrae is a __________________

symphysis

the epiphysis and a diaphysis of a long bone in a child are bound by a ___________________

synchondrosis

the joint between the first costal cartilage and the sternum, is a _________________, whereas the other costal cartilages are joined to the sternum by ____________ joints

synchrondrosis; synovial

the joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a ________________

syndesmosis

the least movable joints are ______________ joints

synostosis

the most movable joints are ______________ joints

synovial

the temporomandibular joint is a ______________ joint

synovial

the joint between the left and right parietal bones is called the ______________ _______

temporal bone

which of the following structures prevents knee hyperextension?

the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

which of the following is a first-class lever?

the atlanto-occipital joint

which of the following is not an anatomical component of a synovial joint?

the interosseous membrane

which of the following is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

the knee

which of the following is NOT a factor that determines the range of motion of a joint

the length of the bone

raising an arm to one side of the body to stop a taxi, is an example of ________________ of the shoulder

abduction

the _____________________ _____________ deepens the socket of hip joint and helps stabilize the joint

acetabular labrum

the ligament that attaches the lateral femoral epicondyle to the fibula is called the ___________ _____________ ______________ _______________

fibular (lateral) collateral ligament (LCL)

when you hold out your hands with the palms up, _____________ your wrists will tip your palms toward you.

flexing

raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you, requires _____________ of the shoulder.

flexion

a monoaxial joint, like the elbow, is cabaple of which one of the following movements?

flexion + extension

unlike other joints, a _______________ does not join two bones to one another

gomphosis

to tip the soles of the feet medially, so they face each other, requires _____________. tipping them out laterally so they face away from each other is ______________

inversion; eversion

the jaw joint is the articulation of the ____________ and the ________________ _________

mandible; temporal bone

which of the following structures are NOT found in the shoulder?

the radioulnar ligament

which of the following is true regarding joints that are first-class levers?

their mechanical advantage may be either greater or less than 1.0

what do sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmoses have in common?

they are all fibrous joints

the talocrural joint is formed by the union of the __________, the ____________, and the __________

tibia; fibula; talus