CH12

Rank the steps for discarding irrational beliefs in the correct order of occurrence.

1. Evaluate the consequences of the belief 2. Identify one's belief system 3. Dispute the self-defeating belief 4. Practice effective ways of thinking

Who among the following is most likely to have a type A personality?

Jessica, who is a perfectionist with a sense of time urgency and is often hostile

Identify a true statement about the Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS).

It lists examples of major changes that people may experience.

According to the text, which of the following is an effective strategy for reducing stress?

All these strategies can help reduce a person's stress. (Make a clearing for yourself, Get enough sleep, Be honest about burnout, Set personal boundaries)

Identify a stress-related illness.

Asthma

Match the following types of inner conflict in the left column with the corresponding definition in the right column.

Avoid-avoid conflict: It occurs when a person is torn between two undesirable options Approach-avoid conflict: It occurs when a person is drawn toward and away from something at the same time Approach-approach conflict: It occurs when a person is torn between two desirable goals

Identify the ways in which job burnout in employees can be reduced. (Check all that apply.)

By ensuring a fair workplace By increasing the feeling of community By promoting shared values in the workplace

Identify the "three Cs" of a hardy personality. (Check all that apply.)

Control Commitment Challenge

Identify an example of external sources of stress.

Daily hassles

_____ refers to the good stress felt when playing tennis or attending a party.

Eustress

Which of the following statements is true of stress?

Even serious chronic illnesses such as cancer are linked to stress.

According to the text, which of the following is considered a stress-buster?

Exercising on a regular basis

_____ stressors can encompass anything and everything from exterior sources that causes a person pain or discomfort, frustration, or conflict.

External

True or false: The reaction of the body to any demand made on it is purely physical.

False

Sarah is very serious about her department's budget and bottom line. As a new manager, she wants to make sure she is looking after her employees, knowing that workplace stress can cause her department to fall short of its year-end revenue goals. When Sarah is considering the physiological implications of stress on her employees, which of the following is she NOT considering?

Family leave

Identify an example of a daily hassle.

Finding a parking spot

Which of the following psychologists theorized that human bodies are nearly always in some kind of stress?

Hans Selye

______ is the kind of pressure one feels when they are forced to make a choice.

Inner conflict

Identify an example of an internal source of stress.

Irrational beliefs

Which of the following statements is true of eustress?

It is a kind of pleasant and desirable stress.

Which of the following best describes cognitive appraisal?

It is your "thinking evaluation" of an event or a situation.

Identify examples of chronic stressors. (Check all that apply.)

Poverty Racial discrimination

The feeling a person experiences when a goal that he or she is trying to achieve is obstructed is defined as _____.

frustration

Identify the recommendations made by the American Psychological Association to become good consumers of technology. (Check all that apply.)

Take time to unplug and restore yourself. Never use phones when driving. Turn off devices to get enough sleep.

Identify a characteristic of type B personalities.

The ability to relax

Identify a characteristic of people with the hardy personality type.

They feel a sense of purpose or mission in life.

True or false: According to Hans Selye's GAS theory, when people are first faced with a stressor, their bodies respond by triggering the sympathetic nervous system known as the fight-or-flight response.

True

True or false: The Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale is a good predictor of disruptions in life being linked to later illness across age groups, across religions and ethnic groups, for males and females, in international comparisons, and even in comparisons of healthy adults and medical patients.

True

Match the following personalities in the left column with the corresponding features in the right column.

Type A personalities: More likely to be frantic assistants who finish work for managers Type B personalities: More likely to be top-level executives who delegate work to others

Identify an example of internal sources of stress.

Unassertive personality

According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory, the human body reacts to a stressor in the alarm stage by

activating the sympathetic nervous system.

According to Hans Selye's GAS theory, when the fight-or-flight response is triggered, an individual enters the first stage of GAS known as the _____.

alarm stage

According to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) theory, when the fight-or-flight response is activated, the human body has entered the

alarm stage.

Jacob was excited to get a promotion as a marketing manager, but the promotion also meant that he would have to relocate to another state. Jacob is reluctant to move. Which type of inner conflict will this situation create for Jacob?

an approach-avoid conflict

Which type of inner conflict occurs when you are torn between two undesirable options?

an avoid-avoid conflict

Stress can be defined as _____.

any response by the body to a new situation

Darin was promoted, but it meant leaving the bustling city life he loved and moving to a different state in a quiet part of the country. It would also mean that his wife will have to leave her present job and search for a new job. Darin's reluctance best exemplifies the

approach-avoid inner conflict.

According to the type A and type B personality theory, type B personality differs from type A personality in that people with a type B personality

are better at delegating responsibility.

According to Hans Selye's GAS theory, during the stage of exhaustion, an individual will _____.

be unable to cope with the prolonged stressor

To _____ means to expand an illogical belief into an imagined calamity.

catastrophize

According to the American Psychological Association, to become good consumers of technology, we should _____.

choose social media wisely

Unavoidable, everyday circumstances or conditions that cause stress are known as _____ stressors.

chronic

The thinking assessment of an event or situation that differs from person to person and, for an individual person, from day to day is known as _____.

cognitive appraisal

Sandi manages a team of several professionals. She knows she needs to be aware of how stress might impact her employees in their daily activities. Sandi should be on the lookout for

employees who experience migraines and backaches.

What can managers do to reduce workplace stress?

encourage independent and creative thinking

The positive stress that is felt when playing baseball is referred to as

eustress

Julio has never worked as a manager, but he was just promoted at his company. He just had his first conversation with HR to strategize about how he can both reward his employees and also combat the negative effects of stress on his team. Julio is thinking about offering benefits in the form of _____ and _____ as a way of keeping his team productive and engaged.

flexible scheduling; leisure time

Job burnout in employees can be reduced by _____. (Check all that apply.)

giving them a sense of control providing them with an opportunity for rewards providing them with a manageable workload

A tough personality type, characterized by the ability to meet challenges, a sense of dedication, and a feeling of being in control of life is known as a(n) _____ _____.

hardy personality

The "three Cs," challenge, commitment, and control, are the characteristics of a

hardy personality type.

People's perceptions of stressors, which may vary depending on personality, are known as _____ stressors.

internal

The term _____ refers to a mindset that creates internal stress by replacing a genuine belief with one that is destructive, irrational, and largely untrue.

irrational belief system

Which of the following is an example of an internal stressor?

irrational beliefs

The term _____ refers to changes in people's lives that increase their daily problems and leave them harassed and tired.

major life changes

Chronic stress can result in _____.

persistent illness

According to Albert Ellis's ABC approach to understanding stress, catastrophizing an event can _____.

reduce a person's capability to cope with the event

Before going on vacation, Philip worked almost 16 hours a day for a week to complete his work. Due to his stressful work schedule, he fell ill on the third day and spent the rest of his vacation recovering from the illness. In the context of the general adaptation syndrome, Philip is in the

stage of exhaustion.

A short-term effect of stress is that it _____.

stimulates the immune system and prepares it to fight the stressor

According to psychologists, _____ can be defined as the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made on it.

stress

A(n) _____ can be defined as a situation or event itself that causes stress.

stressor

Which of the following is an example of a chronic stressor?

the anger felt at being discriminated against because of your gender

According to Albert Ellis's ABC approach, which of the following is the biggest culprit for an individual's emotional stress and anxiety?

the belief about the activating event

According to Albert Ellis's ABC approach to understanding stress, the main culprit in people's emotional stress and anxiety is _____.

their belief regarding the activating event

Based on Hans Selye's GAS theory, during the stage of adaptation, an individual will _____.

trigger his or her parasympathetic nervous system

A long-term effect of stress is that it _____.

wears down the immune system