Ch.14- Personality Disorders

The contemporary psychodynamic approach to OCPD adds what focus to the Freudian concepts?

- Cognitive factors - Prior learning

A diagnosis of borderline personality disorder involves which of the following behaviors?

- Difficulty controlling anger - Chronic feelings of emptiness - Unstable and intense relationships

Which of the following are typical of a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

- Extremely perfectionistic - Has difficulty understanding how others feel - Has high standards for self and others

Which of the following are features of avoidant personality disorder?

- Feeling socially inferior - Perceiving oneself as lacking social skills - Staying away from social encounters

DSM-5 diagnostic criteria require that a person's behavior patterns must fit at least two of which of the following areas in order to receive a diagnosis of a personality disorder?

- Impulse control - Cognition - Interpersonal functioning - Affectivity

Which of the following represent the psychological perspective of borderline personality disorder?

- Inability to withstand distress - Lack of emotional regulation - Avoidance of emotionally uncomfortable situations

People with Cluster B personality disorders exhibit which of the following characteristics?

- Inflated self-importance - Impulsivity - High desire to seek stimulation

Which of the following are psychodynamic explanations of narcissistic personality disorder?

- It was once seen as a failure to progress beyond the early psychosexual stages - Current psychodynamic theorists see it as a failure to form an integrated sense of self

Alicia has been diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following might be some of her symptoms?

- Lack of remorse or regret - Manipulativeness - Failure to conform to social norms

Which of the following are features of schizoid personality disorder?

- Limited range of emotional expression - Lack of sexual involvement

Which of the following are features of people with dependent personality disorder?

- Passivity and agreeing with others - When alone feel despondent and abandoned - Clinging behaviors

What are the goals of dialectical behavior therapy?

- Reduce the frequency of the client's self-destructive acts - Increase the client's ability to handle emotional stressv

Dr. Allison is a cognitive-behavioral therapist treating Anna for avoidant personality disorder. Which of the following treatment techniques would Dr. Allison be most likely to use?

- Relationship training - Skills training - Graduated exposure

Which of the following are features of schizotypal personality disorder?

- Restricted affect - Difficulty forming accurate perceptions and cognitions - Unusual beliefs and experiences - Eccentric ideas

Which of the following are traits which have been shown to be associated with dependent personality disorder?

- Submissiveness - Insecure attachment - Anxiousness

Which of the following are features of the cognitive-behavioral approach to treating a person with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder?

- Teaching clients to articulate the automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes that interfere with establishing relationships - Using graduated exposure to social interaction

Which of the following are features of a cognitive-behavioral approach to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?

- There are unrealistic ideas of perfection - Feelings of self-worth depend on perfection - The ideal must be achieved

Which of the following are features of people with diagnoses of histrionic personality disorders?

- They are often flirtatious or seductive - They like to be the center of attention - They may behave theatrically

Which of the following features are typical of people diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder?

- They have a belief that they are exceptional - Their self-esteem is based on views of others - They have a strong sense of entitlement

Which of the following symptoms are more typical for women than for men diagnosed with borderline personality disorder?

- They have higher rates of eating disorders - They have higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders

Click and drag on elements in order According to the cognitive-behavioral perspective, what is the progression of the development of avoidant personality disorder? Place the following in order:

1. Hypersensitivity to shame 2 misinterpreting neutral or + remarks 3. Feeling hurt because of the misinterpretation 4. Retreating inward 5. Placing further distance between self & others

Researchers found what percentage of people diagnosed with borderline personality disorder free of symptoms after 10 years?

85%

Which of the following is true?

A first diagnosis of BPD in childhood or adolescence has the worst long-term consequences

What is emotional dysregulation?

An inability to regulate emotion

Elton has some long-standing inflexible traits that have caused him to be diagnosed with a personality disorder. He is involved in the legal system but says he intends to outsmart all the fancy lawyers; he is impulsive, lies to and manipulates others; and has no remorse for such actions. Which is the most likely personality disorder he has been diagnosed with?

Antisocial personality disorder

Emily has been hospitalized and diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her sister tells the clinician that Emily spends all her time "pestering" family members and is moody, demanding, and reckless. She talks continuously about not knowing what to do in her life. When Emily is interviewed, she tells the clinician that she feels empty all the time. Which of the following disorders is Emily's most likely diagnosis?

Borderline personality disorder

The personality disorder categories of paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal fall into which cluster of the DSM-5?

Cluster A

The personality disorders which focus on behaviors which are dramatic, emotional, or erratic are _______

Cluster B personality disorders

Which best summarizes the cognitive-behavioral perspective on the causes of avoidant personality disorder?

Hypersensitivity to shame

Which of the following is true in regard to gender differences in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder?

Men and women are equally diagnosed

Adam believes he is exceptional, should be treated as special, and is entitled to a promotion at work. He spends a considerable amount of time creating the right impression with people. His boss is getting a little tired of Adam's attempts to gain his approval and the approval of his coworkers. Adam saw a clinician several weeks ago and was diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which one is most likely?

Narcissistic personality disorder

Clarice is an accountant and has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. She is perfectionistic, work-focused to the exclusion of social relationships, and has strong opinions of right and wrong. Which of the following personality disorders best fits Clarice?

Obsessive-compulsive

A person diagnosed with which of the following disorders is usually seen by others as rigid and stubborn?

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Mareka has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her therapist asks her about how things are going in her life, and Mareka says her neighbor is trying to make trouble for her, her ex-husband is trying to get custody of their children, her employer is looking for an excuse to fire her, her boyfriend is probably cheating on her, and her coworkers are out to get her. Mareka likely has which type of personality disorder?

Paranoid

Which of the following would a cognitive-behaviorist endorse with regard to narcissistic personality disorder?

The underlying problem is the client's maladaptive ideas

True or false: The symptoms of those diagnosed with borderline personality disorder improve over time.

True

Dr. Bronikowski says that narcissism involves unworkable beliefs and maladaptive ideas. Dr. Bronikowski is most likely...

a cognitive-behavioral therapist

Research suggests that those with dependent personality disorder have an extremely high level of ______

agreeableness

Researchers believe that ______ is a more severe form of social anxiety disorder

avoidant personality disorder

Shelley's roommate wonders why she never accepts any social invitations. The roommate has also noticed that Shelley is sensitive to rejection and often interprets innocent remarks as ridicule. The roommate knows Shelley has recently seen a psychologist and been diagnosed with...

avoidant personality disorder

The main goal of therapists working in the cognitive-behavioral framework with someone with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder is to...

break the client's negative cycle of avoidance

Professor Tou explains to her Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has unrealistic expectations about being perfect and avoiding mistakes. This is a(n) ______ perspective

cognitive-behavioral

In the alternative personality disorder diagnostic system defined in Section 3 of the DSM-5, the number of personality disorder categories has been...

decreased

A person with a diagnosis of ____ personality disorder tends to be clinging and passive and must rely on others to make decisions

dependent

____ behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by Marsha Linehan for use with people diagnosed with BPD

dialectical

Instead of categorical ratings, the alternative system for diagnosing personality disorders, which is being offered on a trial basis in Section 3 of the DSM-5, uses _______ ratings

dimensional

A personality ____ may diagnosed when people become rigidly fixed on one particular trait or set of traits

disorder

A personality _______ is an ingrained way of relating to other people, situations, and events, characterized by a rigid and maladaptive pattern of inner experience and behavior

disorder

Abby's therapist and Abby have developed a hierarchy of social situations that range from not very threatening to very threatening. The therapist's strategy is to start with the least threatening and work up to assist Abby in not being so sensitive to rejection, to improve Abby's sense of unworthiness, and to assist her in having more relationships with others. This is a description of using _____ _____ to treat Abby's diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder

graduated exposure

A person high in _____ narcissism views himself as superior, unique, and entitled

grandiose

Professor Taylor explains to his Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has not progressed from or is constantly returning to the anal stage of psychosexual development. This is a ______ perspective

historic psychodynamic

A diagnosis of ____ personality disorder in the DSM-5 describes a person whose behavior revolves around the seeking of attention, usually in a "theatrical" way, wanting to be on stage, admired, and praised

histrionic

Each of the following are long-term negative consequences of BPD except...

intellectual impairment

People who are perfectionistic, define themselves by their accomplishments, have difficulty completing tasks because they find flaws in their work, set unrealistic standards for themselves, and can be overly moralistic would probably be diagnosed with _____

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Cluster A of the personality disorders of the DSM-5 is the...

odd, eccentric cluster

A person with a diagnosis of ____ personality disorder may be extremely suspicious of others and always on guard against potential danger or harm

paranoid

The term ____ describes suicidal gestures that are frequently made by a person with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder

parasuicide

One distinction between obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder is that obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is a(n) ______, whereas obsessive-compulsive disorder is a(n) ______

personality disorder; anxiety disorder

Dr. Fraser says that narcissism is the person's failure to progress beyond the early, highly self-focused stages of psychosexual development. Dr. Fraser is reflecting the...

psychodynamic perspective

A person with a diagnosis of ____ personality disorder might prefer to work in an isolated situation away from others

schizoid

A client is diagnosed with ______ personality disorder because she has odd, eccentric ideas and a confusing and distorted sense of self. She also has difficulty understanding the motivations and behaviors of others, and her personality traits fall along the extremely maladaptive end of the psychoticism dimension

schizotypal

Researchers have come to believe that ____ disorder is a less severe form of avoidant personality disorder

social anxiety

Marie has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. When she first saw her therapist, she immediately liked her, talked about her to everyone, and could not wait for her next session. When the therapist advised her that she would be relocating and it would be necessary to transfer her to a different therapist, Marie flew into a rage and told the therapist that she hated her and hoped she died. This is an example of...

splitting

The term ____ is used in the psychological profession to describe the way that people with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder relate to others. This means that their preoccupation with feelings of love for the object of their desire and attention can easily turn to extreme rage and hatred when the love object rejects them

splitting

The term parasuicide describes...

suicidal gestures

A personality ____ is an enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and others, a pattern that characterizes the majority of a person's interactions and experiences

trait

Those people with _______ have an internally weak sense of self and can become despondent when they feel someone is humiliating or betraying them

vulnerable narcissism