ch26 amh

1. Hoping to burnish his conservative credentials, President Richard Nixon refused to expand the welfare state.

F

10. As a Washington insider who had served three terms in the Senate, Jimmy Carter was well educated in domestic and foreign policies before becoming president.

F

2. Despite efforts by the Supreme Court, the South's public schools were still more segregated by 1990 than the North's.

F

9. Immediately after the end of the Vietnam War, Ford issued an unconditional pardon to all of the draft resisters.

F

3. Before the 1970s, the American Psychiatric Association listed homosexuality as a psychiatric disorder.

T

4. Richard Nixon and Henry Kissinger had an unconventional approach to the Cold War through the policy of détente, which lessened tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union.

T

5. The morale in the army during the later years of the Vietnam conflict mirrored the social changes sweeping America at home.

T

6. In 1973, Congress passed the War Powers Act, which required the president to seek congressional approval for the commitment of American troops overseas.

T

7. After Nixon left office, the Senate held hearings that revealed the FBI had spied on millions of Americans and had tried to disrupt the civil rights movement.

T

8. In 1971, for the first time in the twentieth century, the United States experienced a merchandise trade deficit.

T

45. What motivated the Sagebrush Rebellion?

a. A rising tide of antigovernment sentiment. c. The desire of western ranchers for local control of grazing rights on public lands.

1. Oliver North (T1)

a. Iran-Contra affair

44. Which of the following statements is NOT true of Proposition 13?

a. It did not result in fewer funds for libraries and schools, as opponents claimed it would.

37. How did the experience of the 1960s shape America's neoconservatives?

a. Neoconservatives came to believe that even the best-intentioned social programs did more harm than good.

60. What contradiction did the Reagan presidency reveal about modern conservatism?

a. Reagan's policies enriched investors and CEOs but eviscerated the economies and communities of the industrial heartland.

14. Why did the CIA seek to destabilize the government of Chile after 1970?

a. The country had elected socialist Salvador Allende into office.

19. In 1975, the Vietnam War ended:

a. as the only war lost by the United States.

52. The "Second Gilded Age":

a. could describe the 1980s, a decade where making deals was more profitable for companies than making products.

2. The Nixon Administration:

a. created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB).

1. Church Committee

a. investigated the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and CIA

28. In 1976, Jimmy Carter won the presidential race in part because he:

a. promised never to lie to Americans.

3. Nixon's Family Assistance Plan:

a. proposed to guarantee a minimum income for all Americans.

40. The Equal Rights Amendment:

a. stated that equality of rights under the law could not be abridged on account of sex. c. had originally been proposed in 1920 by former suffragists.

42. Opponents of the Equal Rights Amendment, like Phyllis Schlafly, argued that the passage of the ERA would:

a. take away a woman's right to be a housewife.

22. The Church Committee revealed that since the beginning of the Cold War:

a. the CIA and FBI had engaged in abusive actions.

53. Geraldine Ferraro is best known as:

a. the first female candidate on a major-party presidential ticket.

54. Bowers v. Hardwick:

a. upheld the constitutionality of state laws outlawing homosexual acts.

49. How did trickle-down economics claim to increase government tax revenues?

b. By lowering tax rates.

21. What did events surrounding the Watergate break-in and cover-up suggest about Richard Nixon?

b. He was willing to condone illegal activity if it would silence his political enemies.

11. Why did the gay and lesbian movement become a major concern for members of the political right after the late 1960s?

b. Thousands of new civil rights movements encouraged gays and lesbians to "come out."

35. In response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, President Carter pursued all of the following policies EXCEPT:

b. breaking off diplomatic relations with Pakistan.

39. The Moral Majority:

b. feared family values were being undermined.

59. Mikhail Gorbachev:

b. inaugurated political openness and economic reform in the Soviet Union.

36. During the 1970s, conservatives:

b. insisted on more local control and resisted the power of the federal government.

2. Pentagon Papers

b. presidential involvement in Vietnam

57. Determined to overturn the Vietnam syndrome, President Reagan:

b. sent troops to Grenada and Lebanon.

38. During the 1970s, evangelical Christians:

b. significantly increased in number, as they became more vocal.

2. Phyllis Schlafly (T1)

b. staunch opponent of the ERA

13. Which of the following best describes Nixon's foreign policy of "détente"?

c. As demonstrated by diplomatic visits to both China and the Soviet Union, Nixon sought a peaceful coexistence with communist nations.

50. What was Reagan's reaction to the air traffic controllers' strike?

c. He fired all of the air traffic controllers on strike.

15. "Vietnamization" was:

c. Nixon's Vietnam strategy to have American troops gradually withdraw and South Vietnamese troops assume more of the fighting.

7. What did the Supreme Court rulings San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez and Milliken v. Bradley suggest?

c. The Court was willing to abandon the idea overturning local control of schools.

16. What were the results of the U.S. invasion of neutral Cambodia in 1970?

c. The invasion destabilized the nation and ushered in a murderous regime.

17. What triggered the rise of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?

c. The invasion of U.S. troops in 1970.

41. How did Phyllis Schlafly and her supporters invoke the principle of freedom in the battle over the ERA?

c. They argued it was the "free enterprise system" that truly liberated American women, because home appliances freed them from time-consuming labor.

3. Proposition 13

c. ban on raising property taxes

29. The Three Mile Island nuclear plant:

c. brought a halt to the nuclear energy industry's expansion.

8. In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, the Supreme Court ruled that:

c. fixed affirmative action quotas were unconstitutional.

5. Richard Nixon's appointments to the Supreme Court were intended to:

c. lead the Court in a conservative direction.

33. The handling of the Iranian hostage crisis:

c. made Jimmy Carter appear weak and inept.

3. Henry Kissinger (T1)

c. national security adviser

1. Richard Nixon's New Federalism:

c. proposed that a system of block grants be assigned to states to spend as they saw fit.

20. When they were arrested, the burglars at the Watergate apartment complex were breaking into:

c. the Democratic Party headquarters.

58. The Iran-Contra affair:

c. was the greatest scandal of the Reagan administration.

31. Why did President Carter cut off aid to Argentina in 1978?

d. A brutal military dictatorship had emerged there, waging a dirty war against its own citizens.

32. Which of the following does NOT accurately describe the Iran Crisis?

d. After Carter refused the deposed shah entry for medical treatment in the United States, his exiled internal security force invaded the U.S. Embassy in Teheran and took American hostages.

6. Why did the fight over busing become so violent in Boston in the mid-1970s?

d. Boston's tightly knit Irish-American community in South Boston fought integration violently.

4. Jimmy Carter (T1)

d. Camp David Accords

47. Which of the following assessments of the Carter administration in 1980 is accurate?

d. Carter's approval ratings in 1980 had fallen lower than Nixon's at the time of his resignation.

9. Which of the following statements is NOT true of the impact of the sexual revolution?

d. Divorce rates actually declined during the 1970s, but the number of American women who had never been married went up.

18. Which of the following statements correctly describes the outcome of the My Lai Massacre?

d. One person was found guilty in this killing of 350 civilians, but was released in 1974.

26. Which of the following comparisons of wage trends for 1953 to 1973 and 1973 to 1993 is accurate?

d. Wages increased significantly in the first period but stagnated in the second.

23. Why had it been premature for liberals to celebrate the downfall of their political adversary Richard Nixon?

d. Watergate undermined public confidence in the merits of the federal government.

4. Philadelphia Plan

d. affirmative action

12. Under the Nixon administration, the United States:

d. continued to undermine Third World governments.

46. The election of 1980 reflected:

d. growing frustration over America's condition.

48. The Reagan Revolution:

d. included cuts to government programs.

25. The economic condition known as stagflation was caused by:

d. stagnant economic growth and high inflation.

34. In order to protect U.S. interests, the Carter Doctrine declared that the United States would:

d. use military force, particularly in the Persian Gulf.

43. What setback did the advocates of the Roe v. Wade decision of 1973 suffer in 1976?

e. Congress overrode Ford's veto and ended federal funding for abortion in the Medicaid program.

5. George Bush (T1)

e. Reagan's vice president

10. All of the following are evidence that freedom for women expanded in the 1970s EXCEPT:

e. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke.

24. What led to the congressional discovery that the FBI had spied on millions of Americans in the 1960s?

e. The Church Committee investigations.

55. What victory could cultural conservatives claim in 1986?

e. The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of state laws banning homosexual acts.

27. Domestically, President Gerald Ford:

e. failed to revive the economy.

4. Affirmative action was:

e. first pursued and then abandoned by the Nixon administration.

30. President Carter's foreign policy emphasized:

e. human rights as a diplomatic priority.

56. In foreign policy, Reagan:

e. initiated the largest military buildup in American history.

51. Reagan's economic policies:

e. resulted in a rise in economic inequality.

5. stagflation

e. slow economic growth and high inflation