Ch.4 History

how did merchant become the most wealthy and powerful member of towns

because they have huge business. also members of merchant guilds often sat on town councils

why were the homes of most town dwellers uncomfortable

cause it was cold, smokey, and dim, fireplaces were the only source of heat and light. windows were small and covered in oil parchments. little light came in

what were some leisure activities enjoyed by adults in medieval europe

chess checkers and bagammon card games, bets dance

what were some ways criminals were punished in medieval Europe

small crimes=stocks or jail, only family or friends can bring them food. big crimes = getting burned at stake or hanged

who did the church attitude toward mystery and miracle plays differ from that of most towns people

the church later on decided to disapprove them, but the people still loved to watch them act it out on streets and town squares

what did homes in in medieval European towns look like

the common homes were small crowded, built of wood. often many families live in one house. the rich were up to four stories high. the houses will seem to lean and some may touch the streets

why were towns in medieval europe dangerous places

there are pitpockets and theives, at knight its really dark cause there aren't any street lights

How did guilds help members and families of members

they provided help and protection doing a certain kind of work. guilds controlled the hours of work and set prices. they also dealt with complaints

what role did merchants play in the growth of medieval European towns

they ran sizable businesses and looked for trading opportunities far from home. merchant's guild came to dominate the business life of towns and cities. Also they would go to merchant fairs and at the fairs they sold everything.

how did the way in which those accused of crimes were treated begin to improve in the 12th century

they set up royal courts. the decisions of royal judges contributed to a growing body of common law.

what were merchant fairs like

they were large and they sold everything from house objects to fashion to work items

how were jews often mistreated in medieval Europe

they were not allowed to have land, couldn't earn a living, lords sometimes would take their land and belongings, but they could be bankers and money lenders.

what were some games that were popular with children in medieval europe

toys , dolls, wooden swords, hobby horse, roll hoops, bad minton, lawn bowling, and blind man's bluff

what were two methods for deciding the guilt or innocence of accused criminals in the early middle ages

trial by ordeal or combat, ex. being thrown into a well, if float guilty if sink innocent. combat ex. to fight and who wins will be innocent. believed that god will choose the winner. if too old they can pick who to fight for them

what are some examples of craft guilds in medieval Europe

cloth makers, cobblers, and stonemasons.

how did a person become a member of a guild

first become apprentice, then after 7 years,apprentice will create master piece for the guild to approve. then they can open their own business

how did unhealthy living conditions and limited medical knowledge affect life in medieval european towns

garbage was tossed into rivers streats and canals. usually bathed once a weak.rats and fleas were common and carried diseases.

What were guilds

guilds were an organization of people in the same craft or trade.

why was growing up in medieval towns difficult.

half the children die before thy become adults. those who survive prepare for adult roles at the age of seven. for the wealthy girls and boys bot go to school they learn how to paint and play music

what were some common practice used by medieval doctors

herbs, positions of the planets, magic charms, leaches to suck out the bad blood

why were guilds established

it helped and protected the people doing a certain kind of work and they maintained high standards

waht group were sometimes blamed when an outbreak of a disease occurred

jews

what were some common diseases in medieval europe

leprosy,measles, cholera, scarlet fever. leprosy spread so they are ordered to live by themselves away from town. also the bubonic plague is common. it is known as the black death

how were the lives of medieval girls different from those of modern girls

most girls married young earliest at the age of 12. most girls education was at home, learned cooking, cloth making and other skills for family.

what was the difference between mystery play and miracle play

mystery plays are the types of religious drama in the middle ages based on bible stories. miracle plays are the type of religious drama based about stories of saints. guilds would set up the plays and it would relate to their guild