Chap 2: Image Quality Factors

What is used to determine if the exposure factors were correct on a digital image? a. Exposure indicator number b. Visual clues (too light or too dark) c. Technique chart d. Optical density number

a. Exposure indicator number

In order to increase the penetration of the x-ray beam, which factor should be increased? a. Kilovoltage b. Milliamperage c. mAs d. Exposure time

a. Kilovoltage

The hardware and software for managing digital images is called: a. PACS b. CR c. DR d. AEC

a. PACS

The imaging system that provides an instantaneous digital image on a monitor is called: a. digital radiography b. computed radiography c. film-screen radiography d. anatomic programming

a. digital radiography

When a radiographic image is visible immediately after exposure, without the need for processing, the image receptor system is of the type called a. digital radiography (DR). b. computed radiography (CR). c. fluoroscopy. d. picture archiving and communications (PACS).

a. digital radiography (DR).

A variation in the size or shape of the image in comparison to the object it represents is called: a. distortion b. image contrast c. definition d. optical density

a. distortion

An increase in kVp affects the x-ray beam by causing it to a. have greater intensity. b. be more homogeneous. c. cover a larger area. d. contain more long wavelengths.

a. have greater intensity.

An image that is black in the darkest areas and white in the lightest areas is said to have a. high contrast. b. sharp detail. c. low contrast. d. poor detail.

a. high contrast

The mAs value of an exposure is varied to provide control of: a. radiation intensity b. image contrast c. image detail d. radiographic distortion

a. radiation intensity

Which statement is false regarding digital annotation? a. Annotations should be added outside of imaged anatomy. b. Annotation of side markers has replaced the use of traditional inherent markers. c. Annotation may be used to add explanatory notes for the radiologist. d. Annotation may be used to specify the patient position or projection, i.e., upright, cross-table.

b. Annotation of side markers has replaced the use of traditional inherent markers.

The inverse square law states that radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the: a. mA b. SID c. T d. kVp

b. SID

When a large OID causes poor image detail, this can be compensated to some degree by increasing the a. kVp. b. SID. c. mAs. d. field size.

b. SID

An image receptor that contains a photostimulable plate that is converted to an image by processing with a laser is part of a system called a. digital radiography (DR). b. computed radiography (CR). c. a film/screen system. d. digital fluoroscopy.

b. computed radiography (CR).

The four prime factors of radiographic exposure are exposure time, milliamperage, kilovoltage, and: a. optical density b. source-image distance c. object-image distance d. image detail

b. source-image distance

When all other exposure factors are equal, which exposure time would produce the greatest quantity of x-rays? a. 1 millisecond b. 10 milliseconds c. 0.1 seconds d. 0.01 seconds

c. 0.1 seconds

An x-ray exposure is made using the following factors: 200 mA, 0.04 seconds, 80 kVp, and 48 inches SID. In this case, which represents the value of the mAs? a. 0.08 b. 0.8 c. 8 d. 16,000

c. 8

Magnification is affected by a. OID only. b. SID only. c. both OID and SID. d. neither OID nor SID.

c. both OID and SID.

Image detail is affected by a. mAs and kVp. b. kVp and SID. c. focal spot size and patient motion. d. focal spot size and mAs.

c. focal spot size and patient motion.

The prime factor that controls the wavelength of the x-ray beam is: a. milliamperage b. exposure time c. kilovoltage d. object-image distance

c. kilovoltage

Radiation exposure is directly proportional to a. OID. b. kVp. c. mAs. d. SID.

c. mAs

When a change in SID necessitates a change in another factor in order to maintain image quality, the factor used to compensate is a. kVp. b. SID. c. mAs. d. field size.

c. mAs

Which of the following factors is not affected by a change in the mA setting? a. optical density b. anode heat c. object-image distance d. radiation intensity

c. object-image distance

An increase in OID will result in 1. increased magnification. 2. decreased image detail. 3. increased image detail. a. 1 only b. 2 only c. 1 and 2 d. 1 and 3

d. 1 and 3

Which term is defined as a measure of current flow rate in the x-ray tube circuit? a. mAs b. kVp c. Exposure time d. Milliamperage

d. Milliamperage

Which of the following factors is used to control image contrast? a. mA b. SID c. OID d. kVp

d. kVp

The prime factor that controls the rate at which x-rays are produced is: a. exposure time b. kilovoltage c. milliampere-seconds d. milliamperage

d. milliamperage

Unequal magnification of various portions of the radiographic subject affects the image factor called a. optical density. b. image contrast. c. image detail. d. shape distortion.

d. shape distortion.