Chapter 01 Review

14. The average distance from Earth to the Sun is 150 megameters. What is that distance in meters? A. 1. 5 × 1 0 8 m B. 1. 5 × 10 6 m C. 1. 5 × 1 0 5 m D. 1. 5 × 1 0 3 m E. 1. 5 × 10 - 6 m

A

2. Select the best statement. A. Physical changes may be reversed by changing the temperature. B. Physical changes alter the composition of the substances involved. C. Physical properties are not valid characteristics for identifying a substance. D. Physical properties are mostly extensive in nature. E. Physical changes are usually accompanied by chemical changes.

A

11. A dictionary has the following definition for a word: "A tentative explanation that accounts for a set of facts." Which of the following words best fits that definition? A. theory B. hypothesis C. law D. experiment E. definition

B

13. The distance between carbon atoms in ethylene is 134 picometers. Which of the following expresses that distance in meters? A. 1.34 × 10 -13 m B. 1.34 × 10 -12 m C. 1.34 × 10 -10 m D. 1.34 × 10 -7 m E. 1.34 × 10 -6 m

C

15. The mass of a sample is 550 milligrams. Which of the following expresses that mass in kilograms? A. 5.5 × 108 kg B. 5.5 × 105 kg C. 5.5 × 10 -4 kg D. 5.5 × 10 -6 kg E. 5.5 × 10-1 kg

C

17. Which of the following represents the largest volume? A. 10,000 µL B. 1000 pL C. 100 mL D. 10 nL E. 10 cm3

C

3. Select the best statement. A. Chemical changes provide the only valid basis for identification of a substance. B. Chemical changes are easily reversed by altering the temperature of the system. C. Chemical changes always produce substances different from the starting materials. D. Chemical changes are associated primarily with extensive properties. E. Chemical changes are accompanied by changes in the total mass of the substances involved.

C

4. Which of the following is a chemical change? A. boiling of water B. melting wax C. broiling a steak on a grill D. condensing water vapor into rainfall E. carving a piece of wood

C

18. You prepare 1000. mL of tea and transfer it to a 1.00-quart pitcher for storage. Which of the following statements is true? A. The pitcher will be filled to 100% of its capacity with no tea spilled. B. The pitcher will be filled to about 95% of its capacity. C. The pitcher will be filled to about 50% of its capacity. D. The pitcher will be completely filled and a small amount of tea will overflow. E. The pitcher will be completely filled and most of the tea will overflow.

D

6. During the swing of a frictionless pendulum, what energy form(s) remain constant? A. kinetic energy only B. potential energy only C. both kinetic energy and potential energy D. kinetic plus potential energy E. None of these choices are correct.

D

16. A dose of medication was prescribed to be 35 microliters. Which of the following expresses that volume in centiliters? A. 3.5 × 105 cL B. 3.5 × 104 cL C. 3.5 cL D. 3.5 × 10 -4 cL E. 3.5 × 10-3 cL

E

5. Water vapor is less dense than ice because A. molecules in the gas phase are in constant motion. B. molecules in the gas phase have more potential energy than in solids. C. molecules in the gas phase have more kinetic energy than in solids. D. gaseous molecules have less mass. E. molecules in the gas phase have more space between them than in solids.

E

9. Which of the following activities is not a part of good science? A. proposing a theory B. developing a hypothesis C. making quantitative observations D. designing experiments E. indulging in speculation

E