Chapter 1 Essential Computer Concepts

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________ are computers typically used by one person in a home or office.

Personal computers

The type of memory that temporarily holds data and programs while the computer is on is called...

RAM

What temporarily stores data and programs while you are using them?

RAM

What do you call a named collection of data stored on a disk?

a file

What is a megabyte?

about a million bytes

What do you call each 1 or 0 used in the representation of computer data?

bit

A(n) __________ is a series if eight bits

byte

The transmission protocol between a computer and its peripheral devices is handled by a...

data bus

A ______ is created by a user; for instance, a report you write with a word executable.

data file

Which of the following acts as a locked door on a computer?

firewall

________________ is similar to ROM except that it can be written to more than once.

flash memory

A(n)______________ is system software that acts as a liaison between the user and the computer's...

graphical user interface (GUI)

To display graphics, a computer needs a monitor and a ___________.

graphics card or processor

A printed copy of computer output is called __________.

hard copy

A(n)____________ is magnetic storage media usually sealed in a case inside the computer

hard disk (hard drive)

_______refers to the physical components of a computer.

hardware

A _______, or link, is a place on a Web page that is programmed to connect to a particular file on the same network server, or even on a network server on the other side of the globe.

hyperlink

What telecommunications hard ware is needed to convert digital signals to analog signals?

modem

Processing tasks occur on the _________ which contains the processing hardware- the computer's major electronic components- and the is located inside of the computer.

motherboard

Which of the following is a pointing device that allows you to control the pointer by moving...

mouse

Each computer that is part of the network must have a(n) ________.

network interface card (NIC)

keyboards, monitors, and printers are all examples of which of the following?

peripheral devices

_________ is the practice of sending e-mail messages to customers or potential customers...

phishing

Modifying data is referred to as____________.

processing

What part of the computer is responsible for executing instructions to process information?

processor

A computer on a network that acts as the central storage location for programs and data used...

server

The intangible components of a computer system, including the programs, are called

software

_____________ are the technical details about each hardware component

specifications

A program that tracks a user's internet usage without the user's permission is called...

spyware

A ________ is a portion, or "clipping," of a web page that is frequently updated.

web slice

Which of the following storage media is not a magnetic storage device?

DVD

________ are designed to sit compactly on a desk and run on power from an electrical outlet.

Desktop computers

Allows you to communicate with other users on a network such as the Internet.

Email

_______ are small computers designed to fit in the palm of your hand and usually have more limited capabilities than PCs.

Handheld computers

The ______ is a worldwide collection of computer networks that allow people to communicate and exchange information quickly and easily.

Internet

__________ are typically used by larger businesses and government agencies to centrally store, process, and manage large amounts of data.

Mainframe

Which one of the following would not be considered a personal computer: Desktop, Notebook, Mainframe, Tablet PC?

Mainframe.

Which one of the following is system software?

Microsoft Windows

_______ are small, lightweight, and designed for portability.

Notebook computers

Which of the following permanently stores the set of instructions that the computer uses...

CPU cache

A ______ is a electronic device that accepts information and instructions from a user, manipulates the information according to the instructions, displays the information in some way, and stores the information for retrieval later.

Computer


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