Chapter 1: Intro to Child Health and Pediatric Nursing

With the emphasis on reducing costs, _______ guidance and education by pediatric nurses has become ever more important.

Anticipatory

A nurse manager on a pediatric floor is preparing an education program on working with families for a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following should the nurse include when discussing the developmental theory?

D. Defines consistencies in how families change

The nurse is updating the records of a 10-year-old girl who had her appendix removed. Which action could jeopardize the privacy of the child's medical records? A. Changing identification and passwords monthly. B. Letting another nurse use the nurse's log-in session. C. Closing files before stepping away from computer. D. Printing out confidential information for transmittal.

B. Letting another nurse use the nurse's log-in session.

Which nursing activity requires the pediatric nurse to implement the ethical principle of nonmaleficence? A. Encouraging an adolescent client to take ownership of her health status independent of her parents. B. Weighing the potential harm caused by a child's chemotherapy with its potential benefits. C. Mediating between a father, who wants his infant circumcised, and the mother who is opposed. D. Providing empathic, holistic care to a family who has just learned that their child's prognosis is poor.

B. Weighing the potential harm caused by a child's chemotherapy with its potential benefits.

Place the following federal programs in the proper order of their enactment. 1. Aid to dependent families and children.1935-1996 2. Support research on children and family issues. 1962 3. Children's Bureau 1912/1913 4. Medicaid coverage for poor children. 1965 5. Special education in public schools. 1975

Children's Bureau 1912 Aid to dependent families and children. 1935 Support research on children and family issues. 1962 Medicaid coverage for poor children. 1965 Special education in public schools. 1975

Describe the components of case management

Collaborative process involving assessment, planning, implementation, coordination, monitoring, and evaluation Advocacy, communication, and resource management Client-focused comprehensive care across a continuum Coordinated care with an interdisciplinary approach

Clinical nurse specialist

Consults in an area of expertise

The nursery nurse is preparing a consent form for the circumcision of a newborn. The mother of child is 16 years of age. The baby's father is not participating in the care. When planning to complete the surgical consent, which action by the nurse is most appropriate? A. Ask the grandmother of the newborn to sign the surgical consent. B. Determine if the baby's father is older than 18 years and if so ask for him to sign. C. Recommend that the court appoint a guardian for the baby. D. Ask the baby's mother to sign the surgical consent.

D. Ask the baby's mother to sign the surgical consent.

What does the term "child mortality rates" refer to?

Defined as the number of deaths per 100,000 population in children between 1 and 14 years of age.

Children's medical records are only shared with legal parents, ________, or others with written authorization by the parents.

Guardians

Case manager

Integrates care from before admission to after discharge

The comparatively high rate of infant _____ is believed to be related to the high incidence of low-birth-weight infants being born.

Mortality

Family nurse practitioner

Provides health care across the life span

The current health care delivery system, based on diagnostic-related groups, improve access to preventative care, but limit access to _______ care.

Speciality

Neonatal nurse practitioner

Speciality within a specialty

What are the three levels of care provided by pediatric nurses?

The primary level- Focuses on health promotion and illness prevention and typically occurs in the community. Provided in clinics, offices, schools, homes, and child care facilities. The secondary level- Provided in acute treatment centers that focus on diagnosis and treatment of illness. The tertiary level- Involves restorative, rehabilitation, hospice, and home care settings.

Name the 6 standards of care formulated by the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the society of Pediatric Nurses (SPN). What is the purpose of these standards?

The standards are assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The purpose of the standards is to specify what is adequate and effective for general pediatric nursing and to promote consistency in practice.

More children and adolescents die from ______ injuries than any other cause.

Unintentional

Which child represents an increasingly common pediatric medical scenario currently present in the United States? A. 9 year old girl diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. B. 13 year old boy admitted with a fall induced fractured femur. C. 4 year old girl diagnosed with non Hodgkin lymphoma. D. 5 year old neonate diagnosed with Tetralogy of Fallot.

A. 9-year-old girl diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

A child's parents have stated that they are adamantly opposed to a transfusion of packed red blood cells for their daughter, despite her critically low hemoglobin level. What action should the nurse perform first? A. Provide health education about the need for the transfusion while remaining nonjudgmental. B. Explore the rationale for the refusal by dialoguing with the parents. C. Describe the relationship between the daughter's health and the recommended treatment. D. Collaborate with the primary care provider to present alternatives.

A. Provide health education about the need for the transfusion while remaining nonjudgmental.

The nurse is talking with the mother of a 2-year-old girl during a scheduled visit. Which teaching subject least supports the emphasis on preventive care? A. Reminding that child will imitate parents. B. Explaining how to toddler proof the house. C. Describing self-care for brushing teeth. D. Explaining how to teach self-hand washing.

A. Reminding that child will imitate parents.

The nurse is assessing a 9-year-old boy during a back-to-school check-up. Which finding is a factor for childhood injury? A. Records show child weighted 2,450 at birth. B. Mother reports she has abused alcohol and drugs. C. The parents adopted the boy from Guatemala. D. Mother reports the child is hostile to other children.

B. Mother reports she has abused alcohol and drugs.

Pediatric nurse practitioner

Certified specialist

A nurse is reviewing morbidity data related to a recent outbreak of severe influenza in the community. This epidemiologic information will allow the nurse to determine: A. The severity of each child's illness after being diagnosed with influenza. B. The main health factors associated with the development of childhood influenza in the community. C. The role that influenza has played in the deaths of any children in the community. D. What proportion of children in the community have recently been diagnosed with influenza

D. What proportion of children in the community have recently been diagnosed with influenza.

What is the purpose of the government's Healthy People agenda?

Healthy People originated in 1979. The principle behind the report was to set national objectives and provide a means to monitor progress. The report incorporates input from public health and prevention experts; federal, state, and local governments; and more than 2,000 organizations.

A nurse is considering employment in a practice that promotes family-centered care. When considering this position, the nurse recognizes that this philosophy will: A. Embrace teaching the parents to manage the health care needs of their child. B. Promote the involvement of the child and parents as members of the health care team. C. Focus primarily on the use of herbal remedies to manage health concerns. D. Consider the wishes of the child as the leading force in planning care.

B. Promote the involvement of the child and parents as members of the health care team.

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy with a debilitating illness who wants to attend school. Which intervention addresses the child's physical health but not his quality of life? A. Helping the child modify trendy clothing to his needs. B. Consulting with the school nurse at the child's school. C. Assessing the child's daily oxygen supplement needs. D. Adapting technologies for use outside of the home.

C. Assessing the child's daily oxygen supplement needs.

The nurse is applying the nursing process to the care of a 5-year-old child who has been diagnosed with asthma. Which action should the nurse perform first? A. Identify the nursing diagnoses that are most commonly associated with childhood asthma. B. Teach the child and the caregivers basic strategies for preventing and managing asthma symptoms. C. Interview the child and the caregivers to determine the most common causes of the child's symptoms. D. Collaborate with the child and the caregivers to determine their specific, desired outcomes for care.

C. Interview the child and the caregivers to determine the most common causes of the child's symptoms.

The parents of a 12-year-old child preparing to undergo surgery explain to the nurse that their religious beliefs do not allow for blood transfusions. What initial action by the nurse is most appropriate? A. Explain to the parents that the surgeon will make the final decision in the event a blood transfusion is needed by the child. B. Ask the child what their preference will be. C. Contact the hospital attorney. D. Document the parent's requests.

D. Document the parents requests.

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis whose parents are intensely interested in all aspects of the child's condition and care. Which intervention is least important for empowering these health care consumers? A. Teaching the parents how to perform chest physiotherapy. B. Educating the parents about the lung transplant list. C.Keeping the family apprised of all developments in care. D. Locating the best deal on a high-frequency chest compression vest.

D. Locating the best deal on a high-frequency chest compression vest.

The school nurse is caring for several children who witnessed an 8-year-old girl get hit by a car on the way to school. Which intervention is least important to the nursing plan of care for these children? A. Determining that the children were traumatized by what they saw. B. Arranging for counseling for the children who saw the accident. C. Including friends of the injured child to receive counseling. D. Making phone calls to the parents of the children counseled.

D. Making phone calls to the parents of the children counseled.