Chapter 1: Introduction to Python 3
Because 0s and 1s are hard to comprehend, programmers soon created programs called assemblers to automatically translate human readable instructions, such as "Mul 97, #9, 98", known as __________, into machine instructions.
Assembly Language Instructions
A new variable is created by performing an _________ (using the = symbol, such as salary = wage * hours * weeks) which creates a new variable called salary.
Assignment
Binary digits are __________.
Bits
A logic error is often called a __________.
Bug
A common word for the textual representation of a program.
Code
'#' characters denote __________, which are optional but can be used to explain portions of code to a human reader.
Comments
A __________ is to forget the comma between items, as in print('Name' user_name).
Common Error
To support high-level languages, programmers created ___________, which are programs that automatically translate high-level language programs into executable programs.
Compilers
Creating a sequence of instructions to solve a problem.
Computational Thinking
Abrupt and unintended termination of a program is often called a __________ of the program.
Crash
a sequence of machine instructions together form an __________ (sometimes just called an __________).
Executable Program or Executable
__________ are code that return a value when evaluated.
Expressions
In the 1960s and 1970s, programmers created __________ to support programming using formulas or algorithms, so a programmer could write a formula like F = (9 /5 ) * C + 32.
High-level Languages
The lines of the program are not properly indented.
Indentation Error
A program gets data, perhaps from a file, keyboard, touchscreen, network, etc.
Input
To support different calculations, circuits called processors were created to process (aka execute) a list of desired calculations, each calculation called an __________.
Instruction
A program that allows the user to execute one line of code at a time.
Interactive Interpreter
A row of text.
Line
Some errors may be subtle enough to silently misbehave, instead of causing a runtime error and a crash. The program would load correctly, but would not behave as intended. Such an error is known as a __________.
Logic Error
Instructions represented as 0s and 1s are known as __________.
Machine Instructions
A __________ is a circuit that can store 0s and 1s in each of a series of thousands of addressed locations, like a series of addressed mailboxes that each can store an envelope (the 0s and 1s).
Memory
The program tries to use a variable that does not exist.
Name Error
Output can be moved to the next line by printing "\n", known as a __________.
Newline Character
Python is an __________ language, meaning the community of users participate in defining the language and creating new interpreters, and is supported by a large community of programmers.
Open-Source
A program puts that data somewhere, such as to a file, screen, or network.
Output
A program performs computations on that data, such as adding two values like x + y.
Process
To support different calculations, circuits called __________ were created to process (aka execute) a list of desired calculations, each calculation called an instruction.
Processors
A computer program consists of instructions executing one at a time.
Program
The programmer-created sequence of instructions is called a __________.
Program, Application, or just App.
The interactive interpreter displays a __________ (">>>") that indicates the interpreter is ready to accept code.
Prompt
A computer program that executes code written in the Python programming language.
Python Interpreter
The program may have another kind of error called a __________, wherein a program's syntax is correct but the program attempts an impossible operation, such as dividing by zero or multiplying strings together (like 'Hello' * 'ABC').
Runtime Error
As computing evolved throughout the 1960s and 1970s, programmers began creating __________ to execute programs without the need for compilation.
Scripting Languages
A __________ is a program instruction.
Statement
The input obtained by input() is any text that a user typed, including numbers, letters, or special characters like # or @. Such text in a computer program is called a __________.
String
Text enclosed in quotes is known as a __________.
String Literal
One kind of mistake, known as a __________, is to violate a programming language's rules on how symbols can be combined to create a program.
Syntax Error
Any space, tab, or newline is called __________.
Whitespace
A sequence of instructions that solves a problem.
Algorithm
A __________ determines how a value can behave. (Ex: Strings and integers)
Type
An operation uses incorrect types - can occur if adding an integer to a string.
Type Error
An invalid value is used - can occur if giving letters to int().
Value Error
Programs use variables to refer to data, like x, y, and z below. The name is due to a variable's value "varying" as a program assigns a variable like x with new values.
Variables
The __________ function displays variables or expression values.
print()