Chapter 1 Nutrition
the dietary characteristic of providing all of the essential nutrients, fiber, and energy in amounts sufficient to maintain health and body weight
Adequacy
What are the five characteristics of a nutritious diet
Adequacy, balance, calorie control, moderation, and variety
What are some other factors that influences peoples daily food choices
Advertising, personal preference, habit, social pressure, availability, cost, positive or negative associations, health, etc
The dietary characteristic of providing foods of a number of types in proportion to each other, such that foods rich in some nutrients do not crowd out of the diet foods that are rich in other nutrients
Balance
Why are dietary supplements not appropriate substitutes for food
Because food offers more than just the six basic nutrients
control energy intake, a feature of a sound diet plan
Calorie Control
units of energy
Calories
The extent to which foods support good health depends on the
Calories, nutrients, and nonnutrients they contain
long-duration degenerative diseases characterized by deterioration of body organs
Chronic Diseases
Consumers today spend almost half of their food budget on meal outside the home because they value
Convenience
Having an awareness and acceptance of one's own and other's cultures and abilities leading to effective interactions with all kinds of people
Cultural competence
What is a factor that influences food choice
Cultural traditions
The thread-like molecule that encodes genetic information in its structure
DNA
Habitual intake of foods and beverages over time
Eating pattern
The capacity to do work
Energy
Scientist discover nutrition facts by conducting _____________ using the scientific method
Experiments
The three energy yielding nutrients are
Fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
Medically, any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable it to stay alive and to grow
Food
_________ helps maintain the intestine and conveys messages of comfort to the brain
Food
The sum of a culture's habits, customs, beliefs, and preference concerning food
Foodways
Units of a cell's inheritance
Genes
The full complement of genetic information in the chromosomes of a cell
Genome
units of weight
Grams
The book that list health objective from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Healthy People
Beans, peas, and lentils valued as inexpensive sources of protein, vitamins, and minerals, and fiber that contribute little fat to the diet
Legumes
any condition caused by excess or deficient food energy or nutrient intake or by an imbalance of nutrients
Malnutrition
the dietary characteristic of providing constituents within set limits, not to excess
Moderation
Components of food that are indispensable to the body's functioning; they provide energy, serve as building material, help maintain or repair body parts, and support growth
Nutrients
The study of nutrients in foods and in the body
Nutrition
People who eat foods of both plant and animal origin, including animal flesh
Omnivores
Compounds in plant-derived foods
Phytochemicals
Confer color, taste, and other characteristics to foods
Phytochemicals
In addition to nutrients foods also contain
Phytochemicals
Single studies must be ___________ before findings can be confirmed and considered valid
Replicated
A key to wise diet planning is to make sure that the foods you eat daily your _______ foods, are especially nutritious
Staple
_____________ sets ten-year health objectives for the nation
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
the dietary characteristic of providing a wide selection of foods- the opposite of monotony
Variety
Having biological activity in the body
bioactive
What is the problem with elemental diets
cant help with optimal growth, and health. They can often lead to medical complications
Styles of cooking
cuisines
The foods including the beverages a person eats and drinks
diet
Pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients
dietary supplements
Diets composed of purified ingredients of known chemical composition
elemental diets
Nutrient dense foods are rich in nutrients relative to their ___________ content
energy
The human body uses _______ to move and work and it comes indirectly from the sun by way of plants
energy
The nutrients the body can use for energy
energy-yielding nutrients
If a nutrient is ____________ that means the body cant make them for itself
essential
Foods associated with particular cultural subgroups within a population
ethnic foods
Nutrition is the science of how _____ nourishes the body
food
staple foods are
foods you eat daily
A measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food
nutrient density
To control calories while making your diet adequate, you should choose foods with high
nutrient density
Four of the six nutrients your body needs are _____, or carbon containing
organic
The body also requires _________ kinds of nutrients
six
People who exclude from their diets animal flesh and possibly other animal products such as milk, cheese, and eggs
vegetarians
The fifth and sixth classes of nutrients are (act as regulators)
vitamins and minerals
Foremost among the six classes of nutrients in food is
water