Chapter 10

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Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common:1) basophil2) eosinophil3) lymphocyte4) monocyte5) neutrophil

5, 3, 4, 2, 1

Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________ and ________.

7.35; 7.45

What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?

Agglutination

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________.

RhoGAM

Which of these steps of hemostasis results in the creation of long, hairlike molecules of insoluble fibrin?

The reaction between thrombin and fibrinogen

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?

To inhibit the formation of clots

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

albumin

Erythrocytes ________.

lack a nucleus and most organelles

In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________.

leukocytes and platelets

Jordan works in a hematology lab and processed a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells/mm3 of blood for a patient. He suspects this patient has a bacterial infection leading to ________.

leukocytosis

Old red blood cells are removed from the blood by macrophages in what organ?

spleen

Bleeding disorders can result from the lack of ________.

vitamin K

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) ________.

B, O

What is blood serum?

Blood plasma minus the clotting proteins

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?

Fibrin

What is not contained in the plasma of blood?

Hemoglobin

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

Hemophilia

Which organ is largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors?

Liver

Which of the following is not a descendent of the myeloid stem cell line?

Lymphocyte

What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?

Megakaryocyte

The "universal donor" is blood type ________.

O

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?

Sickle cell anemia (SCA)

Carbonic acid reversibly dissociates to form ________ and ________, without the need of an enzyme.

bicarbonate : hydrogen ion

Erythrocytes are synthesized in the ________ under the control of ________.

bone marrow : erythropoietin

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called ________.

cross matching

The transportation of oxygen in the blood is the responsibility of ________.

erythrocytes

What hematopoietic growth factor controls red blood cell synthesis, and what organ releases it?

erythropoietin : kidney

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as ________.

hemophilia

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________.

physiologic jaundice

The capability of white blood cells to locate areas of damaged tissue and infection by responding to certain chemicals is ________.

positive chemotaxis

What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?

red bone marrow/ Erythropoietin

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?

Eosinophil

What component of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen?

Hemoglobin

Which blood type lacks antigens for the ABO blood group yet carries anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

O

For a person with blood type A, the body perceives blood type B as a(n) ________.

antigen

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood

erythrocyte

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.

hematocrit

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________.

positive

A blood clot traveled to a small vessel in Mr. Zeng's lungs and became lodged there. How should this moving clot be named?

An embolus

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?

Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate type A blood.

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

Coagulation

Shakira is taking an antihistamine medication due to several itchy mosquito bites. This medication blocks the release of histamine from ________.

basophils

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?

blood type O

A hematocrit is a measure of ________.

the percentage of blood that is comprised of red blood cells

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.

agglutination

Life at a high altitude, where less oxygen is available, can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as ________.

polycythemia

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________.

30 percent

Which of the following statements is NOT accurate with respect to erythrocytes?

They migrate into infected regions of tissue.

A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition?

Leukocytosis

Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________.

an Rh-negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive

What triggers erythropoietin release?

decreased blood oxygen levels


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