Chapter 10
Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common:1) basophil2) eosinophil3) lymphocyte4) monocyte5) neutrophil
5, 3, 4, 2, 1
Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________ and ________.
7.35; 7.45
What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?
Agglutination
The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________.
RhoGAM
Which of these steps of hemostasis results in the creation of long, hairlike molecules of insoluble fibrin?
The reaction between thrombin and fibrinogen
Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?
To inhibit the formation of clots
Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?
Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.
albumin
Erythrocytes ________.
lack a nucleus and most organelles
In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contains ________.
leukocytes and platelets
Jordan works in a hematology lab and processed a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells/mm3 of blood for a patient. He suspects this patient has a bacterial infection leading to ________.
leukocytosis
Old red blood cells are removed from the blood by macrophages in what organ?
spleen
Bleeding disorders can result from the lack of ________.
vitamin K
A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s) ________.
B, O
What is blood serum?
Blood plasma minus the clotting proteins
What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?
Fibrin
What is not contained in the plasma of blood?
Hemoglobin
Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?
Hemophilia
Which organ is largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors?
Liver
Which of the following is not a descendent of the myeloid stem cell line?
Lymphocyte
What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?
Megakaryocyte
The "universal donor" is blood type ________.
O
Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?
Sickle cell anemia (SCA)
Carbonic acid reversibly dissociates to form ________ and ________, without the need of an enzyme.
bicarbonate : hydrogen ion
Erythrocytes are synthesized in the ________ under the control of ________.
bone marrow : erythropoietin
Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipients' serum is called ________.
cross matching
The transportation of oxygen in the blood is the responsibility of ________.
erythrocytes
What hematopoietic growth factor controls red blood cell synthesis, and what organ releases it?
erythropoietin : kidney
Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as ________.
hemophilia
The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________.
physiologic jaundice
The capability of white blood cells to locate areas of damaged tissue and infection by responding to certain chemicals is ________.
positive chemotaxis
What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?
red bone marrow/ Erythropoietin
Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?
Eosinophil
What component of a red blood cell binds and transports oxygen?
Hemoglobin
Which blood type lacks antigens for the ABO blood group yet carries anti-A and anti-B antibodies?
O
For a person with blood type A, the body perceives blood type B as a(n) ________.
antigen
Which formed element is the most abundant in blood
erythrocyte
The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.
hematocrit
If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh ________.
positive
A blood clot traveled to a small vessel in Mr. Zeng's lungs and became lodged there. How should this moving clot be named?
An embolus
Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?
Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate type A blood.
What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?
Coagulation
Shakira is taking an antihistamine medication due to several itchy mosquito bites. This medication blocks the release of histamine from ________.
basophils
Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?
blood type O
A hematocrit is a measure of ________.
the percentage of blood that is comprised of red blood cells
When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.
agglutination
Life at a high altitude, where less oxygen is available, can lead to a red blood cell disorder known as ________.
polycythemia
Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding ________.
30 percent
Which of the following statements is NOT accurate with respect to erythrocytes?
They migrate into infected regions of tissue.
A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition?
Leukocytosis
Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________.
an Rh-negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive
What triggers erythropoietin release?
decreased blood oxygen levels