Chapter 10: Emotional Development and Attachment

Which of the following are types of infant cries?

the pain cry the basic cry the anger cry

Research finds that women are more vulnerable to social and life stressors and are more likely to respond by ___________.

using a tend-and-befriend pattern.

Bowlby

infants and caregivers are biologically predisposed to form attachments

Freud

infants become attached to the person who provides oral satisfaction

A moderate amount of contribution to relationships and other relationship problems are signs of adults with __________ attachment styles.

insecure

Which of these are two factors that can result in an infant showing fear as early as 3 months?

neglect abuse

Which of the following statements are true regarding face-to-face play?

It includes vocalization, touch, and gestures. It begins when the infant is about 2 to 3 months of age.

Feelings such as joy, enthusiasm, and love are classified as ___________ emotions.

positive

Which type of infant smile does not depend on external stimuli?

reflexive

___________ attached infants feel comfortable and safe to explore their environment.

Secure

Which theory explains why older adults spend more time?

Socioemotional selectivity theory

Caregivers of ___________ babies tend to be inconsistent when responding to their babies.

resistant

Erikson

a sense of trust is the foundation for attachment

Researchers have identified several types of primary emotions in infancy, including:

sadness anger joy

The close emotional attachment between mothers and infants is called _____________.

attachment

Emotions are influenced by:

both nature and nurture.

Adults that are _________ attached have more positive romantic relationships.

securely

Kagan

degrees of inhibition to the unfamiliar

Romantic love has strong components of __________ and infatuation.

sexuality

In general, infant fear first emerges at __________ months and peaks at about ___________ months.

6 months 8 months

An individuals behavioral style and characteristic way of responding is his or her ____________.

temperament

Mikulincer and Shaver (2013) have stated which of the following benefits of secure attached individuals?

Have the ability to control their emotions Have self esteem Have well integrated sense of self-acceptance

Chess & Thomas

easy, difficult, slow to warm up

Rothbart & Bates

extraversion, negative affectivity, and effortful control

Men have been observed to be most likely to react to stress with a __________ or ___________ response, which can involve either aggressive actions or a withdrawal response.

fight or flight

What is the name given to parents who view it as their role to deny, ignore, or change negative emotions in their children?

Emotion-dismissing parents

Which of the following are considered to be at the core of our relationships?

Emotions