Chapter 10: Nervous System

What does the Nervous System consist of?

1. Brain 2. Spinal Cord

In which direction do the motor (efferent) nerve impulses travel?

Away from the brain

comat/o

deep sleep (coma)

dur/o

dura mater -outermost layer of the meninges (tough mother)

EEG

electroencephalography

-algesia

excessive sensitivity to pain

alges/o

excessive sensitivity to pain

-esthesia

feeling, nervous sensation

esthesi/o

feeling, nervous sensation

gli/o

glial cells, glue, support -supporting cells of the nervous system

-paresis

weakness

neur/o

nerve -bundles of axons and dendrites traveling together

tax/o

order, coordination

-algia

pain

-plegia

paralysis (loss of impairement of the ability to move parts of the body)

PNS

peripheral nervous system

pont/o

pons -part of the brain that relays impulses from cerebrum and cerebellum -means "bridge" -involved in chewing, salivation, swallowing, and helps regulate respiration

-lepsy

seizure

thec/o

sheath (refers to the meninges)

-phasia

speech

myel/o

spinal cord

-sthenia

strength

thalam/o

thalamus -receives sensory input and transmits it to cerebrum (relay center) "triage center"- decides what's important!

lept/o

thin, slender -Arachnoid mater (middle layer) and pia mater (inner layer) together (leptomeninges)

syncop/o

to cut off, cut short

TIA

transient ischemic attack

TBI

traumatic brain injury

vag/o

vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) -sends sensory impulses from pharynx, larynx, parasympathetic impulses to thorax and abdomen. Sends motor to palate, pharynx, and larynx, helps regulate respiration, digestion, and heart rate.

lex/o

word, phrase

Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses from brain to 4 of the 6 eye muscles, constricts pupils?

Oculomotor Nerve (3)

Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from nose to brain for smell?

Olfactory Nerve (1)

What is the point where the optic nerve crosses in the brain?

Optic Chiasm

Which cranial nerve sends impulses from the eye to brain (occipital lobe of cerebrum) for the interpretation of vision?

Optic Nerve (2) Sensory

In which direction do the sensory (afferent) nerve impulses travel?

Toward the brain

Which cranial nerve carries sensory info from skin to face, teeth, nose, and mouth to the brain and sends motor info to chewing muscles. Nerve that the dentist blocks.

Trigeminal Nerve (5)

Which cranial nerve sends impulses to 1 of the 6 eye muscles?

Trochlear Nerve (4) Motor

AVM

arteriovenous malformation -congential tangle of arteries and veins in the cerebrum

encephal/o

brain

caus/o

burning

CNS

central nervous system

cerebell/o

cerebellum -part of the brain that controls balance, fine motor coordination, muscle tone, and posture.

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

cerebr/o

cerebrum -largest portion of the brain controls thinking, reasoning, judgement, memory, interpretation of all the special senses (hearing, smelling, vision, taste)

Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses to neck and upper back muscles? *Accessorize your neck!

Accessory Nerve (11)

What are the 12 Cranial Nerves?

1. Olfactory : (sensory) 2. Optic : (sensory) 3. Oculomotor : (motor) 4. Trochlear : (motor) 5. Trigeminal : (both) 6. Abducens : (motor) 7. Facial : (both) 8. Vestibulocochlear : (sensory) 9. Glossopharyngeal : (both) 10. Vagus : (both) 11. Accessory : (motor) 12. Hypoglossal : (motor)

Types of nerves

1. Sensory (afferent) 2. Motor (efferent)

What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of?

1. Sensory Receptors 2. 12 Pairs of Cranial Nerves

Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses from brain to one of the 6 eye muscles?

Abducens Nerve (6)

Which cranial nerve sends sensory and motor impulses to the face and scalp?

Facial Nerve (7)

Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from tongue for taste, salivary glands, and sends motor impulses to the pharyngeal muscles for swallowing?

Glossopharyngeal Nerve (9)

Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses to tongue muscles?

Hypoglossal Nerve (12)

Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from pharynx, larynx, parasympathetic impulses to thorax and abdomen. Sends motor to palate, pharynx, and larynx, helps regulate respiration, digestion, and heart rate.

Vagus Nerve (10)

Which cranial nerve sends impulses from the ear to brain for hearing and balance? * (cochlea and vestibule both in the ear)

Vestibulocochlear Nerve (8)

-praxia

action

LP

lumbar puncture

mening/o meningi/o

membranes, meninges -connective tissue membranes of brain and spinal cord also known as sheath

-kinesia -kinesis -kinetic

movement

kines/o kinesi/o

movement

MS

multiple sclerosis

my/o

muscle