Chapter 10: Nervous System
What does the Nervous System consist of?
1. Brain 2. Spinal Cord
In which direction do the motor (efferent) nerve impulses travel?
Away from the brain
comat/o
deep sleep (coma)
dur/o
dura mater -outermost layer of the meninges (tough mother)
EEG
electroencephalography
-algesia
excessive sensitivity to pain
alges/o
excessive sensitivity to pain
-esthesia
feeling, nervous sensation
esthesi/o
feeling, nervous sensation
gli/o
glial cells, glue, support -supporting cells of the nervous system
-paresis
weakness
neur/o
nerve -bundles of axons and dendrites traveling together
tax/o
order, coordination
-algia
pain
-plegia
paralysis (loss of impairement of the ability to move parts of the body)
PNS
peripheral nervous system
pont/o
pons -part of the brain that relays impulses from cerebrum and cerebellum -means "bridge" -involved in chewing, salivation, swallowing, and helps regulate respiration
-lepsy
seizure
thec/o
sheath (refers to the meninges)
-phasia
speech
myel/o
spinal cord
-sthenia
strength
thalam/o
thalamus -receives sensory input and transmits it to cerebrum (relay center) "triage center"- decides what's important!
lept/o
thin, slender -Arachnoid mater (middle layer) and pia mater (inner layer) together (leptomeninges)
syncop/o
to cut off, cut short
TIA
transient ischemic attack
TBI
traumatic brain injury
vag/o
vagus nerve (10th cranial nerve) -sends sensory impulses from pharynx, larynx, parasympathetic impulses to thorax and abdomen. Sends motor to palate, pharynx, and larynx, helps regulate respiration, digestion, and heart rate.
lex/o
word, phrase
Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses from brain to 4 of the 6 eye muscles, constricts pupils?
Oculomotor Nerve (3)
Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from nose to brain for smell?
Olfactory Nerve (1)
What is the point where the optic nerve crosses in the brain?
Optic Chiasm
Which cranial nerve sends impulses from the eye to brain (occipital lobe of cerebrum) for the interpretation of vision?
Optic Nerve (2) Sensory
In which direction do the sensory (afferent) nerve impulses travel?
Toward the brain
Which cranial nerve carries sensory info from skin to face, teeth, nose, and mouth to the brain and sends motor info to chewing muscles. Nerve that the dentist blocks.
Trigeminal Nerve (5)
Which cranial nerve sends impulses to 1 of the 6 eye muscles?
Trochlear Nerve (4) Motor
AVM
arteriovenous malformation -congential tangle of arteries and veins in the cerebrum
encephal/o
brain
caus/o
burning
CNS
central nervous system
cerebell/o
cerebellum -part of the brain that controls balance, fine motor coordination, muscle tone, and posture.
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
cerebr/o
cerebrum -largest portion of the brain controls thinking, reasoning, judgement, memory, interpretation of all the special senses (hearing, smelling, vision, taste)
Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses to neck and upper back muscles? *Accessorize your neck!
Accessory Nerve (11)
What are the 12 Cranial Nerves?
1. Olfactory : (sensory) 2. Optic : (sensory) 3. Oculomotor : (motor) 4. Trochlear : (motor) 5. Trigeminal : (both) 6. Abducens : (motor) 7. Facial : (both) 8. Vestibulocochlear : (sensory) 9. Glossopharyngeal : (both) 10. Vagus : (both) 11. Accessory : (motor) 12. Hypoglossal : (motor)
Types of nerves
1. Sensory (afferent) 2. Motor (efferent)
What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of?
1. Sensory Receptors 2. 12 Pairs of Cranial Nerves
Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses from brain to one of the 6 eye muscles?
Abducens Nerve (6)
Which cranial nerve sends sensory and motor impulses to the face and scalp?
Facial Nerve (7)
Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from tongue for taste, salivary glands, and sends motor impulses to the pharyngeal muscles for swallowing?
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (9)
Which cranial nerve sends motor impulses to tongue muscles?
Hypoglossal Nerve (12)
Which cranial nerve sends sensory impulses from pharynx, larynx, parasympathetic impulses to thorax and abdomen. Sends motor to palate, pharynx, and larynx, helps regulate respiration, digestion, and heart rate.
Vagus Nerve (10)
Which cranial nerve sends impulses from the ear to brain for hearing and balance? * (cochlea and vestibule both in the ear)
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (8)
-praxia
action
LP
lumbar puncture
mening/o meningi/o
membranes, meninges -connective tissue membranes of brain and spinal cord also known as sheath
-kinesia -kinesis -kinetic
movement
kines/o kinesi/o
movement
MS
multiple sclerosis
my/o
muscle
