Chapter 10 Nutrition

A water loss of _________ of body weight can impair physical cognitive performance.

1-2%

The UL for sodium intake is _________ mg/day

2300

The AI for potassium intake is:

>2x than that of sodium

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure

Angiotensin II

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

an increased diabetes risk

The role of water in urine is:

as a transport medium

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

osmosis

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

renin is released

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

snack crackers

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

sodium & potassium

Which of the following best describes the distribution of sodium and potassium in the body?

sodium is primarily extracellular; potassium is primarily intracellular

Salt is added to processed foods for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

to balance potassium content

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Antidiuretic hormone

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

added to food during processing and manufacturing

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys:

aldosterone

Which of the following individuals is at risk for dehydration?

all are potentially at risk for dehydration

Of the following, the tissue with the lowest water content is:

fat

Extracellular fluid does NOT include:

fluid within cells

Osmosis requires all of the following EXCEPT:

glucose

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

high body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production, thus dissipating excess heat

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

high potassium intake

A reaction that breaks large molecules into smaller ones by the addition of water is called a(n):

hydrolysis reaction

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

increase potassium in the blood, causing high blood pressure

The loss of body fluids in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

insensible losses

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

intracellular fluid