Chapter 10 - Tourism Motivation & Travel Benefits

Travel Career Ladder (Pearce)

1) Relaxation 2)Stimulation 3)Relationship 4)Self-esteem and development 5)Fulfillment

Destination Restorative Qualities

1. Compatibility 2. Fascination 3. Physical Away-ness 4. Mental Anway-ness 5. Orientation 6. Scope

Max-Neef's need classification scheme

9 human needs: Subsistence, Protection, Affection, Understanding, Participation, Leisure, Creation, Identity, and Freedom

Motivation Tangibilization

A consumer develops specific wants or goals depending on his or her travel motives and beliefs.

Fascination

A destination's ability to hold visitor attention effortlessly

Preconditions

A person can develop travel motivations based on two broad preconditions: 1) need deficiency and 2) curiosity

Murray's Classification of Needs

Ambition, Materialism, Power, Affection, and Information

Compatibility

Congruence or match between a visitor and the place he/she visits

Motivational Orientation

People seek to travel to 1) escape undesirable situations in life, and to 2) seek desirable situations; That is, A lack of alone time may drive the individual to travel to escape social engagements and to seek solitary times.

Travel Motivation POST Scheme

Preconditions Motivational Orientation Motivational Strength Motivation Tangibilization

Destination Orientation

Sense of orientation and ease at a destination or hospitality service environment is imperative (e.g., road sign designs and placements, site configuration and orientation, timely information) and guiding services, and interpretive programs

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Survival (bottom), Safety, Belonging & love, Esteem, Self-actualization (top), To know and understand, Aesthetics

Travel Need

a manifest human need, expressible in terms of fundamental needs such as Maslow's self-actualization

Physical Away-ness

a sense of psychological distance between one's usual routine or regular or ongoing pursuit of activities and purposes

Tangible

a specific destination such as facilities, historic resources, climate, nature, beach, and environment

Rest and Relaxation are a...

baseline travel motivation for contemporary consumers

Travel Motivation

consumers' psychological impetuses for using travel to satisfy fundamental human needs

Intangible

desire for escape, relax, exploration, & social interaction

Alderfer's ERG Theory

existence, relatedness, growth

Pull factors

external factors that attract people toward a particular travel destination once push factors lead to the rise of travel desire (Tangible)

Although a person may want satisfaction for needs, ...

no action will be taken until that person is MOTIVATED

Travel Benefit

positive personal outcomes brought upon consumers as a result of travel, or one's general beliefs about such positive outcomes

Characteristics of Motivation

represents a psychological driving force for consumer action

Destination Scope

richness and extent of the activities, sights and programs provided to engage visitors at a destination

Travel is a form of behavior that...

satisfies fundamental human needs

Travel Want

tangible articulation for consumers to express their travel need and motivation

Push factors

the intrinsic motives or psychological forces that drive people to seek out travel activities (Intangible)

Motivational Strength

the psychological potency of one's beliefs about the benefits that a particular trip can generate or the beliefs that travel in general can generate