Chapter 10/11
The length of the cardiac cycle is normally _ seconds(s) in length
0.8
Normal blood pH falls in the range between _ to _
7.35-7.45
The normal resting heart rate is about _ time per minute
75
A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________.
A thrombus
The first heart sound , "lub, " is caused by the closure of the _ valves
Artioventricular (AV)
The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the _ , while the inferior discharging chamber of the heart are known as the _
Atria ; ventricles
A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s)
B , O
Which type of granulocyte produces histamine at sites of inflammation ?
Basophils
Which blood type contains the A antigen only ?
Blood type A
Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?
Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood.
Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive ?
Blood type O
Which of these blood types carries no antigens:
Blood type O
Which ions are essential for blood clotting to occur?
Calcium
Blood is returned to the right side of the heart from the lungs
False
Blood type A can receive a transfusion from blood types A and AB during a transfusion
False
White blood cells containing granules and loved nuclei are classified as
Granulocytes
Cardiac output is the product of which two variable?
Heart rate and stroke volume
What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocytes?
Hemoglobin
The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called
Hemolytic disease of the newborn
Hereditary bleeding disorder that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as
Hemophilia
Figure 11.1 - The sinoatrial (SA) nose is indicated by
Label A
Figure 10.1 - The granulocytes are indicted by _ and _
Label A; Label C
Figure 11.1 - The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by
Label B
Figure 10.1 - The eosinophil is indicated by
Label C
Figure 10.1 - The lymphocytes is indicted by
Label D
Figure 11.1 - The bundle branches are indicated by
Label D
Figure 11.1 - The Purkinje fibers are indicated by
Label E
The walls of the _ are substantially thicker that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart
Left ventricle
The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is
O
An immature RBC which still contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n)
Reticulocyte
The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is
RhoGAM
Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?
Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA)
All formed elements arise from a common type of stem cell called a hemocytoblast.
True
Both platelets and erythrocytes are anucleate
True
Calcium ions are necessary for coagulation to properly occur during hemostasis.
True
Cross matching prevents transfusion reactions by testing for agglutination between donor and recipient blood prior to the transfusion
True
Erythrocytes make up the majority of former elements
True
Normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45
True
Rh-related problems occur in pregnant Rh- women carrying an Rh+ baby.
True
The functional blood supply that oxygenates the myocardium is provided by the right and left coronary arteries.
True
The heart in enclosed by three membranes : an outer fibrous layer and inner serous membrane pair .
True
The life span of a red blood cell is 100 to 120 days.
True
The part of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart that directly transmits impulses to walls of the ventricles is Purkinje fibers.
True
The primary job of erythrocytes is to transport oxygen.
True
Unlike erythrocytes, leukocytes contain nucleus and usual complement of organelles including mitochondria
True
Vascular spasms, a part of process of hemostasis, limit blood loss during blood vessel injury.
True
White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain
a nucleus and most organelles
Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from
accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells
What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?
agglutination
When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.
agglutination
An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.
albumin
A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.
anemia
A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the _
antigen
Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.
aorta
Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting?
aortic semilunar valve
The pointed , inferior portion of heart, known as the _ , rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip
apex
What is blood serum?
blood plasma minus the clotting proteins
What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?
chordae tendineae
What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?
coagulation
The layer of the heart wall synonymous with visceral layer of the serous pericardium is
epicardium
Which of the following increases heart rate?
epinephrine
Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?
erythrocyte
What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?
erythropoietin
What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?
fibrin
What part of red blood cell binds and transports oxygen
hemoglobin
Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?
hemophilia
The process by which bleeding is stopped is called
hemostasis
Figure 11.1 - The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the
interventricular septum
What structure divides the left ventricle from the right ventricle?
interventricular septum
A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition?
leukocytosis
Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as
leukopenia
Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the
lungs
The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the
mediastinum
What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?
megakaryocyte
Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cell known as a
megakaryocytes
What is muscular layer of heart wall ?
myocardium
Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes?
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
The matrix of blood is called
plasma
If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh
positive
The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as _ circulation
pulmonary
Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood ?
pulmonary vein
Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart?
pulmonary veins
Where does hematopoiesis produce new red blood cells?
red bone marrow
The sinoatrial node is located in the
right atrium
The tricuspid valve is located between the
right atrium and right ventricle
Which of the following is often called pacemaker of the heart ?
sinoatrial (SA) node
You notice a missing P wave on a patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) and believe there is a problem with the ________.
sinoatrial (SA) node
Which term means heart contraction?
systole
What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation?
thrombin
Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin , an anticoagulant?
to inhibit the formation of clots
Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?
tricuspid valve
Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?
vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
During atrial diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________.
ventricles
The average functional lifespan of an RBC is
100-120 days
Blood normally clots in approximately
3-6 minutes
Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding.
30 percent
Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1) basophil 2) eosinophil 3) lymphocyte 4) monocyte 5) neutrophil
5, 3, 4, 2, 1
The blood type that contains both A and B is
AB
Which blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient" since it can receive blood types A, B, AB, and O?
AB
Substance that the body recognizes as foreign are called
Antigens