Chapter 10/11

The length of the cardiac cycle is normally _ seconds(s) in length

0.8

Normal blood pH falls in the range between _ to _

7.35-7.45

The normal resting heart rate is about _ time per minute

75

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________.

A thrombus

The first heart sound , "lub, " is caused by the closure of the _ valves

Artioventricular (AV)

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as the _ , while the inferior discharging chamber of the heart are known as the _

Atria ; ventricles

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s)

B , O

Which type of granulocyte produces histamine at sites of inflammation ?

Basophils

Which blood type contains the A antigen only ?

Blood type A

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why can't Molly donate blood to her daughter?

Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with type A blood.

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive ?

Blood type O

Which of these blood types carries no antigens:

Blood type O

Which ions are essential for blood clotting to occur?

Calcium

Blood is returned to the right side of the heart from the lungs

False

Blood type A can receive a transfusion from blood types A and AB during a transfusion

False

White blood cells containing granules and loved nuclei are classified as

Granulocytes

Cardiac output is the product of which two variable?

Heart rate and stroke volume

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocytes?

Hemoglobin

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the baby's RBCs is called

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Hereditary bleeding disorder that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as

Hemophilia

Figure 11.1 - The sinoatrial (SA) nose is indicated by

Label A

Figure 10.1 - The granulocytes are indicted by _ and _

Label A; Label C

Figure 11.1 - The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by

Label B

Figure 10.1 - The eosinophil is indicated by

Label C

Figure 10.1 - The lymphocytes is indicted by

Label D

Figure 11.1 - The bundle branches are indicated by

Label D

Figure 11.1 - The Purkinje fibers are indicated by

Label E

The walls of the _ are substantially thicker that chamber acts as the more powerful systemic pump of the heart

Left ventricle

The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is

O

An immature RBC which still contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n)

Reticulocyte

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is

RhoGAM

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?

Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA)

All formed elements arise from a common type of stem cell called a hemocytoblast.

True

Both platelets and erythrocytes are anucleate

True

Calcium ions are necessary for coagulation to properly occur during hemostasis.

True

Cross matching prevents transfusion reactions by testing for agglutination between donor and recipient blood prior to the transfusion

True

Erythrocytes make up the majority of former elements

True

Normal blood pH is between 7.35 and 7.45

True

Rh-related problems occur in pregnant Rh- women carrying an Rh+ baby.

True

The functional blood supply that oxygenates the myocardium is provided by the right and left coronary arteries.

True

The heart in enclosed by three membranes : an outer fibrous layer and inner serous membrane pair .

True

The life span of a red blood cell is 100 to 120 days.

True

The part of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart that directly transmits impulses to walls of the ventricles is Purkinje fibers.

True

The primary job of erythrocytes is to transport oxygen.

True

Unlike erythrocytes, leukocytes contain nucleus and usual complement of organelles including mitochondria

True

Vascular spasms, a part of process of hemostasis, limit blood loss during blood vessel injury.

True

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain

a nucleus and most organelles

Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from

accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells

What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?

agglutination

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.

agglutination

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

albumin

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.

anemia

A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the _

antigen

Blood leaves the left ventricle through an artery known as the ________.

aorta

Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting?

aortic semilunar valve

The pointed , inferior portion of heart, known as the _ , rests on the diaphragm and is oriented toward the left hip

apex

What is blood serum?

blood plasma minus the clotting proteins

What are the tiny white cords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricles?

chordae tendineae

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

coagulation

The layer of the heart wall synonymous with visceral layer of the serous pericardium is

epicardium

Which of the following increases heart rate?

epinephrine

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?

erythrocyte

What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?

erythropoietin

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?

fibrin

What part of red blood cell binds and transports oxygen

hemoglobin

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

hemophilia

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called

hemostasis

Figure 11.1 - The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the

interventricular septum

What structure divides the left ventricle from the right ventricle?

interventricular septum

A recent blood test shows that Mr. Jimenez's total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition?

leukocytosis

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as

leukopenia

Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the

lungs

The heart is situated within the medial section of the thoracic cavity known as the

mediastinum

What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?

megakaryocyte

Platelets are fragments of multinucleate cell known as a

megakaryocytes

What is muscular layer of heart wall ?

myocardium

Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes?

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

The matrix of blood is called

plasma

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh

positive

The transportation of blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the left side of the heart is known as _ circulation

pulmonary

Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood ?

pulmonary vein

Which vessels return oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart?

pulmonary veins

Where does hematopoiesis produce new red blood cells?

red bone marrow

The sinoatrial node is located in the

right atrium

The tricuspid valve is located between the

right atrium and right ventricle

Which of the following is often called pacemaker of the heart ?

sinoatrial (SA) node

You notice a missing P wave on a patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) and believe there is a problem with the ________.

sinoatrial (SA) node

Which term means heart contraction?

systole

What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation?

thrombin

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin , an anticoagulant?

to inhibit the formation of clots

Which valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle?

tricuspid valve

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

During atrial diastole, blood flows from the atria to the ________.

ventricles

The average functional lifespan of an RBC is

100-120 days

Blood normally clots in approximately

3-6 minutes

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding.

30 percent

Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1) basophil 2) eosinophil 3) lymphocyte 4) monocyte 5) neutrophil

5, 3, 4, 2, 1

The blood type that contains both A and B is

AB

Which blood type is referred to as the "universal recipient" since it can receive blood types A, B, AB, and O?

AB

Substance that the body recognizes as foreign are called

Antigens