Chapter 11

Cowlick

a particular pattern of hair stream that is usually more noticeable on the front hairline in people with short, thick hair.

Dandruff

a result of fungus.

Hydrogen bonds

a weak, physical, cross-link side bond easily broken by water or heat.

Congenital canities

exists at or before birth.

Healthy cuticle

for chemicals to penetrate the hair layer they must have an alkaline pH.

Anagen phase

generally lasts from three to five years.

Canities

grey hair.

Scalp hair

grows faster on women than on men.

Integumentary system

hair, skin, nails, and glands are part of this system.

Pediculosis capitis

head lice.

Anagen phase

new hair is produced because new cells are actively manufactured in the hair follicle.

Dermal papilla

one of the main structures of the hair root that contains the blood and nerve supply that provides the nutrients needed for hair growth.

Asians

tend to have extremely straight hair.

Major elements

that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur.

Hair porosity

the ability of the hair to absorb moisture.

Healthy scalp

the average growth is ½ inch per month.

Sebum

the fatty or oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands.

Catagen phase

the follicle canal shrink and detach from the dermal papilla.

Hair follicle

the tube-like depression or pocket on the skin or scalp that contains the hair root.

Mature strand

the two parts are hair roots and hair shaft of human hair.

Scutula

dry, sulfur-yellow, crusts on the scalp.

Hypertrichosis

a condition of abnormal growth of terminal hair in areas of the body that normally grow only vellus hair.

Scabies

a highly contagious skin disease caused by a parasite called a mite that burrows under the skin.

Hair follicles

are not found on the soles of the feet.

Salt bonds

account for about one third of the hair's overall strength.

By age 35

almost 40 percent of both men and women show some degree of hair loss.

Alopecia areata

an autoimmune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person's own immune system.

Hypertrichosis

another name is hirsuties.

Bald men

are commonly perceived as less successful.

Monilethrix

beaded hair.

Dandruff

can easily be mistaken for dry scalp.

Normalizing shampoo

can treat oily hair and scalp by properly washing.

Tinea

characterized by itching, scales, and sometimes, painful circular lesions.

Medulla

composed of round cells.

Pityriasis

dandruff.

Scalp massage

does not increase hair growth.

Finasteride

is an oral prescription medication for hair loss that is meant for men only.

Hair

is approximately 90 percent protein.

Hair texture

is classified as coarse, medium, or fine.

Grey hair

is exactly the same as pigmented hair.

Fine hair

is more fragile than course or medium hair.

Hair growth

is not effected by shaving, clipping, and cutting the hair on the head.

Course hair

is stronger than fine hair.

Hair cuticle

is the outermost layer of the hair.

Trichorrhexis nodosa

knotted hair.

Vellus hair

lanugo hair.

Chemical services

performed on hair with low porosity required more alkaline solutions.

Pheomelanin

provides natural colors ranging from red and ginger to yellow and blond tones.

Tinea

ringworm.

Cross

sections- of hair can be almost any shape.

Catagen phase

signals the end of the growth phase.

Carbuncle

similar to a furuncle but is larger.

Helix

spiral shape of a coil pattern.

Medulla

the innermost layer of the hair and is composed of round cells.

Terminal hair

the long, course, pigmented hair found on the scalp, legs, arms, and bodies of male and females.

Hair bulb

the lowest part of a hair strand.

Hair density

the measurement of the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the scalp.

Cortex

the middle layer of the hair.

Malassezia

the naturally occurring fungus that causes the symptoms of dandruff when it grows out of control.

Sebaceous glands

the oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles.

Hair root

the part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis.

Trichology

the scientific study of hair, its diseases, and care.

Arrector pili muscle

the small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle.

Peptide bonds

the strong, chemical bonds that join amino acids.

Alopecia totalis

total scalp hair loss.

Vellus

type of hair that almost never has a medulla.

Minimize tangles

used a detangling rinse when shampooing extremely curly hair.

Whorl

when hair leaves the follicles at an angle and forms patterns or streams on the head.

Keratinization

when the living cells of hair form and begin their journey upward through the hair follicle, they mature in a process.

Wet hair

with normal elasticity will stretch up to 50 percent of its original length and return to that length without breaking.