Chapter 11

You have isolated a prokaryotic cell. The first step in identification is a(n) lactose fermentation test. endospore stain. DNA fingerprint. flagella stain. Gram stain.

Gram stain.

If a patient is diagnosed with a peptic ulcer, which genus of Proteobacteria is probably responsible? Helicobacter Desulfovibrio Myxococcus Campylobacter

Helicobacter

Which of the following is not a member of Domain Archaea? Halococcus Thiomargarita Methanobacterium Halobacterium Sulfolobus

Thiomargarita

Which of the following bacteria is gram-negative? Mycobacterium Bacillus Treponema Corynebacterium Staphylococcus

Treponema

Currently, no members of Archaea have been linked to human disease. True False

True

The majority of bacterial species on Earth have not been successfully cultivated. True False

True

Which of the following characteristics are shared by Enterococcus and Streptococcus? growth patterns on blood agar cell arrangement found on/in healthy carriers none of the above

cell arrangement

The mycoplasmas appear to have evolved from gram-positive bacteria that have lost the genes that encode enzymes for peptidoglycan production. This evolutionary loss of genetic material is known as _______ . (2 words)

degenerative evolution

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of spirochetes? gram-negative easily observed with brightfield microscopy found in the human oral cavity helical shape possess an axial filament

easily observed with brightfield microscopy

For reproduction in Chlamydia, the bacterial cells are released from host cells as ______ bodies.

elementary

Members of the order Enterobacteriales are commonly referred to as the _______ .

enterics

Which of the following are found primarily in the intestines of humans? endospore-forming rods aerobic, helical bacteria gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci gram-positive cocci facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods

facultatively anaerobic gram-negative rods`

Some actinomycetes are similar to filamentous fungi because they ________. live in a freshwater environment have a prokaryotic cell structure have a similar filament diameter have chitin in their cell walls produce asexual reproductive spores

produce asexual reproductive spores

Escherichia coli belongs to the proteobacteria. gram-positive bacteria. actinomycetes. green sulfur bacteria. spirochetes.

proteobacteria

Salmonella enterica is divided into many groups or "varieties," known as ________, based on serological tests.

serovars

For which of the following would growth on blood agar be a good diagnostic tool? streptococci all Gram-positive cocci staphylococci enterococci

streptococci

Which of the following do you expect to be MOST resistant to high temperatures? Neisseria gonorrhoeae Eschericia coli Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcocus pyogenes

Bacillus subtilis

Which answer is not true of bacterial photosynthesis and/or photosynthetic bacteria? Some photosynthetic bacteria are also capable of chemoheterotrophic growth. Cyanobacteria carry out the photosynthetic process similar to the way plants and algae do. Cyanobacteria deposit sulfur derived from the splitting of hydrogen sulfide outside of the cells. Green nonsulfur bacteria use organic compounds as the source of electrons for reduction of carbon dioxide. Some photosynthetic bacteria are anaerobes.

Cyanobacteria deposit sulfur derived from the splitting of hydrogen sulfide outside of the cells.

Which gammaproteobacteria are facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative rods that inhabit the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals? Pseudomonadales Legionellales Enterobacteriales Vibrionales

Enterobacteriales

You have isolated a gram-positive bacterium with low G + C content. It was a contaminant in unpasteurized milk. It infected a pregnant woman, and now you are worried that her child will be stillborn. What bacterium is it? Mycobacterium Anabaena Listeria monocytogenes Clostridium

Listeria monocytogenes

Which of the following bacteria does not fix nitrogen? Rhizobium some cyanobacteria Azotobacter Azospirillum Nitrobacter

Nitrobacter

If a typhoid fever outbreak has occurred, which of the following statements is true? Shigella species are present and may have been transmitted by cattle. Proteus colonies of Enterobacteriales are probably present. Escherichia coli bacteria are present, probably passed on by infected human waste in the water supply. Salmonella is present, and the serovars may be differentiated by antigenic analysis.

Salmonella is present, and the serovars may be differentiated by antigenic analysis.

Which organism is not correctly matched to motility? motile cyanobacteria; gliding motility Myxococcus; gliding motility spirochetes; axial filaments Spirillum; axial filaments Proteus; flagella

Spirillum; axial filaments

A new microorganism has been discovered that resides in the mouth of dogs. This microorganism lacks a nucleus, has a cell wall consisting of peptidoglycan and an outer membrane of lipolysaccharide, is shaped like a corkscrew, and is motile by means of an axial filament. This organism is most likely related to ________. Alphaproteobacteria Cyanobacteria Actinobacteria Spirochaetales Pseudomonadales

Spirochaetales

Which of the following bacteria does NOT belong with the others? Methanobacterium Staphylococcus Halococcus Halobacterium Sulfolobus

Staphylococcus

Which of the following bacteria is gram-positive? Salmonella Pseudomonas Bacteroides Rickettsia Streptococcus

Streptococcus

Due their commercial value as a source of antibiotics, over 500 species of the genus ________ have been described.

Streptomyces

Which answer is true of members of the order Lactobacillales? They are all gram-negative. They are obligate anaerobes. Compared to bacteria such as the actinomycetes, the percentage of G + C is high. They do not perform aerobic or anaerobic respiration. They are all rod shaped.

They do not perform aerobic or anaerobic respiration.

Streptococci that produce a hemolysin causing a clear zone around colonies grown on blood agar are known as_______ -hemolytic streptococci.

beta

Which of the following techniques would allow you to easily differentiate between Staphylococcus and Enterococcus? Gram stain simple stain genetic testing all of the above

all of the above

Purple and green photosynthetic bacteria carry out _______ photosynthesis, a term describing the fact that oxygen is not produced as a by-product.

anoxygenic

Some members of the genus Rhizobium are notable for their ability to ________. form endospores colonize solutions with low nitrogen content form nodules in plant roots that allow nitrogen fixation produce antibiotics remove nitrogen from soil

form nodules in plant roots that allow nitrogen fixation

Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they are motile. lack a cell wall. grow inside host cells. are gram-negative. are acid-fast.

lack a cell wall.

The cyanobacteria are believed to have played a key role in changing Earth's atmosphere due to their production of _______

oxygen