Chapter 11 Adaptive Quizzing
The semiconservative model of DNA replication means that each DNA strand of the double helix consists of some newly synthesized DNA and some parental DNA.
false
A human cell with a total of 23 chromosomes is:
haploid
The assembly of what cytoskeletal structures is initiated by the cyclin B-CDK complex?
microtubules
Several years ago, a man noticed a small mole on his wrist. Years later, the mole grew in size and the man was diagnosed as having metastatic melanoma. This was likely the result of:
several mutations affecting proto-oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes.
What is the function of the enzyme DNA polymerase?
to synthesize a strand of DNA using DNA as a template
Evidence exists (especially in dinoflagellates) that mitosis evolved from binary fission. For example, in certain eukaryotic cells during mitosis, DNA is attached to the membrane of the nucleus (much like a circular chromosome of a bacterium is attached to the plasma membrane).
true
Why don't plant cells use a contractile ring to divide their daughter cells?
A contractile ring can't "pinch" a cell wall.
What is the result of DNA ligase's action?
DNA fragments are joined together.
Which of the answer choices could be a proto-oncogene?
a gene encoding a cell-surface receptor a gene encoding a protein kinase a gene encoding a growth factor a gene encoding a G-protein
When a nucleotide is added to a growing nucleic acid strand during DNA replication, the incoming monomer is _____, and the energy required to drive the polymerization is derived from _____.
a nucleoside triphosphate; cleaving a pyrophosphate
What type of protein is being activated by the G1 / cyclin E-CDK complex to promote the expression of DNA polymerase genes?
a transcription factor
Which of the answer options is true regarding DNA replication of a linear chromosome?
Both strands get shortened at opposite ends during replication.
A woman has her genome sequenced and finds that she carries a mutation in p53. Will she develop cancer?
Possibly; this mutation is likely to predispose her to developing certain types of cancer.
Which statement is true regarding telomeres?
Telomeres can contain repeated base sequences.
The prokaryotic protein FtsZ is evolutionarily related to eukaryotic tubulin. What does this mean?
The amino acid sequence for FtsZ is similar to tubulin. The overall protein structure of FtsZ is similar to tubulin. The two proteins evolved from a common ancestral protein. The gene sequence for FtsZ is similar to tubulin.
What would happen if a pair of sister chromatids only connected to the mitotic spindle at one of their kinetochores?
The sister chromatids would not separate. The chromosome would not line up properly at metaphase. One of the daughter cells would have an extra copy of that chromosome.
Why are the X and Y chromosomes not considered homologous?
They do not carry the same set of genes
The development of cancer requires both the _____ of an oncogene and the _____ of a tumor suppressor.
activation; inhibition
A researcher is evaluating the expression of p53 in cells she is culturing in the laboratory. She notices that in a small group of cells, high levels of phosphorylated p53 occur in the nuclei. What can she deduce about these cells?
the cell is likley damaged
Energy is required in order to add a nucleotide to the growing strand of DNA during replication. From where does that energy come?
the incoming nucleotide