Chapter 11 AP Euro

Peace of Augsburg

1555 settlement in the Holy Roman Empire during the Reformation in which each prince was to choose the religion for their land, between Protestantism and Roman Catholic

Act of Uniformity

1558 passed saying all people had to go to the English Church once a week or be fined 12 pence which was a lot for the poor

Diet of Worms

A meeting held at which Martin Luther refused the Holy Roman Empire with a notable speech

Apprentice

A personal legally bound through indenture to a master craftsmen in order to learn a trade

Tragedy

A play dealing with tragic events and having an unhappy ending, especially one concerning the downfall of the main character

Modern Devotion

A religious movement in Northern Europe of the Brothers of the Common Life, a kind of boarding school for reform minded laity

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra

A spanish writer who is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the language. Exiled from Castile, released from captivity on ransom payment by the trinitarians and his parents

Martin Luther

German founder of Lutheranism, opposed Ulrich Zwingli

Reformation

The sixteenth-century religious movement that sought to reform the Roman Catholic Church and led to the establishment of Protestantism

Counter Reformation

The sixteenth century reform movement in the Roman Catholic Church in reaction to the Protestant Reformation

Henry VIII

King of England; founder of English Church and Act of Supremacy, had 6 different wives

Benifice

Church offices granted by the ruler of a state or the Pope to an individual. It also meant fiet in the Middle Ages

William Shakespeare

English greatest writer; England's national poet. Tragedian

William Tyndale

English scholar and leading figure in Protestant Reform before being executed. Well known for translating the bible into English

Anne Boleyn

Henry VIII's second wife who was executed after bearing a daughter

Charles V

Holy Roman Emperor, ruled Germany and the HRE and the Spanish empire at different times

Christopher Marlowe

Influenced William Shakespeare; writer and poet. Tragedian

Jesuit

Member of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic order if religious men founded by Ignatius Loyola

Council of Trent

One of the Roman Catholic Church's most important ecumenical councils because of Protestant Reformation. The embodiment of the Counter Reformation

Six Articles

Passed in 1539 by Parliament; showed that Henry VIII was prepared to enforce the fundamental doctrines of the Church by heavy penalties

Anabaptist

Protestant rebels who insisted that only adult baptism conformed to scripture

Calvinism

Reformation based Protestant religion that believes in predestination

Indulgence

Remission of the temporal penalty of punishment in purgatory that remained after sins had been forgiven

Genevan Academy

School founded by the city of Geneva in 1559 at the urging of the city's religious leader, John Calvin, and it's religion, Calvinism

Canton

State; Switzerland referred to their states as these

Frederick the Wise

The Elector of Saxony from 1486 to his death, big supporter and defender of Martin Luther and Lutheranism

Act of Supremacy

The declaration by Parliament in 1534 that Henry VIII, not the Pope, was the head of the church in England

Predestination

The doctrine that God had foreordained all souls to salvation or damnation. It was especially associated with Calvinism

Antititrinitarian

The final group of persecuted radical protestants also destined for prominence in the modern world

Magdeburg

Well known for 1631 Sack of Magdeburg that strengthened Protestant resistance during the Thirty Year's War

Ninety Five Theses

Written by Martin Luther in 1517, disputed the power of indulgences. Hung on church door in Wittenburg.