CHAPTER 11: Cardiovascular System Exam Review
Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:
blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary
Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:
both the right and left coronary arteries
The brachial vein:
drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein
The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is:
epicardium
Which of the following increases heart rate:
epinephrine
Which of these events is NOT associated with ventricular systole:
heart is relaxed
The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:
inferior vena cava
What structure divides the left from the right ventricle:
interventricular septum
When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the:
left ventricle to the left atrium
Pulmonary circulation involves blood flow to and from the heart and the:
lungs
The external carotid artery serves the skin and muscles of the head and:
neck
Veins:
often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood
The umbilical vein carries:
oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus
Which of the following is common for right sided congestive heart failure:
peripheral congestion and edema
The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:
peripheral resistance
The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:
popliteal vein
Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:
renal artery
The tricuspid valve is located between the:
right atrium and right ventricle
Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:
right common carotid artery
Which one of the following represents the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart:
sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the:
stroke volume
Deoxygenated blood is returned to the right side of the heart by the:
superior and inferior vena cavae
Which of the following arteries supplies the first half of the large intestine
superior mesenteric artery
Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:
tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
Which of the following vessels has the lowest blood pressure:
venae cavae
Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood:
pulmonary vein
The sinoatrial node is located in the:
right atrium
The mitral valve is normally closed:
when the valve is in systole
Chest pain resulting from the loss of oxygen to heart cells is called:
angina pectoris
Which one of the following are direct branches of the left coronary artery:
anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries
Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:
aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery
Which valve guards the base of the aorta and opens when the ventricles are contracting:
aortic semilunar valve
The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is:
arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins
Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:
an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing
Which one of the following is caused by a decrease in venous return to the heart:
a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output
Which of the following hormones promotes sodium ion reabsorption by the kidney in order to increase blood pressure and blood volume:
aldosterone
Normal blood pressure are reported in millimeters of mercury with the systolic pressure written first and the diastolic pressure second. What is the "normal" blood pressure of an average adult?
120/80
High blood pressure is considered dangerous as it could lead to heart failure or stroke. What is considered "high" blood pressure?
140/90
A person with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 60 mL per beat has a cardiac output of:
4500 mL/minute
Which of these veins returns blood to the superior vena cava:
brachiocephalic veins
Which fetal shunt bypasses the lungs by directly connecting the right atrium and the left atrium:
ductus arteriosus
The pointed apex of the heart is oriented toward the:
left hip
Coronary heart disease results from:
the accumulation of fatty substances within blood vessels
Which one of the following is true concerning the "lub-dup" sounds of the heart:
the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves
Which of the following is NOT a method or pathway of movement for substances traveling across a capillary wall:
tight junctions
Pulmonary veins:
transport oxygenated blood to the heart
The right AV valve is known as the:
tricuspid valve