Chapter 11 - Interior Construction

20, 45, 90

Solid-core doors are available with fire ratings of __minutes, ___ minutes, or ___ minutes.

Wood furring strips 1" x 2"

Sometimes used instead of hat-shaped furring channels, _____ come in nominal sizes of ____.

1" thick 2'0"

Special ___ thick core board used for shaft enclosures is manufactured in ___ widths.

6'8" 7'0"

Standard wood door heights

2'0" 2'4" 2'6" 2'8" 3'0"

Standard wood door widths

1 5/8" 2 1/2" 3 5/8" 4" 6"

Steel studs come in 5 standard depths:

Plaster

made from gypsum, lime, water, and aggregates of sand, vermiculite, or perlite.

Hollow-core doors

made of one or three plies of veneer on each side of a cellular interior. The frame is made of solid wood with larger blocks of solid wood where the latching hardware is located. Used where only light use is expected and cost is a consideration.

Flush wood doors

made of thin, flat veneers laminated to various types of cores. Either hollow core or solid core

Solid-core doors

made with a variety of core types depending on the functional requirements of the door. Cores may be particleboard, stave core, or mineral core for fire-rated doors

Glass block

manufactured as a hollow unit with a clear, textured, or patterned face. Popular choice for interior use when a combination of light transmission, privacy and security is required.

Partition

most common construction element for both residential and commercial interior design

1. the door 2. the frame 3. the hardware

3 major components of a door system

U Bead

Edge trim in wchih the edge of the metal is noticeable. It is sometimes called J metal by contractors. It does not require finishing with joint compound.

L Bead

Edge trim without a back flange; good for installation after the wallboard has been installed. Requires finishing with joint compound

5/8" thick, 1/2" thick

For most commercial work, ___ thick wallboard is used. For most residential work ___ is used, in addition to commercial furred walls.

4" 6x6, 8,8 12x12, 4 x8

Glass block is manufactured in a nominal thickness of ___ and in face sizes of ____.

1/4", 5/8"

Gypsum thicknesses range from ___ to ____ .

4'0" wide, 8', 10', 12', 14'

Gypsum wallboard is commonly available in ___ wide sheets in lengths of ___, ___, ___, and ___.

1 3/8" thick 1 3/4" thick

Hollow-core doors are ___ thick solid-core doors are ___ thick.

mastic

How is gypsum applied to smooth, dry concrete or masonry walls, or to a base layer of wallboard?

nailing or screwing

How is gypsum applied to wood or metal framing?

susspended ceiling slab-to-slab

In commercial work, the standard partition is only built up to the _____, while the _____ partition is used when a complete fire-rated barrier must be constructed or when sound control is needed.

4' 6" wide, joints, 9'0" high

One manufacturer makes a ____ wide product to reduce the number of ____ when finishing a ___ high ceiling with boards placed horizontally.

Type X, foil-backed, water resistant backing board predecorated

Other types of wallboard include: ____ for fire-rated partitions, ____ for vapor barriers, ____ for use behind tile and in other moist conditions ____ for two-layer applications, ____ with vinyl wallcovering already applied.

2x4 16" one layer 1/2"

Residential construction typically consists of ___ studs, ___ on center, covered with ___ of ___ wallboard on each side.

Fiberglass-reinforced gypsum (FRG) Glass-fiber-reinforced gypsum (GFRG)

Two alternate names for GRG

2" x 4", 2" x 6"

Two common stud framing members for residential construction.

16" x 48" horizontally 48" x 96"

Two sizes of gypsum board lath

Plaster

Used where curved shapes are required and where a hard, abrasion-resistant surface is needed.

1/2" 5/8"

Wallboard with ___ thickness is typically applied in residential construction, and wallboard with ___ thickness is typically applied in commercial construction.

tracks with spikes

What allows demountable partition runners to be placed directly over carpeting without crushing it?

- Reduces labor costs because it only requires one coat - still maintains advantages of plaster - hard, durable - can be finished with a wide variety of textures

What are the benefits of gypsum board lath instead of metal lath?

Wood doors

What is the most common type of door for both residential and commercial construction?

Hat-shaped furring channels

What is used for ceiling framing and to fur out from concrete or masonry walls if the walls are unevene or if additional depth is needed for electrical outlets or insulation?

Plaster

What must be used as a base for ceramic tile in areas subject to continual dampness, like showers or steam rooms

Wood panel doors

What t ype of door does not meet the required fire-resistance rating?

when appearance is not a factor; base layers of two-layer applications veneer plaster work

When are square-edge panels used?

slip joint

When partitions extend to the structure above in commerical buildings, the head of the partition needs to be designed with a ___ to prevent the wall from being damaged if the structural floor above deflects

1/4"

____ thick wallboard is used for forming curved surfaces and providing new finishes over old wall and ceiling surfaces.

3/8"

____ thick wallboard is used in some double-layer applications or when wallboard is applied over other finished walls in remodeling work.

Double Layer

_____ applications are used when additional fire resistance is required for extra acoustical control between rooms.

Keene's cement

a plaster that has a high resistance to abrasion and water penetration. Used in wet areas or on wall subject to scratching or other abuse

Demountable partitions

a system of individual components that can be quickly assembled, disassembled, and reused with nearly total salvageability.

metal lath

attached to wood or metal studs and serves as a base for plaster. available in expanded diamond mesh, paper, backed diamond mesh, flat-rib lath, and high-rib lath

synthetic gypsum

chemically identical to natural, mined gyp but is a bypropduct of various manufacturing, industrial, or chemical processes.

finish coat 1/8"

coat that provides final leveling and the desired texture to the surface. It is typically ___ thick

brown coat 1/4"

coat used to finish the level surface of the plaster. Typically ____ thick.

Interior Construction

consists of those building elements that are assemblies of several components

Progressive system

demountable partition system where the first panel must be placed before the second panel, so on.

swinging door

door attached to its frame with hinges or pivots. easy to install and can accommodate high traffic volume. The only type acceptable as a required exit door

Panel doors

doors contructed of solid pieces of wood that frame various types of panels.

Bypass sliding door

doors hung from a top track that are generally used for closets only.

Pocket sliding doors

doors hung on a top track that can be used where space is limited. Should only be used where traffic is limited.

Solid-core doors

doors used for their fire-resistive properties, as acoustical barriers, for secruity, and for their superior durability

LC Bead

edge trim requiring finishing with joint compound. It has a back flange, so it must be fitted over the edge of the wallboard before the wallboard is fastened to the substrate.

trim

edges of plaster must be finished with ____, which allows a termination point for the work and serves as a screed to give the plasters guides for maintaining the required thickness.

Stucco

exterior type of plaster made with portland cement

Plaster

finish material made from various types of cementing compounds, fine aggregate, and water. Applied over several kinds of base materials in one to three coats to form a smooth, level surface. Interior finish

scratch coat 1/4 - 1/2"

first layer of plaster that is applied to the metal lath and runs between and partially around the lath. Typically ____ thick.

Masonry

general term that includes brick, concrete block, glass block, structural clay tile, terra-cotta, and gypsum block.

1. floor runners 2. ceiling runners 3. stud sections with clips to hold panels 4. prefinished gypsum wallboard panesl

4 main components of demountable partitions

5/8" Type X 1-hour 2-hour

A slab-to-slab partition with a single layer of ____ wallboard on each side provides a ____ rating, which two layers on each side provides a ____ hour rating.

Operable partitions

Act as special doors to open and close a space frequently

Level 3

Additional two coats of joint compound are used and the surface is free of tool marks and ridges. Used where the surface will receive heavy or medium textured finish or where heavy grade wallcoverings are to be applied

- low installed cost - quick and easy installation - fire resistance - sound control capability - easy availability - versatility - ease of finishing and decorating - ease of installation of doors/openings

Advantages of gypsum wallboard

250 25'

Because glass block cannot be loadbearing, individual panels are limited to ___ square feet, or ___ in any dimension

expansion joints

Because of the coefficient of expansion of glass and the possibility of deflection ____ around the perimeter of glass block walls must be provided.

Type X

By adding additional layers of ___ wallboard, fire resistive ratings of 2,3, and 4 hours can be obtained.

metal lath board lath

two types of plaster construction

GRG

used for decorative elemtnts such as column covers, arches, coffered ceilings, ornate moldings, light troughs, and trim.

Glass

used to control passage and sound, but admits light and vision

Resilient Channels

used to improved the acoustical properties of a wall by isolating the wallboard from rigid attachment to the framing.

vermiculite and perlite

used when a lightweight, fire-resistant plaster is needed

2 1/2" or 3 5/8" 34"

Commercial construction typically uses ___ or ___ metal studs spaced ___ on center

4" 8" x 8" x 16" 7 5/8" x 15 5/8"

Concrete block is manufactured based on a nominal ___ module. One of the most common sizes is _____, which is actually ___ wide and high, and ____ long.

Nonprogressive system

Demountable partition system where panels are independent and can be removed or replaced individually

24 or 30" wide

Demountable partitions are typically ___ or ___ wide

1. height of the partition 2. gauge of the stud 3. number of layers of wallboard 4. spacing of the studs

Depth of the stud depends on what 4 things?

Bi-folding doors

Doors used for closets that allow full access

LK bead

Edge trim for use with various thicknesses of wallboard in a kerfed jamb (one with a small slot cut in). Requires finishing with a joint compound.

Level 0

Level of wallboard that requires no taping, finishing, or accessories.

Level 2

Level of wallboard where all joints and interior angles have tape embedded in joint compound, and one separate coat of compound applied over all joints, angles, fastener heads, and accessories. Used where water-resistant backing board is employed as a substrate for tile and in other areas where appearance is not critical.

Level 1

Level of wallboard where joints and interior angles have tape embedded in joint compound with the surface free of excess joint compound. Used for plenums above ceilings and other areas not open to view

light-gauge, floor and ceiling runners C-shaped channel

Metal framing cosists of ____ steel studs set in ______. Also known as a _____.

16" 24"

Metal studs are normally spaced ____ on center for residential, and ____ for commercial.

hinge jamb strike jamb

On a door, the side where the hinge or pivot is installed is known as the ___, and the jamb where the door closes is called the ___.

TRUE

T or F: Hollow-core doors have no fire-resistive capabilities.

tapered edges, square edges

The most common wallboard has ____ on the face side along the long dimension of the panel and ____ at the ends.

2 1/2"

The most commonly used size of stud is ___ which is sufficient for normal ceiling heights and slab-to-slab partitons, and allows enough room for electrical boxes and small pipes.

1. application 2. frame spacing 3. building code requirements

The thickness of gypsum used depends on what three things?

3/4", 2-hour, single layer

There is also a special ___ thick product that carriers a ___ fire rating. This allows the rated partition to be constructed with a ____ without resorting to a standard two-ply application.

Level 5

Thin skim coat of joint compound applied over the entire surface. Used where gloss, semigloss, enamel, or nontextured flat paints are specified or where sever lighting conditions exist.

Level 4

Three coats of joint compound are used. Used where light textures or wallcoverings will be applied or where economy is of concern. Gloss, semigloss, and enamel paints are not recommended over this level of finish.

1. gypsum wallboard 2. lath and plaster 3. masonry, gypsum wallboard

Three most frequently used materials for partitions are _____. The most common of which is _____.

flue-gas desulfurization

process whereby power-generating plants removed polluting gases from their stacks to reduce emission of harmful materials into the atmosphere. Main source of synthetic gypsum

Glass-reinforced gypsum (GRG)

refers to a broad class of products manufactured from high-strength, high-density gypsum reinforced with continuous-filament glass fibers or chopped glass fibers. Premanufactured made by pouring into molds. Can be finished with any kind of material that can be put on plaster or gypsum wallboard. Would otherwise be too expensive to achieve with site-fabricated lath and plaster

Finishes

single materials surface applied to another substrate

gypsum board lath plastering

special gypsum product specifically designed for plastering.

Nonloadbearing concrete block

specified for interior use to provide a strong, durable, fire-resistant partition. Typically in institutional applications