Chapter 11 Pearson Quizzes and Vocab

How do you write a balanced equation?

1st write the skeleton equation. then use coefficients to balancethe equation so that it obeys the law of conservation of mass.

Complete and balance an equation for this reaction. Ag(s) + HCl(aq) →

2Ag(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + H2(g)

Complete and balance an equation for this reaction. Al(s) + Cl2(g) →

2Al(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2AlCl3(s)

Complete and balance an equation for this reaction. C2H2(g) + O2(g) →

2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(g)

Use the law of conservation of mass to write and balance the chemical equation for the following reaction: Iron metal and chlorine gas react to form solid iron(III) chloride.

2Fe(s) + 3Cl2(g) → 2FeCl3(s)

Balance the following equation: SO2(g) + O2(g) → SO3(g)

2SO2(g) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)

What precipitate is formed when solutions of these ionic compounds are mixed? AgNO3+ H2S

Ag2S(s)

What precipitate is formed when solutions of these ionic compounds are mixed? Al2(SO4)3 + NH4OH

Al(OH)3(s)

What is the balanced net ionic equation for this reaction? (NH4)2S(aq) + Co(NO3)2(aq) → CoS(s) + NH4NO3(aq)

Co2+(aq) + S2-(aq) → CoS(s)

Classify this reaction and balance the equation. Li(s) + O2(g) → Li2O(s)

Combination; 4Li(s) + O2(g) → 2Li2O(s)

Which of the five general types of reactions would most likely occur between two elements? What are the likely products?

Combination; a compound made of the two elements

Classify this reaction and balance the equation. C3H6(g) + O2(g) → CO2(g) + H2O(g)

Combustion; 2C3H6(g) + 9O2(g) → 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g)

Which of the five general types of reactions would most likely occur between oxygen and a compound of carbon and hydrogen? What are the likely products?

Combustion; carbon dioxide and water

Hard water contains magnesium ions. One way to soften water is to add sodium phosphate. What is the balanced complete ionic equation and net ionic equation for the reaction of the magnesium ion with aqueous sodium phosphate?

Complete ionic equation: 3Mg2+(aq) + 6Na+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) → 6Na+(aq) + Mg3(PO4)2(s) Net ionic equation: 3Mg2+(aq) + 2PO43-(aq) → Mg3(PO4)2(s)

What precipitate is formed when solutions of these ionic compounds are mixed? H2SO4 + BaCl2

BaSO4

Classify this reaction and balance the equation. Al(OH)3(s) → Al2O3(s) + H2O(l)

Decomposition; 2Al(OH)3(s) → Al2O3(s) + 3H2O(l)

Which of the five general types of reactions would most likely occur to a single compound? What are the likely products?

Decomposition; two or more products that are simpler than the compound

Which of the five general types of reactions would most likely occur in an aqueous solution of two ionic compounds? What are the likely products?

Double-replacement; an ionic compound as a precipitate and an aqueous ionic compound

What precipitate is formed when solutions of these ionic compounds are mixed? Ca(NO3)2 + Na2CO3

CaCO3(s)

Complete and balance an equation for this reaction. CaI2(aq) + Hg(NO3)2(aq) → (HgI2 precipitates)

CaI2(aq) + Hg(NO3)2(aq) → 2Ca(NO3)2(aq) + 2HgI2(s)

What is the balanced net ionic equation for this reaction? Pb(C2H3O2)2(aq) + HCl(aq) → PbCl2(s) + HC2H3O2(aq)

Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → PbCl2(s)

What is the balanced net ionic equation for this reaction? Pb(NO3)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → PbSO4(s) + HNO3(a

Pb2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → PbSO4(s)

What precipitate is formed when solutions of these ionic compounds are mixed? CaCl2 + Pb(NO3)2

PbCl2(s)

Classify this reaction and balance the equation. Zn(s) + AgNO3(aq) → Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq)

Single-replacement; Zn(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) → 2Ag(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq)

spectator ion

an ion that appears on both sides of an equation and is not directly involved in the reaction

what does a net ionic equation show?

it shows only those particles involved in the reaction and is balanced with respect to both mass and charge

coefficients

small whole numbers placed in front of the formulas in an equation to balance it and to indicate the number of components

catalyst

a substance that speeds up the reaction but is not used up in the reaction

How can you predict the formation of a precipitate in a double-replacement reaction?

by using the general rules regarding solubility through investigations with ionic compounds in aqueous solutions, you can predict the formation of a precipitate

activity series

a list of elements in order of decreasing activity; the activity series of halogens is Fl, Cl, Br, I

net ionic equation

an equation for a reaction in solution that shows only those particles that are directly involved in the chemical change

complete ionic equation

an equation that shows dissolved ionnic compounds as dissociated free ions.

What are the five general types of reactions?

combination, combustion, decomposistion, single replacement, and double-replacement

balanced equation

each side of the equation has the same # of atoms of each element and mass is conserved

Skeleton equation

equation that shows just the formulas of the reactants and products

What is a net ionic equation?

An equation that shows only those particles involved in the reaction, and that is balanced for both mass and charge

How can you predict the formation of a precipitate in a double-replacement reaction?

By using the general rules for solubility of ionic compounds

Write a skeleton equation for this reaction: Heating copper(II) sulfide in the presence of diatomic oxygen produces copper metal and sulfur dioxide gas.

CuS(s) + O2(g) → Cu(s) + SO2(g)

Balance the following equation: Fe2O3(s) + H2(g) → Fe(s) + H2O(l)

Fe2O3(s) + 3H2(g) → 2Fe(s) + 3H2O(l)

What is the balanced net ionic equation for this reaction? Na3PO4(aq) + FeCl3(aq) → NaCl(aq) + FePO4(s)

Fe3+(aq) + PO43-(aq) → FePO4(s)

After wood burns, the ash weighs much less than the original wood. Why is the law of conservation of mass not violated in this situation?

Much of the matter of the wood combined with oxygen to form two gases: carbon dioxide and water.

Write the skeleton equation for this reaction: When heated, baking soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) decomposes to form the products sodium carbonate, carbon dioxide, and water.

NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

How do you write a skeleton equation?

Write the chemical formula for the reactants on the left of the arrow (yeilds sign) and the formulas for the products to the right.

Combination reaction

a chemical change in which TWO or more substances react to form a single new substance

decomposition reaction

a chemical change in which a SINGLE COMPOUND breaks down into TWO or more simpler products

combustion reaction

a chemical change in which an element or compound reacts with oxygen, often producing energy in the form of light or heat

single-replacement reaction

a chemical change in which one element replaces a second element in a compound BOTH the REACTANTS AND THE PRODUCTS consist of AN ELEMENT AND A COMPOUND

double-replacement reaction

a chemical change involving an exchange of positive ions between two compounds. generally take place in aqueaus solutions. One of the products is usually a gas One product is a molecular compound (such as H20)

precipitation reaction

a chemical change that involves the exchange of positive ions between two ionic compounds in solution and forms a precipitate