Chapter 12 Multiple Choice (Central Nervous System)
Which of the following is the mildest consequence of traumatic brain injury? A) contusion B) concussion C) hemorrhage D) swelling
B
Which of the following is NOT a role of the basal nuclei? A) playing a role in cognition and emotion B) controlling starting and stopping movements C) inhibiting unnecessary or antagonistic movements D) initiating protective reflex actions
D
A disturbance of posture, muscle tremors at rest, and uncontrolled muscle contraction are all symptoms of damage to the basal nuclei.
true
Cell bodies of somatic motor neurons are located in the ventral (anterior) horn of the spinal cord.
true
Cerebrospinal fluid circulates within the ventricles of the brain and in the subarachnoid space.
true
Commissural fibers connect the cerebrum to the diencephalon.
true
One functional center found within the medulla oblongata is a respiratory center involved in the control of the rate and depth of breathing.
true
Specific motor and sensory functions are localized in specific areas called domains, whereas memory and language have overlapping domains.
true
The adult spinal cord ends between the level L1 and L2 of the vertebral column.
true
The blood brain barrier is the protective mechanism that helps maintain the brain's stable environment.
true
The limbic system acts as our emotional, or affective (feelings), brain.
true
The primary visual cortex contains a map of visual space.
true
premotor cortex 1) the brain area just anterior to the precentral gyrus that selects and sequences basic motor 2) this brain area lies on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and allows for conscious awareness of different odors 3) the area of the brain located in the superior margin of the temporal lobe that interprets impulses as pitch, loudness, and location 4) this area is on the extreme posterior of the occipital lobe and receives visual information that originates on the retina of the eye
1
temporal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) motor speech (Broca's) area 4) visual area
1
thalamus 1) gateway to the cerebrum 2) ensures coordination and balance 3) produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival 4) executive suite 5) visceral command center
1
cerebellum 1) gateway to the cerebrum 2) ensures coordination and balance 3) produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival 4) executive suite 5) visceral command center
2
parietal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) primary (somatic) motor cortex 4) visual area
2
The ________ is the main switch station for memory; if the right and left areas are destroyed, the result is widespread amnesia. A) hippocampus B) thalamus C) hypothalamus D) Wernicke's area
A
primary olfactory cortex 1) the brain area just anterior to the precentral gyrus that selects and sequences basic motor 2) this brain area lies on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and allows for conscious awareness of different odors 3) the area of the brain located in the superior margin of the temporal lobe that interprets impulses as pitch, loudness, and location 4) this area is on the extreme posterior of the occipital lobe and receives visual information that originates on the retina of the eye
2
brain stem 1) gateway to the cerebrum 2) ensures coordination and balance 3) produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival 4) executive suite 5) visceral command center
3
frontal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) motor speech (Broca's) area 4) visual area
3
frontal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) premotor cortex 4) visual area
3
frontal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) primary (somatic) motor cortex 4) visual area
3
primary auditory cortex 1) the brain area just anterior to the precentral gyrus that selects and sequences basic motor 2) this brain area lies on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and allows for conscious awareness of different odors 3) the area of the brain located in the superior margin of the temporal lobe that interprets impulses as pitch, loudness, and location 4) this area is on the extreme posterior of the occipital lobe and receives visual information that originates on the retina of the eye
3
cerebrum 1) gateway to the cerebrum 2) ensures coordination and balance 3) produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival 4) executive suite 5) visceral command center
4
frontal lobe 1) auditory area 2) premotor cortex 3) visual area 4) seat of intelligence, abstract reasoning
4
frontal lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) visual area 4) gustatory (taste) area
4
occipital lobe 1) auditory area 2) primary somatosensory cortex 3) primary (somatic) motor cortex 4) visual area
4
primary visual cortex 1) the brain area just anterior to the precentral gyrus that selects and sequences basic motor 2) this brain area lies on the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and allows for conscious awareness of different odors 3) the area of the brain located in the superior margin of the temporal lobe that interprets impulses as pitch, loudness, and location 4) this area is on the extreme posterior of the occipital lobe and receives visual information that originates on the retina of the eye
4
hypothalamus 1) gateway to the cerebrum 2) ensures coordination and balance 3) produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival 4) executive suite 5) visceral command center
5
An individual accidentally transected (cut across) the spinal cord between T1 and L1. This would result in ________. A) paraplegia B) hemiplegia C) quadriplegia D) spinal shock only
A
Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in ________. A) the dorsal root ganglia of the spinal cord B) the ventral root ganglia of the spinal cord C) the thalamus D) sympathetic ganglia
A
Ridges of tissue on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres are called ________. A) gyri B) sulci C) fissures D) ganglia
A
The ________ includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus. A) diencephalon B) midbrain C) brain stem D) basal nuclei
A
The white matter of the spinal cord contains ________. A) myelinated nerve fibers only B) unmyelinated nerve fibers only C) myelinated and unmyelinated nerve fibers D) cell bodies
A
What groove separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe? A) central sulcus B) longitudinal fissure C) parieto-occipital sulcus D) lateral fissure
A
Which brain structure functions to control the autonomic nervous system and to regulate body temperature? A) hypothalamus B) mammillary body C) pons D) medulla oblongata
A
Which of the following statements is FALSE? A) Damage to the primary (somatic) motor cortex results in the loss of both voluntary muscle control and all reflexive contractions. B) Damage to the premotor cortex results in loss of motor skills programmed in that area but movement is still possible. C) Damage to the visual association area can result in blindness. D) Damage to the primary auditory cortex results in the inability to interpret pitch, loudness, and location.
A
Which part of the cerebral cortex is involved in intellect, cognition, recall, and personality? A) prefrontal cortex (anterior association area) B) posterior association area C) limbic association area D) combined primary somatosensory cortex and somatosensory association cortex
A
Interneurons receiving input from sensory neurons are located in the ________. A) dorsal root ganglion B) dorsal (posterior) horn C) ventral (anterior) horn D) lateral horn
B
Loss of ability to perform skilled motor activities such as piano playing, with no paralysis or weakness in specific muscles, might suggest damage to the ________. A) spinal cord B) premotor cortex C) primary motor cortex D) rubrospinal tracts
B
The arbor vitae refers to ________. A) cerebellar gray matter B) cerebellar white matter C) the pleatlike convolutions of the cerebellum D) flocculonodular nodes
B
The brain stem consists of the ________. A) cerebrum, pons, midbrain, and medulla B) midbrain, medulla, and pons C) pons, medulla, cerebellum, and midbrain D) midbrain only
B
The frontal lobe is separated from the temporal lobe by the ________. A) longitudinal fissure B) lateral sulcus C) central sulcus D) cranial fossa
B
The large commissure that connects the right and left sides of the brain is called the ________. A) corona radiata B) corpus callosum C) internal capsule D) longitudinal fissure
B
The subarachnoid space lies between what two layers of meninges? A) arachnoid and epidura B) arachnoid and pia C) arachnoid and dura D) dura and epidura
B
Vital centers for the control of heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure are located in the ________. A) pons B) medulla oblongata C) midbrain D) cerebrum
B
White matter is found in all of the following locations EXCEPT the ________. A) corpus callosum B) cerebral cortex C) corticospinal tracts D) outer portion of the spinal cord
B
An elevated ridge of the cortex is called a ________. A) sulcus B) fissure C) gyrus D) furrow
C
An individual who could trace a picture of a bicycle with his or her finger but could not recognize it as a bicycle is most likely to have sustained damage to the ________. A) calcarine cortex B) primary visual cortex C) visual association area D) lateral geniculate body
C
Nuclei of cranial nerves V (trigeminal), VI (abducens), and VII (facial) are found in the ________. A) midbrain B) medulla C) pons D) cerebrum
C
The lateral sulcus separates which lobes? A) frontal from parietal B) parietal from occipital C) temporal from parietal D) frontal from temporal
C
Which of the following best describes the cerebrum? A) motor command center B) visceral command center C) executive suite D) decussation center
C
Which of the following generalizations does NOT describe the cerebral cortex? A) The cerebral cortex contains three kinds of functional areas. B) Each hemisphere is chiefly concerned with sensory and motor functions of the contralateral side of the body. C) The hemispheres are exactly equal in function. D) No functional area of the cortex works alone.
C
Which of the following is (are) involved with motor activity (either initiation or coordination)? A) postcentral gyrus B) gustatory cortex C) red nuclei D) Wernicke's area
C
A patient suffering from memory loss, shortened attention span, disorientation, and eventual language loss is most likely suffering from ________. A) Huntington's disease B) Parkinson's disease C) cerebellar disease D) Alzheimer's disease
D
All of the following are structures of the limbic system EXCEPT the ________. A) hippocampus B) cingulate gyrus C) amygdaloid body D) caudate nucleus
D
Broca's area ________. A) controls voluntary movements of the eyes B) is usually found only in the right hemisphere C) serves the recognition of complex objects D) is considered a motor speech area
D
Injury to the hypothalamus may result in all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) sleep disturbances B) loss of body temperature control C) dehydration D) loss of fine motor control
D
The area of the cortex that is responsible for sensing a full bladder and the feeling that your lungs will burst when you hold your breath too long is the ________. A) olfactory cortex B) gustatory cortex C) vestibular cortex D) visceral sensory area
D
The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the ________. A) prefrontal lobe B) frontal lobe C) temporal lobe D) parietal lobe
D
What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? A) arbor vitae B) optic chiasma C) mammillary bodies D) infundibulum
D
Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus.
false
The canal connecting the third and fourth ventricles and running through the midbrain is the interventricular foramen.
false
The three basic regions of the cerebrum are the cerebral cortical gray matter, internal white matter, and the superior and inferior colliculi.
false