Chapter 12

1. List five important UML design models, and describe their use.

1. Component diagram -- to show the overall structure of the solution with identification and relationships between the major components, such as servers, of the solution. 2. Deployment diagram -- to show the equipment used to deploy the solution, and which components reside on which equipment 3. Design class diagram -- to describe all the programming classes, their attributes and methods. 4. Interaction diagrams (sequence diagrams or communication diagrams) -- to show the detail design of a use case by identifying all the internal messages required 5. Design state machine diagram -- to describe the states of an object and thus define the valid states and transitions of an object 6. Package diagrams -- to show which sets of classes associate together in subsystems or other closely related groups of classes

4. Describe the process to do use case realization with CRC cards

1. Select a single use case. Create a use case controller card. 2. Identify the primary problem domain class that has responsibility for this use case. 3. Identify all the other problem domain classes that are needed to carry out functions to complete this use case. Define the individual responsibilities of each class. Also define which classes collaborate (e.g. use) other classes to provide functions or information.

12. An input window class is an example of a(n) ____ design class type. a. boundary c. entity b. control d. persistent

A

17. Which of the following is correct UML notation for an attribute in a design class? a. visibility name:type-expression = initial-value{property} b. visibility class-name:type-expression {property} c. visibility name:initial-value(property) d. visibility name:type-expression initial-value (property)

A

23. Which of the following is a general guideline for designing navigation visibility? a. A superior/subordinate relationship is usually navigated from the superior to the subordinate class b. A superior/subordinate relationship is usually navigated from the subordinate to the superior class c. Relationships in which objects in one class cannot exist without objects of another class are usually navigated from the more dependent class to the more independent class d. Navigation arrows should not be modified during the design process

A

25. In a design class diagram, navigation visibility is identified by ____. a. a solid arrow between the classes, pointing to the visible class b. a solid arrow between the classes, initiating from the visible class c. a dashed arrow between the classes, pointing to the visible class d. a solid line between the classes

A

29. ____ is a qualitative measure of the consistency of functions within a single class. a. Cohesion c. Coupling b. Encapsulation d. Visibility

A

30. A class that is responsible for accessing both the Internet and a database has ____ cohesion. a. very low c. medium b. low d. high

A

13. A(n) ____ class acts as a switchboard between the view layer and the domain layer. a. boundary c. entity b. control d. persistent

B

20. CRC stands for what? a. Collaboration responsibility card c. class relationship collaboration b. Class responsibility collaboration d. collaboration relationship class

B

21. UML provides a technique to extend the standard UML notation to include new symbols. This technique is called ________. a. extending c. prototyping b. stereotyping d. externalizing

B

27. Which of the following is the best coupling choice for an input window, domain, and database object in a system? a. The input window is coupled to both the domain and database objects. b. The input window is coupled to the domain and the domain is coupled to the database. c. The input window and the domain are both coupled to the database object. d. All objects are coupled to each other.

B

8. A set of public methods of a system that can be used by the outside world is referred to as ______. a. MVC c. CRC b. API d. DCD

B

9. Which diagram is directly used to write programming code for object-oriented systems? a. Sequence diagram c. Package diagram b. Design class diagram d. State-machine diagram

B

11. In Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation, a stereotype is indicated by ____. a. parentheses c. guillemets b. brackets d. underline

C

16. Which of the following is valid Unified Modeling Language (UML) notation for a method signature? a. visibility name:type-expression {parameter list} b. name:class-name (parameter list):type-expression c. visibility name(parameter list):type-expression d. visibility class-name:name:type-expression {parameter list}

C

19. If you are doing detailed design for the use case Create New Order, which class should receive the first input? a. OrderTransaction c. OrderHandler b. Order d. Customer

C

2. Which analysis model serves as an input model to a design class diagram? a. Use case diagram c. Domain model class diagram b. Activity diagram d. System sequence diagram (SSD)

C

22. Which of the following is usually NOT included in a first-cut design class diagram? a. Initial value information for attributes c. Method signatures b. Attribute types d. Navigation visibility arrows

C

26. Which of the following is true of class-level methods? a. They depend on the existence of a particular object. b. They cannot access data across all objects. c. They are executed by the class instead of a specific object of the class. d. There can only be one class method per class.

C

28. High coupling ____ in a system. a. is easier to maintain b. reduces ripple effects in a system when changes occur c. adds complexity d. decreases visibility between classes

C

6. The original method used to process input data in a Web based system was by using computer programs in ______. a. the Java programming language b. the .NET programming suite c. the C++ language for the CGI d. the Javascript programming language

C

16. A brainstorming technique for designing interactions in use cases by assigning responsibilities and collaborations for classes is called _______ .

CRC cards

17. The term "_______" is a measure of the focus or unity of purpose within a single class.

Cohesion

1. Which of the following is NOT part of a multilayer object-oriented design (OOD)? a. Database access c. User input form b. Problem domain object d. Functional module

D

10. Which two models are the primary models in object-oriented detailed design? a. Design class diagram and component diagram b. Package diagram and CRC cards c. Sequence diagram and state machine diagram d. Sequence diagram and design class diagram

D

14. Which of the following is included in the top compartment of a design class? a. Attributes c. Type-expression b. Parameter list d. Stereotype name

D

15. In design class notation, the ____ of an attribute is enclosed in curly braces {}. a. visibility c. initial-value b. type-expression d. property

D

18. Given two classes, customer and order, which class would probably have navigational visibility to which class? a. Cannot determine based on the information provided b. Bidirectional -- each has visibility to the other c. Order to Customer d. Customer to Order

D

24. After completing a use-case design using CRC cards, the next step is to _______. a. add required utility classes c. program the use case b. select another use case d. update the design class diagram

D

3. Which of the following is NOT one of the categories of difference between networked based systems and Internet based systems. a. State configuration c. Server configuration b. Client configuration d. Connectivity configuration

D

31. A class named SaleItem which has methods to calculate its own price is said to have good ______. a. API c. coupling b. cohesion d. object responsibility

D

4. Ports and sockets are used to show the interface in what kind of UML diagram? a. Deployment diagram c. Package diagram b. Network diagram d. Component diagram

D

5. Which of the following diagrams is used for architectural design? a. Interaction diagrams c. Sate machine diagrams b. Package diagrams d. Component diagrams

D

7. MVC stands for _______. a. modules-variables-constants c. model-view-connection b. module-variables-connections d. model-view-controller

D

7. A(n) ____________________ class is a class that is used to retrieve data from a database.

DATA ACCESS

8. A(n) _______ class is one where its objects exist after the system is turned off.

PERSISTENT

18. What is the term that is used to describe a design principle in which parts of a system that are unlikely to change are segregated from those that will?

Protection from variations

3. Describe the three major differences between a client/server system and an Internet based system.

State -- client/server is stateful but Internet is stateless Client configuration -- client/server has designed screens and forms under the control of the client program. Internet uses a browser to present screens and forms. Server configuration -- Application server directly connects to the client. Application serves its functions and data through a Web server.

2. Describe the object-oriented detailed design steps

Step 1. Develop a first cut design class diagram. Step 2. (optional) Develop a set of CRC cards for each use case. Step 3. Develop detailed sequence diagrams for each use case. Do this with a first cut sequence diagram which focuses on the problem domain classes. Add multilayers. Step 4. Update the design class diagram with methods and navigation information Step 5. Partition the solution with package diagrams as appropriate

13. A class that can never have objects of its type created is called a(n) _______.

abstract class

4. When a system is built with public methods that other systems can use to access its functionality, that is called the system's _______.

application program interface

12. The term used to identify an attribute that contains the same value for all objects of this type in the system is _______.

class level attribute

11. What is the term to denote a method that is invoked on a class instead of on an object?

class level method

5. CGI stands for _______.

common gateway interface

3. What is the name of the diagram that is an implementation diagram which shows the overall system architecture and the logical components within it?

component diagram

14. A class that can be instantiated with objects of its type being created is called a(n) ______.

concrete class

6. The main purpose of a(n) ____________________ diagram is to document and describe the programming classes that will be built for the new system.

design class

2. When a system has shared resources among multiple people or groups it is called a(n) _______.

enterprise-level system

19. What term is used to describe a design principle in which an intermediate class is placed between two classes to decouple them but still link them?

indirection

1. The creation of a programming object based on the template provided by the class definition is called _______.

instantiation

10. What do we call the notation that shows all the information required to call or invoke a method?

method signature

15. The term "_______" is a design principle in which one object has reference to another object and can thus interact with it.

navigation visibility

20. A design principle in which objects are responsible for carrying out system processing is called ______.

object responsibility

9. What is the term used to define the characteristic of an object attribute that describes whether it can be directly accessed by another object -- denoted by + or - ?

visibility