Chapter 13

Victory in what bloody battle opened up the Mississippi Valley to Union troops? Question 21 options: Bull Run Battle of Shiloh Fort Sumter Gettysburg

Battle of Shiloh

Who authorized the creation of a national currency during the war? Question 31 options: The president The Supreme Court Congress Military Officers

Congress

What was the Enrollment Act of March 1863? Question 37 options: Northerners were required to register their personal worth with the federal bank. Northern women were required to work in government factories. Boys under the age of 18 were required to work in government factories. Enlistment in military service was required.

Enlistment in military service was required.

Which racial groups made up the Union army prior to April 1862? Question 18 options: Everyone except for African Americans Native-born whites and English, German, and Irish immigrants Mexican-Americans, Indians, and European immigrants Only native-born whites and Indians

Everyone except for African Americans

What was the first established group of African American soldiers to fight in the Civil War? Question 22 options: First Kansas Colored Volunteers Massachusetts Fifty-fourth First South Carolina Volunteers African American Fighters

First Kansas Colored Volunteers

What were the terms of the Field Order Number 15 issued by General William T. Sherman? Question 47 options: Each former slave who served in the Union army was entitled to 40 acres and a mule. Former slaves were allocated 400,000 acres of former Confederate land. It was an official amends for the heartless treatment his troops had given former slaves. All former slaves were to head to Union camps and await further directions.

Former slaves were allocated 400,000 acres of former Confederate land.

Advocates of secession claimed the federal government failed to enforce what key laws protecting the rights of slaveholders? Question 2 options: Lecompton Constitution and Dred Scott decision Fugitive Slave Act and Lecompton Constitution Dred Scott decision and Missouri Compromise Fugitive Slave Act and Dred Scott decision

Fugitive Slave Act and Dred Scott decision

What effect did secession have on the southern yeomen farmers? Question 5 options: It promoted a cross-race, class-based alliance. It isolated them from potential Republican allies. It strengthened their economic and political position. It devastated many of them socially and politically.

It isolated them from potential Republican allies.

What effect did the presence of Union troops in the South have on slaves? Question 14 options: It offered them hope and the taste of freedom. Slaves were disappointed because they were not welcome in the Union ranks. Slaves were still trying to figure which side to take. Many slaves were motivated to take up arms for the Confederacy.

It offered them hope and the taste of freedom.

How did the outcome of the Civil War affect the rights of blacks in America? Question 49 options: Laws requiring favorable treatment of blacks trickled in. Laws were passed permitting interracial marriage. Blacks were eligible to serve on juries across the United States. Blacks finally achieved equal political, economic, and social standing with whites.

Laws requiring favorable treatment of blacks trickled in.

On what basis did the Emancipation Proclamation justify the abolition of slavery? Question 23 options: Political grounds Economic grounds Moral grounds Military grounds

Military grounds

How did changing technologies of weaponry affect the Civil War? Question 26 options: Shortwave radios increased communication between leadership and enlisted men. Advanced binoculars and other lenses for viewing distances transformed warfare. The invention of the bulletproof vest saved thousands of lives. New conical shaped bullets made their rifles more accurate and deadly.

New conical shaped bullets made their rifles more accurate and deadly.

Why were southern slaveholders anxious about the loyalty of white southerners who did not own slaves? Question 4 options: Non-slaveholders not only did not benefit from slavery, but slavery actually undermined their economic opportunities. Non-slaveholders were susceptible to bribery by northern merchants. Slaveholders believed that poor whites were stupid and might not understand their place. White southerners had a history of betraying elite planters.

Non-slaveholders not only did not benefit from slavery, but slavery actually undermined their economic opportunities.

In what parts of the United States was slavery abolished under the Emancipation Proclamation? Question 25 options: Everywhere, from sea to sea Only in the Union states Only in the Confederate states Only in those states where slavery was still legal

Only in the Confederate states

What happened when General Lee ordered General [EDS: Give first name] Pickett's men to launch a frontal assault on the Union forces at Gettysburg? Question 42 options: Half of the men refused the risky maneuver and retreated south. Pickett refused to send his men (believing it to be unsafe) and was executed for treason. Pickett's men were mowed down as they crossed an open field. Pickett's men quickly reached their destination and retook Cemetery Ridge.

Pickett's men were mowed down as they crossed an open field.

What effect did the Civil War have on the economy of the North? Question 28 options: Production increased, but profits did not. Production, efficiency, and jobs all increased. Although production remained steady, many jobs remained unfilled. Profits skyrocketed while efficiency suffered.

Production, efficiency, and jobs all increased.

What necessity were many soldiers without as they rushed into battle during the Civil War? Question 27 options: Weapons Armor Shoes Uniforms

Shoes

By 1860, manufacturing in the North outnumbered that in the South by what ratio? Question 29 options: Two to one Six to one Ten to one Fifty to one

Six to one

How did the Civil War efforts of women in the South differ from those in the North? Question 35 options: Southern women engaged in individual, uncoordinated efforts to help. Southern women provided more medical care than northern women. Northern women were more likely to work for pay, while southern women volunteered. Northern women were more likely to cross-dress and fight as soldiers.

Southern women engaged in individual, uncoordinated efforts to help.

What did the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution achieve? Question 48 options: The right to vote for any black man over the age of 18 The right of citizenship for anyone regardless of race The abolition of slavery and involuntary servitude The execution of Confederate leaders for treason

The abolition of slavery and involuntary servitude

What was the great blight on an otherwise heroic Union war effort? Question 50 options: The attacks on black men and women by Union forces in the Carolinas Their failure to win key battles outright without losing so many men The unwillingness of northern men to serve voluntarily without coercion The refusal to allow the participation of African American soldiers to the end

The attacks on black men and women by Union forces in the Carolinas

In 1863, what development caused four days of the worst rioting Americans had yet seen? Question 38 options: The draft law The surrender of the North The extension of suffrage to black men A food shortage across the North

The draft law

What was the United States' largest employer at the end of the Civil War? Question 32 options: The shipping industry The manufacturing industry The agricultural industry The federal government

The federal government

Early in the war, why was Lincoln's greatest fear that the war be perceived as one against slavery rather than one in defense of the Union? Question 13 options: The South would refuse to trade with the North. Northern whites might refuse to fight. The four slave states in the Union might secede. Slaves would flock to the North and overwhelm communities.

The four slave states in the Union might secede.

What is meant by the phrase "war of attrition"? Question 43 options: Struggle existed between two parties for whom all things are equal. The larger, better supplied side wears down its opponents slowly. One side falsely attributes victory to the other side as a way of manipulating them. The goal is to slowly and secretly build up the size of your force.

The larger, better supplied side wears down its opponents slowly.

What developments forced the South to industrialize during the Civil War? Question 33 options: It was too expensive to buy goods from the North anymore. The war forbade trade with the North for goods. Europe refused to trade with the South at all. The South had a surplus of labor and supplies.

The war forbade trade with the North for goods.

What led to the acceptance of women serving as military nurses? Question 34 options: They proved they were more capable than men. There was a severe shortage of nurses and doctors. Men were needed more on the battlefield than in the medical tent. The U.S. Sanitary Commission lobbied for it.

There was a severe shortage of nurses and doctors.

How did most northerners respond to Lincoln's call for war? Question 8 options: They rushed to support the president and the war effort. They hesitated, wishing to protect their economic ties with the South. Most had to be coerced into joining the militia. They agreed to fight but worried that their victory would result in freedom for blacks.

They rushed to support the president and the war effort.

Why was the secession of Virginia so significant? Question 6 options: Virginia was the first state to secede from the North. Virginia was home to the South's largest iron manufacturer. Virginia had the largest, most established state militia.

Virginia was home to the South's largest iron manufacturer.

What consequence would secession have for the relationship between whites and blacks in the South? Question 3 options: Whites would have total control over blacks. Elite whites and free blacks would be empowered. Secession would inspire cross-race alliances among the poor. Secession threatened to undermine slaveholder authority.

Whites would have total control over blacks.

What experience turned many a Union soldier into an abolitionist? Question 20 options: The abolition literature that circulated in the nineteenth century Listening to the rhetoric of Confederate leaders Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South Putting their lives on the line to defend the Union

Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South

As Civil War fighting began, northern politicians and editors predicted Question 12 options: that the war would result in the complete abolition of slavery. a quick and lopsided struggle. a serious battle in which the Union would ultimately succeed. that the South would eventually regret secession.

a quick and lopsided struggle.

Free blacks in the North responded to the Emancipation Proclamation with Question 24 options: resentment because it was too little, too late. celebrations at churches across the North. cautious, quiet hope. vigor and took to the streets with arms.

celebrations at churches across the North

When Union forces took control of Atlanta, Georgia, it Question 45 options: meant the North could shut down the southern slave trade. was the first battle in a year in which more Confederate than Union men were killed. inspired Grant to march seaward and destroy everything in his path. cut the South in two and ensured its defeat.

cut the South in two and ensured its defeat.

During the Civil War, American Indians were Question 17 options: neutral and managed to stay out of the war by migrating farther west. divided and various tribes fought on either side. against the Confederacy because slavery weakened their own economic opportunities. against the Union because the federal government violated their rights repeatedly.

divided and various tribes fought on either side.

Because of repeated losses in battle, the North became Question 19 options: disheartened and reconsidered its restrictions on slavery. disheartened and began to plan for defeat. emboldened and turned against slavery more than ever. emboldened and determined to solicit aid from Europe. What experience turned many a Union soldier into an abolitionist? Question 20 options: The abolition literature that circulated in the nineteenth century Listening to the rhetoric of Confederate leaders Witnessing slavery firsthand throughout the South Putting their lives on the line to defend the Union

emboldened and turned against slavery more than ever.

As the Civil War approached its final stages, General Ulysses S. Grant Question 44 options: grew weary of the war and decided to target the Confederate president. hoped to take Atlanta, cut the South in two, and end the war. embraced a strategy of total war, attacking both civilian and military targets. called for a war of attrition to minimize violence and death.

embraced a strategy of total war, attacking both civilian and military targets.

With the election of Abraham Lincoln, southern slaveholders Question 1 options: were relieved that a wealthy man from the Midwest was elected. were cautiously hopeful that his moderate views of slavery would protect slavery. felt he jeopardized the future of slavery. were fiercely divided over his candidacy and election.

felt he jeopardized the future of slavery.

Southerners were opposed to forced service in the Confederate army because they Question 39 options: were against the war in the first place. did not want to fight to protect slaveholders. felt it undermined the tradition of states' rights. felt it unfairly punished slaveholders.

felt it undermined the tradition of states' rights.

General Robert E. Lee was motivated to attack Union forces in Pennsylvania because he Question 41 options: had defeated a Union force twice the size of his own in Virginia. wanted to show the Confederacy that he was their real leader. was desperate to end the war because he was running out of men. had secret intelligence on the weaknesses of the Union troops in Pennsylvania.

had defeated a Union force twice the size of his own in Virginia.

To try to prevent border states, such as Maryland, Delaware, Missouri, and Kentucky, from seceding, Lincoln Question 11 options: assured them he would not interfere with their state laws governing slavery. offered them economic and political incentives to side with the Union. jailed secessionists, arrested sympathetic state legislators, and limited the press. ordered Union troops to each state's capital to provide support.

jailed secessionists, arrested sympathetic state legislators, and limited the press.

The Union responded to the early string of defeats by Question 10 options: ordering a blockade of southern deep-water ports. immediately calling for 200,000 more troops. discussing another alternative—accepting the South's secession. calling on the British for assistance.

ordering a blockade of southern deep-water ports.

Northern manufacturing recovered from the loss of southern cotton by Question 30 options: producing woolen clothing. trading with France to get cotton. closing down; textile manufacturing never recovered. shifting their production efforts to recycling cotton fabric.

producing woolen clothing.

When the Union referred to fugitive slaves as "contraband" of war, it meant they were Question 15 options: to be treated as free because slavery was against the will of the Union. to be immediately imprisoned and isolated for the duration of the war. part of the spoils of war, there for the taking by the strongest men. property forfeited by slaveholders in the act of rebellion.

property forfeited by slaveholders in the act of rebellion.

As Sherman's troops marched across the South, thousands of slaves joined them, so the troops Question 46 options: provided the slaves with food, clothing, and medical care. didn't give the slaves anything but allowed them to march north with them. gave whatever supplies they could spare to the slaves and left them behind. refused to take the slaves north with them.

refused to take the slaves north with them.

The passage by Congress of the Confiscation Act in August 1861 laid the foundation for Question 16 options: the Emancipation Proclamation. the defeat of the Confederacy. women joining the war effort. the arming of Confederate slaves.

the Emancipation Proclamation.

Secession by the first seven states created anxiety for northern textile manufacturers because they feared Question 7 options: for their lives in the battle that would ensue. the permanent loss of the cotton crop. the loss of southern laborers to work in their factories. that they, too, would be enslaved if the Confederates had their way.

the permanent loss of the cotton crop.

The civilians who traveled from Washington, D.C., to Virginia to view the first major battle of the Civil War found that Question 9 options: Union troops urged them to arm themselves as well. surprisingly, many Confederate troops were killed. the battle was visible from distant banks, increasing civilians' fascination with battle. they had to flee for their lives to escape Confederate artillery.

they had to flee for their lives to escape Confederate artillery.

The Civil War affected social relations in the South by Question 40 options: strengthening ties between planters and their families while undermining their control over slaves. strengthening ties between small farmers, slaves, and working poor people. weakening ties between elite and poor southerners, planters, and small farmers. bringing men and women together but straining relations between planters and slaves.

weakening ties between elite and poor southerners, planters, and small farmers.

During the Civil War, northern farmers and workers Question 36 options: capitalized on the labor shortage and earned record profits. worked hard to keep afloat and managed to come out ahead. worked harder than ever and suffered tremendously. took out loans from the federal government to support business investments.

worked harder than ever and suffered tremendously.