Chapter 13: Diagnostic Procedures; Short Answer: Diagnostic Imaging

List four intraoperative applications for fluroscopy.

1) Angiography 2) Cholangiography 3) Retrograde Urography 4) To direct instrumentation during orthopedics and neurosurgery

List the steps, in order, for percutaneous placement of a femoral artery catheter using the Seldinger technique. (A-H)

A) 1% lidocaine injected into femoral region. B) Small incision made with #11 blade. C) Introduction into femoral artery with cannula inserted at an angle. D) Guidewire inserted through cannula and into artery. E) Catheter positioned. F) Catheter flashed with heparinized solution. G) X-ray taken. H) Catheters are exchanged and the technique is repeated for the right coronary system.

Identify the structures shown in Figure 13-2. (A-E)

A) Common bile duct B) Hepatic ducts C) Cholangiogram catheter D) Ligating clips E) Obstruction

Identify six purposes of radiographic exams in the operating room (OR). (A-F)

A) Locate abnormalities, foreign bodies (bullets, calculi B) Locate retained foreign objects (sponges) C) Discover fluid or sir within cavity D) Verify correct location for surgery E) Diagnose fractures F) Verify placement of indwelling catheters, tubes, and drains

What is the advantage of fluoroscopy?

Allows movement of joints and organs to be viewed directly

What piece pf radiographic equipment is shown in figure 13-1?

C-arm; Portable image intensifier; fluoroscope

What pathologic condition(s) is (are) detected with the use of cholangiography?

Calculi, obstructions

Describe the process of shooting an Intraoperative Cholangiograph (IOC).

Catheter inserted into the cystic duct, contrast media is injected into biliary system to outline calculi and/or obstructions.

A six-month-old is scheduled to undergo a CT scan with general anesthesia. What is the most likely reason that general anesthesia will be administered?

Children may be frightened since the patient must have the tube entered for a length of time and remain still.

What type of radiography can be used to visualize the structures of the biliary tract?

Cholangiography

A bone scan is an example of what type of scan? The term "hot spot" refers to what aspect of the scan, and what condition might be indicated by its presence?

Isotope; a pathological condition

Why is ultrasonography ideal for examination of a fetus?

It does not use ionizing radiation.

The patient is suspected to have a spinal cord tumor. Will an MRI or a CT scan be more useful in visualizing the soft tissue tumor?

MRI; slices may be taken from any direction.

Why is contrast media used?

Outlines the obstructions under fluoroscopy.

What type of examination is necessary to identify an atelectasis (Collapsed lung)?

Plain chest film; x-ray

During a portable X-ray of the surgical site, what is the duty of the surgical technician in the scrub role?

Protect the sterile field from contamination