Chapter 13 Environmental Science Test

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How long will it take for chlorofluorocarbons released from Earth's surface today to reach the stratosphere?

10-20 years

The _ is an international agreement that seeks to limit CO2 emissions from developed countries.

Kyoto Protocol

The _ is an international agreement that limits CFC production.

Montreal Protocol

Which of the following statements related to global warming is not accurate?

Only fossil fuels, not living plants, release carbon dioxide when burned.

Which of the following would occur if Earth were not tilted relative to the plane of its orbit?

Temperate regions would no longer have seasonal changes in climate.

La Niña is the _____ phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle.

cold

A(n) _ is often found on the inland side of a mountain range.

desert

During a(an) _ period, winds push warm water eastward in the Pacific Ocean.

el nino

One serious consequence of climate change, a rise in sea levels, could result in _ of beaches.

erosion

A predicted increase in Earth's average temperature caused by human activities and the subsequent release of gases such as carbon dioxide is known as _.

global warming

The difference between global warming and climate changes is that

global warming is a consequence of climate changes

The _ is a process by which the atmosphere reradiates infrared radiation back to Earth's surface and thereby warms Earth's surface and lower atmosphere.

greenhouse effect

Water vapor and carbon dioxide reradiate infrared radiation in the atmosphere back to the surface of Earth, so they are called _.

greenhouse gases

A continuous record from Mauna Loa, Hawaii, reveals that annual average atmospheric CO2 concentrations have _ since 1958.

increased

Which of the following would not be a consequence of a rise in global temperature?

increased polar ice mass

Ultraviolet radiation is particularly dangerous because

it can damage genetic material in cells

Latitude strongly influences climate because _____ solar energy falls on areas that are closer to the equator than to the poles.

more

As the amount of ozone in the stratosphere decreases,

more ultraviolet light is able to reach Earth's surface

Stratospheric _ is destroyed by chlorine atoms released from CFCs.

ozone

A true statement about greenhouse gases is that they

reradiate infrared radiation back to Earth

If polar ice masses melt as a result of climate change, sea levels will _.

rise

The average global temperature has _____ during the 20th century.

risen some years and fallen other, but increased overall

During summer in the Southern Hemisphere, the Northern Hemisphere experiences

winter

The thinning of the ozone layer

all of the above

Which of the following best describes the effect of a mountain range on the climate of a region?

all of the above

Climate in a region is

the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions

Chlorofluorocarbon molecules are environmentally significant because

their chlorine atoms can destroy many stratospheric ozone molecules

A true statement concerning the physical properties of air is that

warm air can hold more water vapor than an equal amount of cold air

Which of the following correctly states an observation that helps to explain circulation patterns in the atmosphere?

warm air rises and cool sinks

Rain frequently results whenever

warm, moist air rises


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