Chapter 13 Worksheet
Which of the following is a similarity between client-centered therapy and Gestalt therapy?
Like client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy assumes that people disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection
_________ is the tendency to block the free expression of impulses and primitive ideas—a reflection of the defense mechanism of repression
Resistance
According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is the basis for psychological problems?
Roadblocks to self-actualization
_________ refers to a behavior-therapy method for helping people in their interpersonal relations that utilizes self-monitoring, behavior rehearsal, and feedback
Social skills training
Which of the following is true of rational emotive behavior therapists?
They aim to encourage clients to challenge and correct irrational expectations
Which of the following is true of client-centered therapists?
They have unconditional positive regard for their clients.
_________ are controlled environments in which people are reinforced for desired behaviors with keepsakes, such as poker chips, that may be exchanged for privileges
Token economies
Which of the following is a difference between traditional psychoanalysis and humanistic therapies?
Traditional psychoanalysis focuses on early childhood experiences, while humanistic therapies focus on what clients are experiencing here and now
According to Aaron Beck, clients may engage in _________, which means looking at the world in black and white rather than in shades of gray.
absolutist thinking
A(n) _________ is a psychodynamically oriented therapist who focuses on the conscious, coping behavior of the ego instead of the hypothesized, unconscious functioning of the id.
ego analyst
Unlike client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy _________
is directive
Katherine is terrified of dogs. To help alleviate her fears, her therapist first teaches her how to relax her muscles. Next, the therapist gradually exposes Katherine to different dogs using virtual reality displays while she relaxes to each presentation. Which of the following is the basis for the virtual therapy used by Katherine's therapist
systemac desensitization
In client-centered therapy, _________ refers to respect for clients as human beings with unique values and goals
unconditional positive regard
What are two qualities of Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy
Active and directive
Sheryl is suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Her doctor recommends that she take some drugs. Which of the following drugs is she most likely taking?
Antidepressant
Which of the following is a similarity between cognitive therapists and humanistic therapists
Both aim to foster self-insight, but they mainly aim to help make people more aware of their current cognitions
Which of the following is true of cognitive therapy
It focuses directly on thoughts and encourages ideas that help individuals solve problems
Which of the following statements best describes psychodynamic therapy?
It is a type of psychotherapy that is based on Freud's thinking and assumes that psychological problems reflect early childhood experiences and internal conflicts
________ are based on the thinking of Sigmund Freud
Psychodynamic therapies
Which of the following is the aim of traditional psychoanalysis?
To provide insight into the conflicts that are presumed to lie at the roots of a person's problems
Most anti-anxiety drugs belong to the chemical class known as _________.
benzodiazepines
Behavior therapists rely heavily on principles of _________
conditioning and observational learning
According to psychodynamic therapy, psychological problems reflect
early childhood experiences and inner conflicts
In client-centered therapy, _________ refers to the recognition of a client's experiences and feelings
empathy
A form of group therapy that may be undertaken from the systems approach is called _________
family therapy
In psychoanalysis, the uncensored uttering of all thoughts that come to mind is known as _________
free association
Psychodynamic therapy, client-centered therapy, and Gestalt therapy consider psychological disorders to occur as a result of _____
internal conflict
_________ is a behavior-therapy technique in which a client observes and imitates a person who approaches and copes with feared objects or situations
modeling
Antidepressant medication tends to increase the concentration of _________ in the brain.
noradrenaline
Behavior therapy applies _____ to directly promote desired behavioral changes
principles of learning
Salma angrily tells her therapist, John, "I should have won the beauty contest. It's not fair." John confronts Salma's belief by asking, "Wasn't the winner more talented and articulate than you?" John is most likely to be a(n) _____
rational emotive behavior therapist
Psychotherapy refers to _________ between a client and a therapist
systematic interaction
Which of the following is true of free association?
Clients are made comfortable and asked to talk about any topic that comes to mind
Mary and Ted are working with a therapist to strengthen their communication, express their uncomfortable feelings, and learn to share in the decision-making process. In which of the following therapies are they involved?
Couple therapy
Raul goes to a therapist. The therapist asks him to relax by lying on a couch and encourages him to talk about anything that comes to his mind. Through this process, the therapist hopes for some unconscious information to be revealed. Which of the following psychoanalytic techniques does the therapist use?
Free association
_________ was originated by Fritz Perls
Gestalt therapy
Which of the following best describes psychotherapy?
It is a systematic interaction between a therapist and a client that brings psychological principles to bear on influencing the client's thoughts, feelings, or behavior to help the client overcome psychological disorders, adjust to problems in living, or develop as an individual
In psychoanalysis, which of the following statements best describes catharsis?
It is the expression of repressed feelings and impulses to allow the release of the psychic energy associated with them
Based on the different behavior-therapy methods, which of the following is true of modeling?
It relies on observational learning
_________ refers to the systematic application of the principles of learning to the direct modification of a client's problem behaviors
Behavior therapy