Chapter 13 Worksheet

Which of the following is a similarity between client-centered therapy and Gestalt therapy?

Like client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy assumes that people disown parts of themselves that might meet with social disapproval or rejection

_________ is the tendency to block the free expression of impulses and primitive ideas—a reflection of the defense mechanism of repression

Resistance

According to Carl Rogers, which of the following is the basis for psychological problems?

Roadblocks to self-actualization

_________ refers to a behavior-therapy method for helping people in their interpersonal relations that utilizes self-monitoring, behavior rehearsal, and feedback

Social skills training

Which of the following is true of rational emotive behavior therapists?

They aim to encourage clients to challenge and correct irrational expectations

Which of the following is true of client-centered therapists?

They have unconditional positive regard for their clients.

_________ are controlled environments in which people are reinforced for desired behaviors with keepsakes, such as poker chips, that may be exchanged for privileges

Token economies

Which of the following is a difference between traditional psychoanalysis and humanistic therapies?

Traditional psychoanalysis focuses on early childhood experiences, while humanistic therapies focus on what clients are experiencing here and now

According to Aaron Beck, clients may engage in _________, which means looking at the world in black and white rather than in shades of gray.

absolutist thinking

A(n) _________ is a psychodynamically oriented therapist who focuses on the conscious, coping behavior of the ego instead of the hypothesized, unconscious functioning of the id.

ego analyst

Unlike client-centered therapy, Gestalt therapy _________

is directive

Katherine is terrified of dogs. To help alleviate her fears, her therapist first teaches her how to relax her muscles. Next, the therapist gradually exposes Katherine to different dogs using virtual reality displays while she relaxes to each presentation. Which of the following is the basis for the virtual therapy used by Katherine's therapist

systemac desensitization

In client-centered therapy, _________ refers to respect for clients as human beings with unique values and goals

unconditional positive regard

What are two qualities of Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy

Active and directive

Sheryl is suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder. Her doctor recommends that she take some drugs. Which of the following drugs is she most likely taking?

Antidepressant

Which of the following is a similarity between cognitive therapists and humanistic therapists

Both aim to foster self-insight, but they mainly aim to help make people more aware of their current cognitions

Which of the following is true of cognitive therapy

It focuses directly on thoughts and encourages ideas that help individuals solve problems

Which of the following statements best describes psychodynamic therapy?

It is a type of psychotherapy that is based on Freud's thinking and assumes that psychological problems reflect early childhood experiences and internal conflicts

________ are based on the thinking of Sigmund Freud

Psychodynamic therapies

Which of the following is the aim of traditional psychoanalysis?

To provide insight into the conflicts that are presumed to lie at the roots of a person's problems

Most anti-anxiety drugs belong to the chemical class known as _________.

benzodiazepines

Behavior therapists rely heavily on principles of _________

conditioning and observational learning

According to psychodynamic therapy, psychological problems reflect

early childhood experiences and inner conflicts

In client-centered therapy, _________ refers to the recognition of a client's experiences and feelings

empathy

A form of group therapy that may be undertaken from the systems approach is called _________

family therapy

In psychoanalysis, the uncensored uttering of all thoughts that come to mind is known as _________

free association

Psychodynamic therapy, client-centered therapy, and Gestalt therapy consider psychological disorders to occur as a result of _____

internal conflict

_________ is a behavior-therapy technique in which a client observes and imitates a person who approaches and copes with feared objects or situations

modeling

Antidepressant medication tends to increase the concentration of _________ in the brain.

noradrenaline

Behavior therapy applies _____ to directly promote desired behavioral changes

principles of learning

Salma angrily tells her therapist, John, "I should have won the beauty contest. It's not fair." John confronts Salma's belief by asking, "Wasn't the winner more talented and articulate than you?" John is most likely to be a(n) _____

rational emotive behavior therapist

Psychotherapy refers to _________ between a client and a therapist

systematic interaction

Which of the following is true of free association?

Clients are made comfortable and asked to talk about any topic that comes to mind

Mary and Ted are working with a therapist to strengthen their communication, express their uncomfortable feelings, and learn to share in the decision-making process. In which of the following therapies are they involved?

Couple therapy

Raul goes to a therapist. The therapist asks him to relax by lying on a couch and encourages him to talk about anything that comes to his mind. Through this process, the therapist hopes for some unconscious information to be revealed. Which of the following psychoanalytic techniques does the therapist use?

Free association

_________ was originated by Fritz Perls

Gestalt therapy

Which of the following best describes psychotherapy?

It is a systematic interaction between a therapist and a client that brings psychological principles to bear on influencing the client's thoughts, feelings, or behavior to help the client overcome psychological disorders, adjust to problems in living, or develop as an individual

In psychoanalysis, which of the following statements best describes catharsis?

It is the expression of repressed feelings and impulses to allow the release of the psychic energy associated with them

Based on the different behavior-therapy methods, which of the following is true of modeling?

It relies on observational learning

_________ refers to the systematic application of the principles of learning to the direct modification of a client's problem behaviors

Behavior therapy