Chapter 14
The average amount of blood in an adult is _____ L. 2 3 5 7
5
Which is the rarest ABO blood type? A B AB O
AB
A deficiency of the oxygen carrying capacity in the blood will cause the production of more red blood cells. True False
True
Which blood components transport most of the gases? erythrocytes platelets leukocytes plasma
erythrocytes
Which of the following indicates a normal white blood cell count? 1 million per mm3 15,000 per cm3 10,000 per mm3 3,000 per mm3
10,000 per mm3
Red blood cells survive around _____ days. 120 240 10 360
120
Red blood cells live around _____ before they disintegrate. A) one month B) 120 days C) 21 days D) three months
120 days
What is a normal platelet count? 1 million per cubic cc 200,000 per cubic mm 1 million per cubic mm 10,000 per cubic mm
200,000 per cubic mm
Each red cell contains about _____% of its volume as the pigment hemoglobin. 5 10 33 66
33
How much of the plasma is protein? 10% 7% 25% 92%
7%
Which mineral is essential for coagulation to occur? Mg2+ Ca2+ Na+ Fe2+
Ca2+
Select the statement about red blood cells that is incorrect. Mature red blood cells lack nuclei. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin. Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen. Red blood cells lack mitochondria.
Deoxyhemoglobin is saturated with oxygen.
A high reticulocyte count in the blood could indicate that there is a slow production of erythrocytes from the bone marrow. True False
False
All leukocytes usually live from 7 to 21 days. True False
False
Damage to tissues initiates the intrinsic phase of clotting. True False
False
High density lipoproteins have relatively more lipids than proteins. True False
False
Lymphocytes contain lysosomes, which actively decompose bacteria they engulf. True False
False
Streptokinase and urokinase are used to directly dissolve a thrombus that has moved into the lung. True False
False
The average red cell count for females is 4.6-6.2 million cells per cubic mm. True False
False
The red color in inflammation is partially explained by the ability of erythrocytes to secrete histamines. True False
False
Which lipoprotein has the highest percentage of cholesterol? VLDL LDL HDL chylomicron
LDL
Which of these has the highest proportion of protein? chylomicron VLDL LDL HDL
LDL
When red blood cells are worn out, part of their components are recycled while others are disposed. Select the incorrect statement about destruction of red blood cells. The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow. Iron is carried to the bone marrow by a protein called transferrin. Biliverdin and bilirubin impart color to bile. Macrophages in the liver and spleen destroy worn out red blood cells.
The greenish pigment, biliverdin, is recycled to the bone marrow.
A drop in osmotic pressure with resulting edema can be caused by a poor diet or liver disease. True False
True
Bleeding is a symptom of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). True False
True
Excessive amounts of creatinine in the blood could result from muscle or kidney disorders. True False
True
Familial hypercholesterolemia is a genetic condition which is characterized by high plasma LDL and increased risk of heart attack. True False
True
In pernicious anemia, the lack of vitamin cyanocobalamin causes the red blood cells to become enlarged. True False
True
It is possible to have anemia even when the erythrocyte count is above normal. True False
True
Leukemic cells can be found within the brain or lungs. True False
True
Newborn babies would have difficulty removing bile pigments because of their immature livers. True False
True
Pregnancy requires the addition of supplements containing iron to support the increase in vasculature and oxygen demand. True False
True
Pus contains living as well as dead leukocytes that were summoned to the area by positive chemotaxis. True False
True
Serum is the liquid portion of the blood that cannot clot. True False
True
Thrombocytopenia or an increased tendency to bleed is a common consequence of leukemia. True False
True
Vessel spasm can be an effective method of hemostasis. True False
True
What is the most common cancerous condition in children? myeloid leukemia lymphoid leukemia acute lymphoid leukemia chronic lymphoid leukemia
acute lymphoid leukemia
What is the most significant factor that helps maintain blood osmotic pressure? electrolytes albumin fibrinogen globulins
albumin
Which is the most abundant of the plasma proteins? alpha globulin beta globulin albumin fibrinogen
albumin
A person with eosinophilia, or greater than normal numbers of eosinophils, is most likely suffering from ____________. allergies or internal parasites anemia an autoimmune disease diabetes
allergies or internal parasites
Which plasma proteins help transport lipids in the bloodstream? albumins alpha and beta globulins fibrinogen gamma globulins
alpha and beta globulins
Which type of condition is directly related to bone marrow suppression? aplastic anemia anemia sickle cell anemia megaloblastic anemia
aplastic anemia
Which of the following is a probable cause of leukocytosis? A) mumps B) chickenpox C) influenza D) appendicitis
appendicitis
The _____ cells are the usual sources of heparin. eosinophil basophil lymphocyte monocyte
basophil
Which cells are the rarest leukocytes? monocytes eosinophils basophils lymphocytes
basophils
Choose the correct order for the steps of hemostasis. blood coagulation, platelet plug formation, blood vessel spasm platelet plug formation, blood coagulation, blood vessel spasm blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation blood vessel spasm, blood coagulation, platelet plug formation
blood vessel spasm, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation
Which of these is mainly comprised of triglycerides? HDL LDL VLDL chylomicron
chylomicron
Which factor promotes the appearance of the platelet plug? collagen serotonin fibrinogen vasodilation
collagen
The ability called _____ explains how a white blood cell could be found in the urine. phagocytosis diapedesis ameboid movement infection
diapedesis
The _____ cells are actively involved with allergies. eosinophil erythrocyte monocyte neutrophil
eosinophil
Which blood cell can be described as being a biconcave disc? platelet neutrophil eosinophil erythrocyte
erythrocyte
Which cell has no nucleus when it is mature? platelet neutrophil erythrocyte lymphocyte
erythrocyte
Which of these factors will increase the RBC or RCC? A) exercise B) dieting C) low body temperature D) decreased altitudes
excercise
Iron is stored in the liver in the form of _____. hemoglobin transferrin ferritin bilirubin
ferritin
Which is the last molecule to appear in a clotting reaction? fibrinogen fibrin thrombin prothrombin
fibrin
Which protein functions in coagulation? fibrinogen albumin gamma globulin alpha globulin
fibrinogen
Which molecules are the sources of most antibodies? alpha globulin beta globulin albumin gamma globulin
gamma globulin
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? A) heme B) globin C) bilirubin D) biliverdin
globin
The percentage of blood cells in whole blood is called _____. plasma hematocrit erythrocytes serum
hematocrit
The precursor of all lines of blood cells is the _______________. myeloblast hemocytoblast proerythroblast progranulocyte
hemocytoblast
Which of these is the earliest of this cell line? A) reticulocyte B) erythrocyte C) erythroblast D) hemocytoblast
hemocytoblast
The type of anemia that is fairly common and caused by insufficient dietary iron is ______________. aplastic anemia pernicious anemia hemolytic anemia iron deficiency anemia
iron deficiency anemia
Which of the following is not a site of red blood cell production in the fetus? A) bone marrow B) kidney C) liver D) spleen
kidney
Which organ has a primary role in stimulating blood cell formation? A) kidney B) liver C) bone marrow D) spleen
kidney
An acute infection would show up in a blood count as ______________. leukopenia leukocytosis too few helper T cells thrombocytopenia
leukocytosis
The condition called _____ is evidenced by a DIFF over 10,000 per cubic mm of whole blood. A) leukemia B) polycythemia C) leukocytosis D) leukopenia
leukocytosis
Which organ has the greatest role in synthesizing most blood nutrients? intestine liver stomach skeletal muscle
liver
Which leukocyte does NOT have phagocytic properties? A) monocyte B) lymphocyte C) neutrophil D) polymorphonuclear leukocyte
lymphocyte
Which of these cell types should NOT be grouped with the others? neutrophil lymphocyte eosinophil basophil
lymphocyte
Which cells release antibodies into the circulation? monocytes neutrophils lymphocytes basophils
lymphocytes
Which of the following is a young platelet? A) progranulocyte B) basophilic band cell C) monoblast D) megakaryoblast
megakaryoblast
Which of the following is an agranulocyte? neutrophil monocyte basophil eosinophil
monocyte
Which of these did NOT develop from a myeloblast? A) basophil B) monocyte C) eosinophil D) neutrophil
monocyte
The largest cells in the blood that leave the bloodstream to become macrophages are the _______________. eosinophils monocytes basophils neutrophils
monocytes
Which leukocytes are the largest in the peripheral blood? A) monocytes B) lymphocytes C) basophils D) neutrophils
monocytes
The type of white blood cell that is often the first to arrive at the site of infection is a granulocyte and contains granules that stains light purple is a _______________. basophil eosinophil neutrophil monocyte
neutrophil
Myeloid leukemia can be evidenced by an increase in _____. lymphocytes monocytes neutrophils platelets
neutrophils
Which cells are also called polymorphonuclear leukocytes? monocytes basophils lymphocytes neutrophils
neutrophils
Which white blood cells are the most common? A) leukocytes B) monocytes C) neutrophils D) lymphocytes
neutrophils
Which of the following directly defines the transportation of oxygen? hemoglobin oxyhemoglobin reduced hemoglobin red cell count
oxyhemoglobin
Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12? aplastic anemia pernicious anemia hemolytic anemia hemorrhagic anemia
pernicious anemia
Which of these can dissolve a blood clot? heparin plasminogen plasmin PDGF
plasmin
Megakaryocytes will differentiate into _____. monocytes lymphocytes platelets eosinophils
platelets
Which components are the source of serotonin which causes smooth muscle cells to contract? A) platelets B) lymphocytes C) monocytes D) basophils
platelets
Which components are the source of serotonin which causes smooth muscle cells to contract? platelets lymphocytes monocytes basophils
platelets
Which components of whole blood account for clotting? erythrocytes eosinophils platelets neutrophils
platelets
The buffy coat evidenced by separating blood cells is comprised of _____. erythrocytes platelets white cells platelets and leukocytes
platelets and leukocytes
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal increase in red blood cell count? polycythemia anemia leukemia porphyria
polycythemia
Who is at risk for developing a fatal Rh incompatibility? any Rh+ fetus second Rh- fetus of Rh+ mother second Rh+ fetus of Rh- mother Rh- mother
second Rh+ fetus of Rh- mother
Which of the following does NOT belong with the others? erythrocyte serum leukocyte platelet
serum
Damaged or old red blood cells are removed by the liver and _____. kidney skeletal muscle bone marrow spleen
spleen
What converts fibrinogen to fibrin? prothrombin thrombin calcium thromboplastin
thrombin
Which of the following is NOT always present in the blood? prothrombin fibrinogen calcium thrombin
thrombin
Which chemical initiates the extrinsic phase of clotting? fibrin fibrinogen thromboplastin prothrombin
thromboplastin
Which clotting factor is released from damaged tissue, and initiates a chain of clotting events? prothrombin thrombin fibrin tissue thromboplastin
tissue thromboplastin
During protein catabolism, _____ is produced as an end product by the liver. urea uric acid creatine creatinine
uric acid
Sedentary people with elevated triglyceride levels who continue to eat fatty foods are likely to have high levels of ____________ in their bloodstream. high-density lipoprotein (HDL) low-density lipoprotein (LDL) very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) chylomicrons
very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Which dietary component(s) is/are needed for DNA synthesis, and thus greatly influence the production of red blood cells? calcium iron vitamin B12 and folic acid protein
vitamin B12 and folic acid
Which of these is a procoagulant? heparin antithrombin vitamin K prostacyclin
vitamin K
What is the most common component in the plasma? sodium chloride water protein platelets
water
