chapter 14

At which stage of the court process do juvenile probation officers decide to adjust the matter, refer the child to an agency for service, or refer the case to the court for judicial action? a. Postadjudication stage b. Postdisposition stage c. Predisposition stage d. Intake stage

d

Between 1991 and 2006, the number of female juvenile offenders in custody increased by ________. a. 13 percent b. 36 percent c. 15 percent d. 45 percent

d

Reception centers that screen juveniles and assign them to appropriate facilities are an example of ________. a. community treatment centers b. boarding schools c. probation d. institutional facilities

d

The primary goal of juvenile intensive supervision probation (JISP) is ________. a. to provide strict counseling services b. control of high-risk offenders c. maintaining community ties and reintegration d. decarceration

d

Which residential program is an institution in which educational and psychological services are used in an effort to improve the conduct of juveniles who are forcibly detained? a. Group homes b. Family group homes c. Rural programs d. Reform schools

d

Which state has the highest number of juvenile offenders in residential placement? a. Florida b. Pennsylvania c. Texas d. California

d

20 Which landmark court case resulted in a decision that gave to all juveniles confined in training schools to the right to treatment? a. Morales v. Turman b. Pena v. New York State Division of Youth c. Ralston v. Robinson d. Inmates of the Boys' Training School v. Affleck

a

Examining probation, which of the following is true? a. The conditions of probation cannot determine a probationer's movements unless they are deviant or harmful. b. Restitution as part of the conditions of probation is largely unsuccessful. c. Juveniles are not entitled to a hearing before revocation. d. Due process rights do not apply to probationers who violate the conditions of probation.

a

Privately maintained residences, such as foster homes, small-group homes, and boarding schools are referred to as ________. a. community treatment b. institutional treatment c. community corrections d. suppression services

a

Suppression effect refers to: a. a reduction of the number of arrests per year for youths who have been incarcerated or otherwise punished. b. the reduction in available community services. c. the repressive memories that juvenile delinquents experience from previous victimization. d. the resulting suppression of psychological dysfunction as a result of community treatment.

a

Which is a primary goal of restorative justice? a. To address the issues that produce conflict between the parties of the crime. b. Restrict control of the offender. c. To balance the juvenile's needs and accountability. d. To restrict and monitor the movements of the offenders so as to decrease criminal opportunity.

a

Which state has the highest rate of African American youths in residential placement? a. Wyoming b. South Dakota c. District of Columbia d. California

a

The report that includes a clinical diagnosis of the juvenile and the need for court assistance, relevant environmental and personality factors, and other information to assist the court in developing a treatment plan is developed by the ________. a. psychologist b. probation officer c. court intake officer d. arresting police officer

b

This form of restitution which requires that an offender paint the building he vandalized with graffiti is known as ________. a. monetary restitution b. victim service restitution c. community service restitution d. strict restitution

b

Which form of therapy involves highly structured counseling in which a therapist helps a juvenile solve conflicts and make a more positive adjustment to society? a. Milieu therapy b. Psychotherapy c. Behavior modification d. Reality therapy

b

A nonpunitive, legal disposition of juveniles emphasizing community treatment in which the juvenile is closely supervised by an officer of the court and must adhere to a strict set of rules to avoid incarceration is known as ________. a. electronic monitoring b. institutional treatment c. probation d. community treatment

c

Which is not a duty of juvenile probation officers? a. Provide direct counseling and casework services. b. Direct volunteer case aides. c. Determine disposition through the predisposition report. d. Make decisions about revocation of probation and its termination.

c

Which is not an argument in favor of probation? a. For youths who can be supervised in the community, probation represents an appropriate disposition. b. The justice system continues to have confidence in rehabilitation while accommodating demands for legal control and public protection. c. Community treatment is preferable even with the most violent of juvenile offenders. d. Probation allows the court to tailor a program for each juvenile offender, including those involved in interpersonal offenses.

c

Which state has the highest rate (per 100,000 juveniles in the population) of juvenile offenders in residential placement? a. Wyoming b. District of Columbia c. South Dakota d. California

c

A disposition that requires the offender to remain in the community and undergo random GPS tracking in order to monitor the offender's location is called ________. a. probation b. house arrest c. restitution d. electronic monitoring

d

A true alternative to incarceration that involves almost daily supervision of the juvenile by the probation officer assigned to the case is called balanced probation. True False

false

The California 8% Solution program identifies the 8 percent as those who are not deterred with probation. True False

false

One of the core values of restorative justice is that the first priority is to assist the victims. True False

true

Since the 1970s, decarceration has been a policy of juvenile justice. True False

true

Two thirds of all juvenile dispositions result in formal probation. True False

true