Chapter 14 Lesson 3 Southern Cotton Kingdom

Louis Wigfall

A Texas Politician who was quoted saying that southerners do not want manufacturing

Productivity

A measure of how much a worker can produce with a given amount of time and effort.

Why did Northern manufacturers have an economic advantage over the South?

Because of the abundance of railways, the North had lower shipping costs and could keep their prices down

What crops did the Deep South grow in the 1860's?

Cotton, as well as, rice and sugarcane

Austin Clayton

From Georgia, opened a cotton mill

The Alabama Iron Works

Included a sawmill fro producing lumbar.

Eli Whitney

Invented the cotton gin in 1793. It easily removed seeds from the cotton fibers, cotton productivity increased, it helped workers process 50 times more cotton each day than by hand

What were some of the reasons that Southern cities grew slower than Northern cities?

Southern rail lines were short and not linked together, they had fewer railroads than the North, where railways were the major routes fro commerce and settlement.

William Gregg

Southerner who owned a cotton mill and encouraged growth of industry in the south

What effect did the cotton gin have on the Souths economy?

The cotton gin allowed for the expansion of cotton farming to the Deep South. Larger plantations required more slaves, this lead to the domestic slave trade becoming profitable.

How were the economies of the North and the South different?

The economy of the south was based on farming, while the economy of the North was based on industry.

What were the consequences of the cotton gin?

The farmers wanted to grow more cotton in more places, this caused an increase in the amount of slave labor needed. Slavery spread across a larger area of the South.

What depended the South's need for slavery and a slave based economy?

The great demand for cotton

Domestic slave trade

The trade of enslaved people among states in the United States.

Why did some Southern leaders want to develop industry in the region?

They thought that the South depended too much on the North for manufactured goods. They thought factories would improve the economy.

What crops did the Upper South grow in 1860's?

Tobacco, hemp, wheat, and vegetables.

In the early years of the US the settlers had developed any a small part of the region, the Upper South, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. Some settled in Georgia and North Carolina. By 1850, the South had changed and its people had moved inward, to the Deep South.

What were the states in the Deep South?

Joseph Reid Anderson

took over the Tredegar Iron Works and made it one of the nation's leading iron producers, from Virginia

Why did industry develop more slowly in the South than the North?

One reason was the boom in cotton. Agriculture produced great profits. While building new industry was costly. Planters would have to sell enslaved people or land to raise the money to build factories. They chose instead to invest in profitable agriculture, including enslaved Africans. The market for manufactured goods in the South was small, slaves didn't buy goods, and this limited market discouraged industries from developing.

Why did the need for cotton cause an need for slavery?

Raising cotton crop took a lot of time and labor, workers had to separate the sticky seeds from the cotton fibers. This called for slaves in the south

Consequences

Result,

After the American Revolution, what crops were no longer in demand and which were?

Rice, indigo, and tobacco were no longer needed, while cotton was in high demand. European mills now wanted Southern cotton.

How did slavery affect the development of the Southern economy?

Slavery allowed southern farmers to have free labor and increase their profits. It also allowed them to expand their plantations and farm more land, thus selling more crops and improving Southern economy.