Chapter 14 Mexican History
Pedro Garibay
A senile field marshall, replaced Iturrigaray
Father Clavijero
Accurately described New Spain's geography, flora and fauna and extolled the region's positive characteristics and achievements.
José de Gálvez
Agreed with Charles III to set limits of criollo participation in the government
Viceroy José de Iturrigaray
Allowed criollos to form juntas. Was removed from his palace and sent to Veracruz to wait a passage to Spain where he was later imprisoned.
Mexicanidad
The spirit of an inclusive Mexican cultural society
Conde or Marqúes
Titles granted to mining barons, along with some wealthy ranchers and merchants in exchange of gifts to the crown
Cabildo
a former Spanish municipal administrative unit governed by a council
Sánchez Navarro family
amassed huge holdings, involved in mining, agriculture and commerce as well as ran sheep, cattle and horses. Had largest ranch in Spanish America
Conspiracy of the Machetes
ill-conceived conspiracy of criollos, their plan was so naive that their cache of arms consisted only of machetes (1799)
Patria Chica
local world
Manuel de Godoy
provincial guardsman, maneuvered his way into rank of prime minister. Made unwise alliances which caused invasion of Spain by troops of Napoleon Bonaparte
marqués de Aguayo
purchases 222,000 acres from the crown for only 250 pesos.
Americanos or mexicanos
this group called themselves this, shunning the socially tainted designation of criollo
Act of Consolidation
Required church to call in all loans it made using charitable funds. Constrained the activities of the church
The Casa de Alfeñique
Sugar-Candy House, showplace in Puebla
Second count of Revillagigedo
Among his many intelligent innovations was the lighting of streets, paved streets and authorized the first public transportation system, set speed limits, restricted parking and issues laws against shrill whistling and shouting imprecations at pedestrians and riders. Also improved the postal service
Joseph Bonaparte
Brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, ruled Spain
Criollo grievances
Criollos had been forced into a secondary position. They lent themselves to more coordinated expression through local societies and literary clubs
Pueblo Revolt
Drove out Spaniards for more than a decade. Occurred in northern province of New Mexico
Count of Bassoco
Elevated to count only after a gift to the government of 200,000 peso
Pedro Romero de Terreros
Future Conde de Regla, began as an apprentice to his merchant uncle. Used family connections to build up capital and invest in mining, hitting the bonanza with Real del Monte in Pachuca, eventually becoming the wealthiest man in the colony, perhaps in the world at the time. Founded Monte de Piedad
Latifundio
Huge holdings of land. The Sanchez Navarro family held one almost as large as the country of Portugal
Count of Valenciana
In the late 18th Century this person sometimes took a net profit of more than a million pesos annually
Ferdinand VII
King without a throne
Frenchified
Later aristocrats were wealthier and more cosmopolitan. They adopted continental fashions and wore powdered wigs on formal occasions. Therefore to some extent the Mexican high society had become ______________
Hidalgo
Leader of conspiracy in Querétaro (1810)
Charles III
Limited Criollo participation in government
Jacinto Canek
Maya insurrection led by this person threatened Yucatán in 1761
Don José de la Borda
Mining Baron; financed what is considered the most complete example of Mexican baroque: church of Santa Prisca in Taxco
House of Tiles
Once the residence of conde del Valle de Orizaba, it is today a restaurant. Covered on the exterior and interior with tiles
Juntas
Provisional bodies
Marqués de Branciforte
Replaced Viceroy Revillagigedo