chapter 14

Medication for psychological disorders is generally prescribed by _____, who have _____ degrees.

psychiatrists; MD

Behavior therapy is a type of _____ therapy that _____

psychological; uses learning principles

About _____ of all psychotherapy clients show clinically significantly improvement after 21 sessions

1/2

_____ therapy associates an unpleasant state, such as nausea, with an unwanted behavior, such as drinking alcohol.

Aversion

_____ is used to treat phobias by presenting clients with the feared objects or situations in a no-risk context.

Exposure

How does exposure differ from systematic desensitization?

Exposure does not proceed through a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking stimuli; systematic desensitization does

Beck argued that cognitive schema underlie distorted thought patterns. Beck's assertion reflects the intellectual legacy of the pioneering developmental psychologist:

Jean Piaget

Which statement BEST expresses trends in the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) to treat depression?

MAOIs have largely fallen out of favor

How do traditional antipsychotics differ from atypical antipsychotics?

Traditional antipsychotics affect only dopamine, while atypical antipsychotics affect dopamine and other neurotransmitters.

Which approach to psychological therapy is correctly defined?

humanistic therapy - emphasizes positive growth

_____ therapies aim to increase awareness of one's self and environment.

insight

Group therapy is the preferred treatment approach for:

interpersonal problems.

Mrs. Williams experiences periods of intense mania alternating with bouts of major depression. She will be BEST treated using:

mood stabilizers

Compared to psychoanalysis, humanistic therapy is _____ likely to focus on the present rather than the past, and _____ likely to focus on the conscious rather than the unconscious mind.

more; more

The erroneous belief that self-contained events will have major repercussions in one's life is called:

overgeneralization.

Malika sees her therapist every other week. When she is at her therapist's office, she feels accepted and can share anything. While her therapist listens to what Malika has to say without judgment, he also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification. Malika's therapist is practicing:

person-centered therapy

After telling his psychoanalyst about his relationship with his ex-wife for a few minutes, Jerome suddenly changes the subject. Jerome is exhibiting

resistance

Kelley is currently being treated for severe major depression. She is MOST likely to be prescribed a(n):

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.

To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

aversion therapy.

The aim of _____ therapy is to replace maladaptive behaviors by applying learning principles.

behaivor

Reinforcing desirable behaviors and punishing undesirable ones is known as:

behavior modification.

In person-centered therapy, the therapist:

clarifies and reflects back the client's statements.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation involves:

delivering an electrical current to the brain through coils outside the head

Cognitive therapists believe that psychological disorders reflect

distortions in thinking

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates:

systematic desensitization.

What is transference?

the transfer of strong feelings about parents or authority figures to a therapist